葡萄果实发育后期脱落酸来源的研究

  以‘品丽珠’(Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet-Franc) 葡萄为试材, 对发育后期果实中脱落酸(ABA) 的来源进行了研究。结果表明, 叶片合成的ABA 可能是果实中ABA 的重要来源, 而根部ABA 的合成对果实中ABA 含量贡献不大。种子中ABA 的合成可能不是果肉中ABA 的重要来源。果实具有独立合成和降解ABA 的能力。对果实内ABA 含量变化的代谢调控问题进行了讨论。     

北五味子优良家系选择及设施栽培技术

五味子家系间果粒数、果径、单果重3个性状差异极显著,通过对果实性状进行变异分析与综合评价,确定02号、10号、03号家系为优良家系,且3个家系单果重量较对照(CK)分别提高33.24%、26.73%、15.86%,果实直径较对照(CK)分别提高9.28%、12.06%、16.16%。设施栽培采取50cm×50cm×35cm穴状定植方式,株行距0.35m×1.00m;以多枝蔓形式整形效果最佳,全株保留2～4条主蔓,主蔓间距15～20cm,并在主蔓枝上每20～30cm培养一个固定结果枝。     

浆果类果实采后病害及天然产物对其的抑制作用研究

浆果类水果作为重要的经济作物,在世界范围内均有种植.然而,由病原真菌引起的采后病害,是浆果类水果减产的主要原因,造成了巨大的经济损失.本文系统地阐述了浆果类水果包括草莓、蓝莓、葡萄、猕猴桃、石榴等在内的浆果类水果采后的主要致病菌,以及植物提取物、精油、壳聚糖和拮抗菌等天然产物对果实采后致病真菌的抑菌效果,为采后浆果类水...     

玫瑰香葡萄浆果生长发育动态及其变化特点

‘玫瑰香’葡萄浆果生长动态为双Ｓ形曲线，可划分为三个时期。糖酸含量随果实发育呈规律性变化。内源细胞分裂素和脱落酸在浆果各部分含量不同，并与浆果发育密切相关。种子发育初期，粗蛋白的含量最高，以后迅速下降。脂肪的积累主要在浆果发育的缓慢期，并和浆果缓慢期的出现有密切关系。     

Measuring and modeling stomatal conductance of cucumber crop in solar greenhouse in Northeast China

Stomatal conductance (G_s), net photosynthesis (A_n) and environmental variables were measured from October 2006 to January 2007 under stable soil water content in solar greenhouse in Northeast China. Seventy percent of the measurements were used to parameterize the G_s models and others were used to validate these models. The diurnal variations of G_s were bimodal curves in early period and unimodal curves in latter period. The Ball–Berry model was run by using either observed A_n (B_Aobs-model) or predicted A_n (B_Apred-model), which was simulated from environmental variables. The B_Apred-model performed less successful than statistical models because of the systematic error in predicting A_n. The B_Aobs-model performed well (explained 89% of observed G_s) in the present study. Several statistical methodologies (Partial Least Square, PLS; Neural Net Analysis, NNA) were used to build models to predict G_s. PLS analysis found a high number of components, and the overall components explained 87% of the observed G_s variability. We tested four neural net models and found radial basis function network (RBF) performed the best. In most situations, measurements of photosynthesis are not available and G_s must be predicted from environmental data. In such case, we conclude that the PLS and NNA are more successful in predicting G_s of cucumber crop in solar greenhouse than the Ball–Berry model.     

《木材的合唱》中生态神学思想微探——基于莫尔特曼的生态神学思想

《木材的合唱》是美国四大著名生态诗人（A.R.安蒙斯、温德尔·贝里、W.S.默温和盖瑞·斯奈德）之一温德尔·贝里的诗歌集,其中蕴含了丰富的生态神学思想,本文基于德国著名神学家犹根·莫尔特曼＂生态神学思想＂,即＂生态创造论、生态自然观和人类的解放＂三个方面的理念探索该部作品中蕴含的生态神学思想,从而得出结论：虽然生态问题引起了各界的重视,而生态神学思想的探讨在国内仍然比较缺乏,尤其是将其运用在温德尔·贝里的诗歌分析中的探讨更是缺乏,但是生态神学思想可以从思想层面规范人类的行为,因此必须重视对此的探讨,另一方面,由于目前国内对温德尔·贝里的研究还处于萌芽阶段,因此对其他诗歌的分析应当加以重视。     

不同架式晚红葡萄浆果膨大期光合特性研究

采用LI-6400便携式光合测定仪,分析了立体棚架、篱架、平棚架3种架式晚红葡萄浆果膨大期架面上、中、下不同部位叶片的净光合速率日变化及光合作用对光强的响应。结果表明:3种架式不同部位晚红葡萄叶片的净光合速率日变化相似,有光合午休现象,均表现出双峰曲线,首峰出现在10:00左右,次峰小于首峰,出现在15:00左右;在光合生理指标中,立体棚架的净光合速率和叶绿素均高于篱架和平棚架,差异达显著和极显著水平;通过光响应曲线可知,3种架式不同部位叶片的光补偿点为8.19~32.32μmol/(m2.s),光饱和点在1 800μmol/(m2.s)左右。立体棚架葡萄具有高光效和高产的光合特性。     

Variation of Vitamin C Concentration and Character Correlation between and within Natural Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Populations

Abstract

To study the variation of vitamin C concentration between and within populations and genotypes, 701 berry samples from 71 bushes representing 10 Finnish populations of Hippophae rhamnoides were analysed. The vitamin C concentration varied from 28 to 201 mg/100 g of berries among bushes, from 60 to 122 mg among the populations. Significant differences were found between genotypes and populations, indicating that vitamin C concentration is under genetic control. Though it was significant, the correlation between vitamin C concentration and berry size was very weak (r = -0.316). The results indicated that it should be possible to improve the two characters by simultaneous selection.     

Effect of water deficit on Merlot grape tannins and anthocyanins across four seasons

Tannins and anthocyanins impart important sensory attributes and potential health benefits in wine. The effect of water deficits (WDs) on fruit growth, anthocyanins, and skin tannins was investigated in field grown Vitis vinifera L. ‘Merlot’ berries across four seasons (2004, 2005, 2007, and 2008) by imposing deficits from the onset of ripening until maturity. WD reduced berry weight and increased the concentration of anthocyanins all four seasons, and increased the concentration of tannins three of four seasons. Under WD, anthocyanin concentration at harvest (mg/g of berry fresh weight) was 53.0–61.6% greater than in Controls (C), and anthocyanin content (mg/berry) was 28.7–35.3% greater than in C. By contrast, WD increased tannin concentration (mg/g of berry fresh weight) at harvest by 12.6–36.9% compared to C in 2004, 2005, and 2008, and did not influence the concentration in 2007. Tannin content (mg/berry) at harvest was unaffected except in 2004 when it was 25.7% greater than in C. Thus, water deficits consistently increased anthocyanin concentration by increasing content per berry and reducing fruit growth, but increased tannin concentration less and only by reducing fruit growth, except in one year where the tannin content was increased. These results demonstrate that management of vine water deficit during ripening is a much more effective tool to increase anthocyanins than tannins in Merlot grapes.