The influence of abiotic stress conditions on dough mixing characteristics of two hard red spring wheat cultivars

Two commercial hard red spring wheat cultivars were exposed to high and low temperatures, as well as drought stress when the main tiller kernels were at the soft dough stage. The trial was done in the greenhouse for two consecutive seasons to determine the effects of these stress conditions on protein content, SDS sedimentation and selected Mixsmart characteristics. Heat stress had the largest effect on mixing characteristics. Heat and drought stress caused a significant increase in flour protein content of both cultivars and had similar effects on mixing characteristics. The Mixsmart characteristics associated with dough strength were increased by heat and drought stress. Cold stress caused a slight increase in protein content of the cultivars, but in general caused a reduction in dough strength as measured with Mixsmart characteristics. The reaction of Mixsmart characteristics to heat and drought stress was much larger in Duzi than in Kariega, confirming that there is a large genotype effect in rheological characteristics.     

房干村石灰岩山地植物群落数量分类与排序研究

在群落样方调查基础上,采用双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN)和除趋势对应分析(DCA)对莱芜房干村植物群落进行了数量分类和排序。TWINSPAN将20个样方分为7组,根据植被分类的原则划分为7个群落,论述了各群落的群落学特征。20个样方的DCA排序结果反映了植物群落类型与环境梯度之间的关系,表明影响群落分布格局的主要生态因子为海拔高度和坡向。     

农村沼气“协会领办”服务模式的研究与实践——以江西省万安县为例

介绍了江西省万安县"协会领办"的农村沼气服务模式,并进一步探索了该模式的创新点,即组织建立了较完善的农村沼气服务管理体系和网络,明确各级服务机构的职能和责任;建立了对服务网点的服务全过程进行考核评价的长效管理机制,保障服务效果;建立了"三个全覆盖"服务内容,拓展了网点受益面,稳定了沼气服务队伍。     

利用SLAF-seq结合BSA方法发掘大豆种皮色相关基因

种皮色不仅是一个形态标记,还是一种重要的进化性状,与大豆商品性、营养价值以及抗性关系密切.本研究以黄色种皮大豆品系BMY及其褐色种皮衍生品系BMZ为亲本,从F2群体中分别挑选出黄色种皮和褐色种皮的植株各9株,构建了两个极端性状混合池DNA文库,借助SLAF-seq和BSA技术,挖掘大豆种皮色性状相关候选基因.对于26 ...     

瓠瓜(Lagenaria siceraria)白粉病抗性的全基因组关联分析

白粉病是瓜类作物重要病害之一。本研究采用苗期人工接种方法,研究了117份瓠瓜微核心种质对白粉病的抗性,并基于不同材料的病情指数和基因型数据,进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association analysis,GWAS)。利用2014年和2018年的抗病表型数据,分别鉴定到22个和13个与白粉病抗性相关的SNPs,其中2个SNPs位点在两年试验中同时被检测到。进一步研究发现不同瓠瓜材料的白粉病抗性与其携带有利等位变异数目成正相关。本研究为克隆瓠瓜抗白粉病相关基因、研究其抗病机制提供科学依据,促进了瓠瓜抗白粉病分子育种。     

农民用水者协会监测评价初探

以农民用水者协会的发展来说明对农民用水者协会进行监测评价的目的和意义。并通过陕西省关中9大灌区农民用水者协会的监测数据和调研资料,论证了农民用水者协会是灌区管理体制改革的方向与主要模式,分析了协会的主要成效,探讨了影响协会发展的原因,并针对存在的问题提出了相应的改进意见与建议。     

中国竹产业协会竹产业装备分会 服务竹产业机械装备创新 赋能竹产业高质量发展

中国竹产业协会竹产业装备分会成立于2021年12月10日,是由从事竹装备生产、加工、贸易、科研、教学和管理的单位和个人自愿组成的全国性非营利行业社会组织,现有会员单位51家。分会宗旨是推动机械装备与竹产业升级融合,服务政府、企业和用户,促进竹产业发展。文章总结了竹产业装备分会在创新管理机制,构建合作平台,探索发展新路径方面所开展的工作,并规划了下一步的工作重点,即科学决策,联合攻关,树立竹装备品牌。     

Apriori算法在棉花病虫害分析中的应用

为了快速准确地掌握棉花虫害发生趋势,提高虫情测报的时效性和准确性,采用Apriori算法数据挖掘关联规则,对棉花上的3种害虫棉铃虫、棉叶螨、棉蚜的发生趋势进行综合分析。通过Apriori算法寻找出了气候因素与棉花三大害虫的发生发展有密切的关系,尤其气温变化直接影响到棉花害虫的发生种类、发生期及发生量。联规则数据挖掘技术,在处理大量农业信息数据中起着非常重要的作用,Apriori算法在棉花病虫测报工作中将是一项新的技术,具有非常广泛的应用前景。     

Transfer of chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides and polychlorinated biphenyls from particles to membranes studied by quenching of fluorescence

Hydrophobic chlorinated hydrocarbons are adsorbed onto particles in the environment. Thus, uptake of chlorinated hydrocarbons into organisms is likely to be from the particle-adsorbed state. We investigated the transfer of chlorinated hydrocarbons from particles to phospholipid membranes, quantified by quenching of the fluorescence of a carbazole-labeled phospholipid which was used to label the membranes. The chlorinated hydrocarbons studied included DDT, DDE, methoxychlor, lindane, stirofos, and several polychlorinated biphenyls. The particles studied were porous glass, kaolinite, cellulose, and silica. Transfer of chlorinated hydrocarbons from particles to vesicles was independent of the chlorinated hydrocarbon concentration. The transfer rate did not depend on binding of lipids to particles, and was independent of the lipid composition of the vesicles. Membrane uptake of chlorinated hydrocarbons from the particle-adsorbed state was more rapid than uptake from the microcrystalline state, and uptake was faster when the chlorinated hydrocarbons were dispersed over larger particle surface areas. The transfer rates of chlorinated hydrocarbons correlated with their aqueous solubilities. In total, these results indicate that chlorinated hydrocarbons are transferred through the aqueous phase. We judge the rate-limiting step in membrane uptake to be the rate of solubilization of the chlorinated hydrocarbons from the particles into the bulk aqueous phase. Adsorption of chlorinated hydrocarbons onto particles may enhance the transfer rate by dispersing the chlorinated hydrocarbons and making them more available for solubilization in the bulk aqueous phase. The data are correlated with a model that assumes diffusion across an unstirred aqueous layer which interfaces with the bulk aqueous phase and the particle.