一阶导数光谱法测定沙苑子总黄酮的含量

采用一阶导数紫外分光光度法,以273 nm为检测波长,建立沙苑子(Astragalus complanatus)总黄酮的含量测定方法.结果表明,平均回收率为100.3％,RSD为0.88％.该方法简便易行,快速准确.     

宝兴鼠尾草的有效成分提取及含量测定

采用超声提取法、回流提取法及索氏提取法对宝兴鼠尾草有效成分的提取效果进行比较,并采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对所提取成分含量进行测定,并与栽培丹参的相应成分进行比较.结果表明:对于样品中的脂溶性成分,超声提取法以低温、高效的特点明显优于其他2种方法;而对于水溶性成分,索氏提取4h的效果更佳;对其含量分析表明,宝兴鼠尾草的脂溶性成分含量较高,其中丹参酮IIA的含量达到枟中国药典枠规定,但水溶性成分含量偏低.说明宝兴鼠尾草具有一定的药用价值,但能否作为丹参代用品有待进一步研究.     

七叶树研究进展及开发利用

概括了七叶树的生态地理分布、生物学特性、繁育技术,并探讨了七叶树的利用价值,旨在为七叶树的保护开发提供理论依据。     

内蒙古阴山北部黄芪种植试验研究

利用农业气候相似原理,通过对黄芪种植地区的气候条件进行分析,得出在阴山北部地区推广黄芪种植的可行性。并结合引种对比、小区田间试验,对在阴山北部地区推广黄芪种植效果进行了分析。试验结果表明,阴山北部地区属黄芪适宜种植区,最佳播种期为早春或晚秋。阴山北部地域辽阔,多坡梁地,在该地区种植价值较高的黄芪草药,可起到固土护坡、防止风蚀沙化、改善生态环境、充分利用气候资源的作用。建议扩大种植规模,加快发展山区经济步伐。     

Effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on expression of HSP70, PKB and P53 in rat cerebral cortex with cerebral ischemia and reperfusion

AIM:To explore the molecular effects of Astragalus polysaccharide(AP) on improving nervous functions and preventing neuronal apoptosis in rat cerebral cortex with cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS:One hundred and twenty male Wister rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(SOG), model groups(MG-1 d, 3 d and 7 d), low-dose AP treatment groups(L-APTG-1 d, 3 d and 7 d), and high-dose AP treatment groups(H-APTG-1 d, 3 d and 7 d). The right middle cerebral artery of the rats in MG and AGTG was intercepted by operation to induce ischemic brain injury. The rats in L-APTG and H-APTG were treated with AP at the doses of 5 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, respectively. On the 1st day, 3rd day and 7th day after operation, those animals were sacrificed to collect the brain specimens for the study after cerebral blood flow reperfusion and determination of neurological deficit scores. The structural changes of the neurons were observed under electron microscope. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein levels of heat-shock protein 70(HSP70), protein kinase B(PKB) and P53 in cerebral corical neurons were determined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. RESULTS:The neurological deficit scores and the apoptotic rate of cerebral cortical neurons in H-APTG were significantly lower than those in MG and L-APTG(P<0.05). The structures of the neurons in H-APTG, such as ribosome endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus, Golgi complex, mitochondria, etc, were better than those in MG and L-APTG. On the 1st day, 3rd day and 7th day, the protein levels of HSP70 and PKB in cerebral cortical neurons in H-APTG were significantly higher than those in L-APTG, which were significantly higher than those in MG(P<0.05). However, the P53 protein level in H-APTG was significantly lower than that in L-APTG, which was significantly lower than that in MG(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:AP improves nervous functions and inhibits neuronal apoptosis during ischemia and reperfusion. The molecular mechanisms are associated with variations of protein expression in cerebral cortical neurons, such as promotion of HSP70 and PKB and inhibition of P53.     

水分胁迫对紫荆生理的影响

以2a生紫荆为试材,探讨水分胁迫对其生理的影响,为园林绿地中紫荆的灌溉提供理论指导。结果表明:水淹和干旱胁迫明显影响紫荆的生长。水淹4d后,表现为qP值、ETR值、净光合速率的明显下降,7d后植株死亡。处理20d后,干旱胁迫(土壤含水量低于8.1%)严重抑制植株的生长,表现为qP、ETR、Fv′/Fm′、Fv/Fm、叶片含水量、净光合速率的急剧降低,及Fo的升高,处理23d后植物死亡。长时间的中度干旱(含水量日变化在8%～15%之间)影响紫荆的生长,表现为qP值、ETR值、净光合速率、Trmmol偏低。轻度干旱适宜植物生长,表现为3次测定的qP、ETR、净光合速率都较高。土壤含水量日变化在15%～25%以内受轻度水分胁迫是园林中紫荆的最佳灌溉方式,既不影响景观效果,同时也能节约灌溉用水。     

