月季抗黑斑病育种研究进展

现代月季栽培中黑斑病发生普遍且严重,综述了现代月季抗黑斑病育种研究进展,指出了生物技术、远缘杂交在现代月季抗黑斑病育种中的应用前景,如2n配子具有杂种和多倍体的双重优势,可克服两者的倍性差异,在种质创新和育种中具有特殊的应用价值。     

基于光合色素的钦州湾平水期浮游植物群落结构研究

应用反相高效液相色谱(RP - HPLC) 并结合二极管阵列检测器分析技术,分析了2010年平水期钦州湾浮游植物光合色素组成,进而由CHEMTAX 软件估算全粒级浮游植物的群落结构。结果表明：平水期浮游植物特征光合色素含量以岩藻黄素最高,其次为叶绿素b、玉米黄素和青绿素,其它特征光合色素含量较低;水体中色素组成表明浮游植物的优势类群为硅藻,其次为蓝藻和青绿藻,它们分别平均占据了浮游植物生物量的73.9%、11.7%和8.7%,其它藻类所占比例很低。硅藻呈现出从湾顶往外随着盐度增加而增加的趋势,而青绿藻显现出相反的分布趋势。钦州湾浮游植物群落结构形成了茅岭江和钦江河口、湾颈-外湾近岸和外湾靠外海域共三种类型,平水期浮游植物群落结构的组成和分布特征主要是由茅岭江和钦江径流变化以及营养盐等环境所决定。平水期叶绿素b和青绿素在大部分站点存在证实了青绿藻在钦州湾的分布,而且表明青绿藻、绿藻和定鞭金藻等微型藻类在钦州湾占有相当比重,它们的重要性有待进一步研究。     

橘红色花菜薹突变体的发现和研究

以橘红色花菜薹突变体11A-47 与黄色花菜薹联记特选34 号甜菜心杂交获得的F₁,F₂ 及
BC₁、BC₁′ 群体为试材。将6 个世代的种子经4 ℃低温春化处理15 d 后调查子叶颜色,研究菜薹橘红色花
的遗传规律;同时,采用与大白菜橘红心球色基因紧密连锁的分子标记对控制菜薹橘红色花的基因进行分
析,鉴定菜薹橘红色花与大白菜橘红心球色基因or 之间的关系。结果 表明,橘红色花菜薹11A-47 与黄色
花菜薹杂交F₂ 群体中,橘红色子叶与绿色子叶的分离比例符合1∶3,χ²=1.938 9 ＜ χ²
0.05=3.841;BC₁′ 群体
中,橘红色子叶与绿色子叶的分离比例符合1∶1,χ²=1.369 7 ＜ χ²0.05=3.841。说明菜薹的橘红色花为质量
性状,由1 对隐性等位基因控制。分子标记结果表明,控制菜薹橘红色花的基因与控制大白菜橘红心球色
的基因可能不同。     

食用兼观赏型南瓜新品种宝仁南瓜的选育

宝仁南瓜是Y-8-8-1-6-4和Y-20-5-6配制而成的一代杂交种,其生长势强,第1雌花节位8~10节,坐果性好,连续坐果能力强;果实扁圆形,果皮橙红色,单瓜质量0.8~1.2 kg,可观赏性强;种子裸仁;田间表现较抗白粉病和病毒病,商品性好,风味品质佳;平均每667 m2产量为3170.4 kg,比对照红蜜南瓜增产15.6%。     

中小果型有籽西瓜新品种黑迷人的选育

黑迷人是湖南省西瓜育种工程实验室与湖南博达隆科技发展有限公司选育的杂交一代有籽西瓜新品种。全生育期95 d,果实发育期29 d;果实短椭圆形;果皮墨绿色,有蜡粉,皮厚1.1 cm;果皮坚硬,耐贮运,货架期长;瓤色鲜红,瓜瓤致密且肉质沙脆,品质优;剖面好;中心可溶性固形物含量11.0%~12.0%,边部可溶性固形物含量7.5%左右;单瓜质量2~4 kg,一般667 m2产量1800~2000 kg;抗病性和抗逆性强;适应性广。     

绿萼紫茄新品种托米娜（33—22）的选育

绿萼紫茄杂交种托米娜（33—22）是以GEP07—33为母本,GEP07-K22为父本配制而成的绿萼紫长茄一代杂种。该品种株型直立,果实长棒状,光泽度好,商品性好,单果质量193．07g,生育期117．30d,抗黄萎病和绵疫病,适于保护地长季栽培。     

Effects of Runner Tip Size and Plugging Date on Fall Flowering in Short-Day Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) Cultivars

Abstract

Producing strawberry transplants from runner tips that were plugged ～1 month earlier (early July) than the standard time (early August) promoted fall flowering in some short-day strawberry cultivars. In 2002,100% of ‘Chandler’ transplants produced in early July flowered in the fall, but none of the August-plugged ‘Chandler’ transplants flowered in the fall. In 2003, 73% of ‘Chandler’ transplants produced in mid-July from average-size runner tips and less than half of transplants from small-size runner tips flowered in the fall. Again, August-plugged plants did not flower in the fall. Flowering was absent in ‘Northeaster’ plants. Under protected cultivation, July-plugged ‘Sweet Charlie’ plants bloomed earlier and produced more fruit in November and December than those plugged in August. This study showed that fall flowering in ‘Chandler’ and ‘Sweet Charlie’ strawberry is possible if the transplants are prepared by plugging runner tips in early July. This novel technique for propagating strawberry transplants for annual plasticulture combined with production under high tunnels creates an opportunity for strawberry production in early winter and again in the spring (double cropping) in the mid-Atlantic coast region.     

冷季型草坪建植与养护技术研究

通过近几年在铜仁栽培冷季型草坪的试验研究,对冷季型草坪建植与养护技术进行分析总结,探讨冷季型草坪栽培的技术要点,以期对铜仁地区草坪建植管理提供参考。     

基于VB6.0的西瓜育种可视化管理系统的研建

基于VB6.0编程技术,开发出集系谱管理、组合管理、亲本管理、图片管理、智能选种、数据调库、组合预测、数据检索和数理统计分析等功能为一体的可视化育种管理系统,该系统操作简单、界面友好、通用性较强,适合西瓜育种工作的迫切需求,并且今后可扩展应用到其他作物育种上。     

Using Commercially Available Ion‐Exchange Membranes to Monitor Plant‐Available Nutrients in Cranberry

Abstract

Monitoring in‐season nutrient availability in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is hampered by tissue sampling being limited to a short, late‐summer period, and a low‐pH, high‐iron (Fe) soil environment limits soil‐test result interpretation. To evaluate monitoring available in‐season nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), commercially available ion‐exchange membranes (PRS?) were placed in plots where standard fertilizer practices were supplemented with the controlled‐release fertilizer (CRF) Osmocote? 14–14–14 at 0, 112, 224 or 336 kg/ha rates. PRS? nitrate (NO₃)‐N was related only to CRF fertilizer, whereas PRS? ammonium (NH₄)‐N reflected both the CRF and in‐season fertilizer applications. Large increases in PRS? NH₄‐N with increasing CRF rates suggested a synergistic effect of CRF on fertilizer NH₄‐N availability. PRS? P was positively correlated with CRF P but negatively to in‐season P applications, whereas PRS? K was related to in‐season fertilizer applications but not to CRF, suggesting poor plant P availability in the soil environment and relatively little K contribution from CRF, respectively. These results show promise for using PRS? in cranberry.