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81.
发展生物质能源的潜力和空间巨大,为林业发展提供了新的契机。把握生物质能源发展的战略机遇,确立森工林区经济发展的新增长点。 相似文献
82.
Effects of NaCl on seed germination, leaf gas exchange and seedling growth were investigated. The germination of P. tatarinowii seeds was delayed in the presence of NaCl, and was significantly inhibited when NaCl concentration exceeded 17 mM (1.0 g·L−1). NaCl treatments induced reductions of transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate and their reductions
were significant with the increasing of NaCl concentration. However, intercellular CO2 concentration in seedling leaves under salt stress was significantly higher than that of controls. There was a significant
reduction in survival, basal diameter increment and height increment with increasing NaCl concentration 50 days after NaCl
treatment, and a significant reduction in the dry weight increment of roots, stems, and leaves was also observed in the NaCl
treatments. The deleterious effect on the biomass increment was more evident in the case of stems and leaves. Results from
this study suggest that P. tatarinowii is sensitive to salinity stress and the salinity threshold for seedling growth might be less 34 mM (2.0 g·L−1).
Biography: FANG Sheng-zuo (1963–), male, Professor, College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing
210037, P. R. China. 相似文献
83.
84.
油桐林生物量和养分循环的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对不同生育期的油桐林生物量和大量营养元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg)的生物循环进行了研究。结果表明,桐林的生物量随树龄的增大逐渐积累,从幼龄期开始到20年生的桐林,其生物量的积累值为79,61t/ha。桐林不同生育期的光合产物在各器官中的分配比例不同。经济产量(果生物量或种仁生物量)随树龄的动态变化服从二次抛物线函数:W_(FR)=-2.11398+0.82471(t-1)-0.03540(t-1)~2W_S=-1.37257+0.38539t-0.01706t~2不同生育期,桐林中大量营养元素的吸收量、存留量、归还量和输出量均不同。 相似文献
85.
Populus deltoides Bartr., a native of North America, is generally grown in India above latitude 28 °N. One hundred and six clones were evaluated for four years at Raipur situated at 21°12N latitude and 81°36E longitude. These were grown on vertisol soil. Based on growth and survival performance in the nursery for two successive years, nineteen clones were selected for field evaluation. The best five clones (G3, G48, 65/27, D121 and S7C1) were planted in an agrisilviculture system at a spacing of 4 × 4 m with soybean grown as an intercrop. After 4 years these clones had an increment of DBH by 66.5 to 77.5% and of height by 42.2 to 78.6% within one year when compared to that observed at 3 years of age. In rank order of growth the best five clones were 65/27 > G3 > D121 > G48 > S7C1. Total biomass varied between 20.9 to 35.8 Mg ha–1 in different clones. Among the tree components, stemwood accounted for 52–61% of the total biomass, followed by branches (20–25%), bark (9–13%) and leaves (7–10%). No significant variation between net primary productivity and photosynthetic efficiency was found in different clones. Soybean productivity decreased as the trees aged, reaching 40.5 to 58.1% in 4-year-old trees. 相似文献
86.
87.
The North American long-term soil productivity experiment: Findings from the first decade of research 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Robert F. Powers D. Andrew Scott Felipe G. Sanchez Richard A. Voldseth Deborah Page-Dumroese John D. Elioff Douglas M. Stone 《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,220(1-3):31-50
First decade findings on the impacts of organic matter removal and soil compaction are reported for the 26 oldest installations in the nation-wide network of long-term soil productivity sites. Complete removal of surface organic matter led to declines in soil C concentration to 20 cm depth and to reduced nutrient availability. The effect is attributed mainly to the loss of the forest floor. Soil C storage seemed undiminished, but could be explained by bulk density changes following disturbance and to decomposition inputs of organic C from roots remaining from the harvested forest. Biomass removal during harvesting had no influence on forest growth through 10 years. Soil compaction effects depended upon initial bulk density. Soils with densities greater than 1.4 Mg m−3 resisted compaction. Density recovery was slow, particularly on soils with frigid temperature regimes. Forest productivity response to soil compaction depended both on soil texture and the degree of understory competition. Production declined on compacted clay soils, increased on sands, and generally was unaffected if an understory was absent. 相似文献
88.
