皇后黑李优良单株——隆丰1号黑李的选育

对皇后黑李、隆丰1号黑李的生物学特征和植物学特性进行观察记载;开展皇后黑李优良单株的选育,选出优良单株——隆丰1号黑李。     

国外生猪育种体系简析及对我国生猪育种的几点思考

选择是生猪育种的核心,而准确地选择和选种依赖于完善和成熟的育种体系。国际养猪发达国家(国际育种企业)对育种体系不断完善,长期进行生长、繁殖和肉品质等各类性状的表型测定,运用多场联合评估和基因组选择等方法不断提高遗传评估的准确性,不断挖掘新的育种性状,并进行测定、评估和选育,实现了种猪群体持续的遗传改良和综合性能的不断提升。本文对欧美发达国家(国际育种企业)的生猪育种技术体系进行了综述,以期为我国的生猪育种工作提供参考,并促进我国生猪种业的创新发展。     

Swine viscera preservation in hypersaturated salt solution after alcohol fixation as a preparation method for educational purposes

The use of live animals for educational purposes is an old practice that is still employed in teaching and research institutions. However, there are several objections to this practice, whether for ethical or humanitarian reasons. Surgical techniques teaching using anatomical pieces and/or preserved cadavers promotes greater learning efficiency, provides exercise repetition and increases the confidence and satisfaction of the students when compared to the use of live animals. The current work aimed to analyse the feasibility of using fresh swine urinary bladder and small intestines (jejunum), obtained from slaughterhouses, fixed in 99.8% ethyl alcohol (EA) and preserved in sodium chloride hypersaturated solution (SCHS) at 30%, for 7, 14 and 21 days, as an alternative method for surgical skills training (SST). Swine viscera, fixed in EA and preserved in SCHS, presented a realistic appearance, absence of odour and maintained the viable morphological characteristics during the performance of the operative techniques. Preservation solutions had low cost, were easy to acquire and did not offers risks to human health. Therefore, urinary bladders and small intestines fixed in 99.8% EA for 30 days and maintained in 30% SCHS at different periods were demonstrated as a good viable option as a preservation method for surgical skills training.     

Protein and energy concentrations of meat meal and meat and bone meal fed to pigs based on in vitro assays

The objective of this study was to develop equations for estimating ileal digestible crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents of meat meal (MM) and meat and bone meal (MBM) as feed ingredients for pigs based on in vitro assays. Test ingredients were 4 sources of MM and 3 sources of MBM. Ash and CP contents of the ingredients ranged from 3.8% to 33.1% and 46.8% to 82.9% (as-is basis), respectively. In vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) of CP was determined and ileal digestible CP content was calculated by multiplying CP content by IVID of CP. In vitro total tract disappearance (IVTTD) of dry matter (DM) was determined and ME was calculated using gross energy, CP contents, and IVTTD of DM. The IVID of CP and IVTTD of DM ranged from 77.2% to 88.7% and from 82.7% to 92.4%, respectively. Calculated ileal digestible CP and ME contents ranged from 37.8% to 73.5% DM and 2,405 to 3,905 kcal/kg DM, respectively. Ash contents were negatively correlated (P < 0.001) with CP (r = −0.99), in vitro ileal digestible CP (r = −0.97), gross energy (r = −1.00), in vitro digestible energy (r = −0.97), and adjusted ME (r = −0.97). The most fitting equations for ileal digestible CP and adjusted ME were: ileal digestible CP (% DM) = 11.91 − 0.90 × Ash (% DM) + 0.74 × IVID of CP (%) (R² = 0.99) and adjusted ME (kcal/kg DM) = 130.85 − 50.90 × ash (% DM) + 47.06 × IVTTD of DM (%) (R² = 0.99). To validate the accuracy of the prediction equations for ME, mean bias and linear bias were determined using a regression analysis. Calculated ME values of MM and MBM were in a good agreement with data obtained from animal experiments based on a statistically insignificant bias in the models. In conclusion, ME concentrations of MM and MBM as swine feed ingredients can be calculated using ash concentration and in vitro disappearance of dry matter.     

实例教学法在建筑电气施工图识图教学中的运用--以人为本，学以致用

文章针对识图教学过程中运用实例教学的重要性进行阐述,并针对实例教学法在建筑电气施工识图教学中的应用加以探讨,以提供理论参考。     

基于灰色关联法的小型农田水利工程建设项目绩效评价研究

运用灰色关联法原理,采用均方差法计算指标权重,根据近年来湖北省进行小型农田水利工程建设项目绩效评价的实际情况,建立了小型农田水利工程建设项目评价定性定量混合指标体系和模型,应用该模型和方法对湖北省2012年第二批20个小农水重点县工程建设项目进行了评价(作为研究,各县、市名以汉语拼音字头代替)。结果表明:LHK、SSS、ZJS、DJK、XTS等14个县为优秀,XCX、TMS、JSX等5个县为良好,CYX为一般,无及格等级的重点县。评价结果与实际基本相符。证明本文所提出的模型和方法可应用于实际,是一种快速便捷的评价工具。     

粉煤灰磁粉表面化学镀铜的研究

粉煤灰磁粉是热电厂生产过程产生的固体废弃物粉煤灰中的一种成分,由于其有内在的磁性和微导电性,通过表面金属化后,能用于制备电磁屏蔽和吸波材料。笔者采用置换反应法在粉煤灰空心磁粉表面进行了化学镀铜的研究。扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDX)分析结果表明,该化学镀方法能在其表面获得良好性能的金属镀层。     

SrNi2Fe16O27铁氧体的合成与性能研究

采用柠檬酸法合成出超微W型铁氧体。用XRD、VSM测试其结构和磁性能。试验结果表明,该法在1000℃制得的铁氧体性能优于其他方法制得的铁氧体,控制pH值、水量和柠檬酸的量对铁氧体的结构和磁性能都有一定的影响。     

用层次分析法决策喷灌规划设计方案

在喷灌工程规划设计过程中,正确地选用规划设计方案,实际是一个综合分析决策的过程。主要应考虑的因素中,有些可定量,有些则是无法定量的。如何对非定量因素作定量分析,进而对整个喷灌规划设计方案作出评价决策,层次分析法是解决这类问题简洁、有效、实用的方法。     

春小麦耐热性的筛选方法与指标

利用５１份春小麦材料对３种耐热性方法进行了研究评价。供试材料在田间通过晚播计算各基因型的粒重感热指数（Ｓｅ）或于籽粒浆期用塑料简棚进行遮盖处理并计算千料重感热指数（Ｓｇ）评价其耐热性，而在室骨采用膜热稳定性测定方法，以相对热损伤率（ＲＩ％）大小评价基因型的耐热性。相关分析表明：Ｓｅ在年际间和年份内的相关系数均呈极显著高度正相关，从而具有较好的重演性，而ＲＩ％与Ｓｇ呈显著正相关说明基因型的热稳定性大