不同肥料与AM真菌配施对沙打旺品质的影响

【目的】研究不同肥料与AM真菌配施对沙打旺品质的影响。【方法】以沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens Pall.)牧草为宿主植物,选用摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)作为AM真菌,并选用尿素、碳酸氢铵作为氮肥,磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙作为磷肥,氯化钾、硫酸钾作为钾肥,在施用以上肥料的基础上,分别设计接种AM真菌和不接种AM真菌2种处理,待植物生长6个月后,采集新鲜植株,测定全株的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、钙、磷和粗纤维含量;之后利用灰色关联度分析方法,对不同处理沙打旺的以上6种营养指标进行综合分析,从中筛选出对牧草品质影响显著的AM真菌与肥料类型组合。【结果】施用尿素、碳酸氢铵、磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙、氯化钾和硫酸钾时,接种AM真菌对沙打旺粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、钙、磷和粗纤维含量的影响有差异,其中粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量均以AM真菌与硫酸钾配施处理最高,分别为4.720,0.900 g/kg;灰分、钙含量以单施磷酸一铵处理最高,分别为10.060 g/kg和7 984 mg/kg;磷含量以AM真菌与碳酸氢铵配施处理最高,为861.9 mg/kg;粗纤维含量以单施氯化钾处理最高,为6.815%。灰色关联度分析结果显示,不同处理关联度由高到低的顺序为硫酸钾与AM真菌配施处理单施磷酸一铵处理单施过磷酸钙处理过磷酸钙与AM真菌配施处理碳酸氢铵与AM真菌配施处理单施氯化钾处理单施尿素处理尿素与AM真菌配施处理氯化钾与AM真菌配施处理磷酸一铵与AM真菌配施处理单施碳酸氢铵处理单施硫酸钾处理,可知硫酸钾与AM真菌配施处理沙打旺的品质最好,单施硫酸钾的最差;磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙分别与AM真菌配施处理沙打旺品质均低于单施磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙处理,说明AM真菌抑制了2种磷肥的肥效。【结论】不同类型肥料与AM真菌配施对沙打旺牧草品质影响存在促生效应、抑制效应或中性效应,其中硫酸钾与AM真菌配施对改善沙打旺牧草品质具有良好的协同作用。     

嫁接时间和处理方式对文冠果嵌芽接成活率的影响

为快速繁育文冠果优良品种,以1年生播种苗为砧木,采集5年生良种母株饱满芽,开展文冠果嵌芽接试验。结果表明,不同嫁接时间和处理方式对嵌芽接成活率影响显著,8月下旬在砧木背光面嫁接带木质部的饱满芽,自下而上(覆瓦状)缠膜,接后折断砧木上部枝条,嵌芽最易成活,成活率高达85%。     

不同来源文冠果成品苗造林表现

对3个不同来源地的文冠果成品苗造林后的成活率及生育指标研究表明,成活率高低依次为中神木浩泽一年生成品苗(本地自育苗)、榆林佳县3年生成品苗、甘肃西北文冠果基地3年生成品苗。就地育苗就地移栽的浩泽一年生成品苗造林成活率高达93.33%,且第1年的生长量明显高于其他两个来源的。文冠果造林应在本地育苗。     

Influence of Bcl-2 inhibitor on Astragalus injection-reduced expression of caspase-3 in rat hippocampal neurons with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation

AIM: To observe the influence of Bcl-2 inhibitor on the expression of caspase-3 reduced by Astra-galus injection in rat hippocampal neurons with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). METHODS: The primary rat hippocampal neurons cultured in vitro for 8 d were chosen and randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control group, model group (OGD/R group), Astragalus injection group, Astragalus injection solvent (sterile deionized water)group, Bcl-2 inhibitor group and Bcl-2 inhibitor with Astragalus injection group. The cells in all groups were tested 24 h after they were treated with reoxygenation after deprived of oxygen and glucose for 30 min except normal control group. The cell type and rate of positive cells were observed by immunohistochemistry. The protein levels of Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in the hippocampal neurons were measured by Western blotting. The mRNA expression of caspase-3 was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with normal control group, the caspase-3 positive rate of the cells, the protein levels of Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3, and the mRNA expression of caspase-3 in model group enhanced significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with model group, the expression of Bcl-2 in Astragalus injection group obviously enhanced, while the caspase-3 positive rate of the cells, the protein level of cleaved caspase-3 and the mRNA expression of caspase-3 in the Astragalus injection group decreased significantly (P < 0.05). No significant difference in injection solvent group, Bcl-2 inhibitor group and Bcl-2 inhibitor with Astragalus injection group was observed (P > 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 was decreased sharply in Bcl-2 inhibitor group and Bcl-2 inhibitor with Astragalus injection group. CONCLUSION: Bcl-2 inhibitor antagonizes the inhibitory effect of Astragalus injection on caspase-3 expression in rat hippocamal neurons with OGD/R, which may be one of the possible target for the inhibitory action of Astragalus injection on the apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurons induced by OGD/R.