E.A. Pinkard C. Mohammed C.L. Beadle M.F. Hall D. Worledge A. Mollon 《Forest Ecology and Management》2004,200(1-3):263-277
Detailed studies have been undertaken to define pruning regimes for Eucalyptus nitens, but little is known of E. globulus responses to pruning although this is a more commonly planted species. This paper describes experiments that aimed to identify (a) levels of pruning that reduce E. globulus growth, (b) physiological processes contributing to those growth responses, (c) the incidence of decay and factors influencing decay incidence following pruning of E. globulus, and (d) comparative responses of E. nitens and E. globulus to live branch pruning. Results of a field experiment indicated that removal of between 30 and 50% of the crown length was appropriate for E. globulus plantations verging on canopy closure. The significant reduction in height growth associated with removal of 50 or 70% of crown length suggested pruning should remain below 50% of crown length if reduced stem growth of pruned trees was to be avoided. Stem volume was only significantly reduced over the period of the experiment by 70% pruning, but it was estimated that standing volume following removal of 50% of crown length would be reduced by 82 m3 ha−1 over a 20-year rotation if there were no other silvicultural interventions. The growth responses observed were probably related to large reductions in leaf area following 50 or 70% removal of crown length. Trees responded to pruning by changing patterns of biomass partitioning to favour stem growth at the expense of branch growth. A glasshouse study determined that light-saturated net CO2 uptake (Amax) increased following pruning. E. nitens seedlings had both a higher baseline Amax and higher Amax following pruning than did E. globulus, which could partially explain the greater effect of pruning on E. globulus growth than has been observed for E. nitens in other studies. This result, as well as apparently different patterns of foliage distribution through the crowns of E. globulus and E. nitens, suggested that models of pruning responses need to be parameterised for both species. In addition, a more conservative pruning regime may be appropriate for E. globulus than E. nitens. Pruning increased the frequency of branch traces with decay infection, and there was a trend towards increasing decay outbreaks with increasing pruning severity. Decay outbreaks were more likely to occur following pruning of high angle or larger diameter branches. 相似文献
89.
Carly Green Brian Tobin Michael O’Shea Edward P. Farrell Kenneth A. Byrne 《European Journal of Forest Research》2007,126(2):179-188
Reporting carbon (C) stocks in tree biomass (above- and belowground) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) should be transparent and verifiable. The development of nationally specific data is considered ‘good practice’
to assist in meeting these reporting requirements. From this study, biomass functions were developed for estimating above-
and belowground C stock in a 19-year-old stand of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong) Carr.). Our estimates were then tested against current default values used for reporting in Ireland and literature
equations. Ten trees were destructively sampled to develop aboveground and tree component biomass equations. The roots were
excavated and a root:shoot (R) ratio developed to estimate belowground biomass. Application of the total aboveground biomass function yielded a C stock
estimate for the stand of 74 tonnes C ha−1, with an uncertainty of 7%. The R ratio was determined to be 0.23, with an uncertainty of 10%. The C stock estimate of the belowground biomass component was
then calculated to be 17 tonnes C ha−1, with an uncertainty of 12%. The equivalent C stock estimate from the biomass expansion factor (BEF) method, applying Ireland’s
currently reported default values for BEF (inclusive of belowground biomass), wood density and C concentration and methods
for estimating volume, was found to be 60 tonnes C ha−1, with an uncertainty of 26%. We found that volume tables, currently used for determining merchantable timber volume in Irish
forestry conditions, underestimated volume since they did not extend to the yield of the forest under investigation. Mean
stock values for belowground biomass compared well with that generated using published models. 相似文献
90.