蛋白质电泳中考马斯亮蓝R 250染色方法的优化与改进

为了优化与改进蛋白质电泳中传统考马斯亮蓝（Coomassie brilliant blue,CBB）R 250染色法凝胶背景深、脱色时间长、试剂消耗多等弊端,通过优化试验,建立了一种简单经济的 CBB R 250染色方法。与传统方法相比,该方法在染色液配制中降低了甲醇、冰醋酸的比例,增加了硫酸铵成分,从而有效改善了染色效果,改进后的方法,染色几乎无背景,不需专用脱色液,只需用清水洗涤即可观察效果,大大缩短了试验时间,节约了成本,值得推广应用。     

刺参岩藻聚糖含量的研究

以木瓜蛋白酶水解比色法测定刺参中岩藻聚糖的含量。水解液经次甲基蓝染色,在560nm处有最大吸收波长。吸光度与刺参中岩藻聚糖含量成正比。测定的刺参酸性粘多糖回归方程:y=-0.0189 0.0345x;r=0.9991。并研究了6种不同产地的刺参中岩藻聚糖的含量。     

Replacement of fish meal protein by surimi by‐product protein in the diet of blue gourami Trichogaster trichopterus fingerlings

Based on the nutrient requirement of Trichogaster trichopterus, a fish meal–based basal diet with 350 g/kg diet crude protein and 16.7 MJ/kg energy was formulated, in which the fish meal protein was replaced by surimi by‐product protein at 0.0 (control), 12.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels. The formulated diets were fed ad libitum to T. trichopterus fingerlings (4.80 ± 0.03 g) in triplicate groups for 45 days in a closed water system. Eighteen fibre‐reinforced plastic tanks with 200 l of water were used for rearing the fish. Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed/gain ratio, protein efficiency ratio, nutrient retention and digestibility (protein and energy) of fish were not affected (p > 0.05) up to 50% fish meal protein replacement level by surimi by‐product protein. While whole‐body protein content of fish was marginally decreased, the lipid content was increased with increase in surumi by‐product incorporation level in the diet. The study results suggest that the fish meal protein, which is scarce and costly nowadays, could be replaced up to 50% by surimi by‐product protein in the diet of blue gourami without hampering the growth and nutrient utilization of fish.     

Determination of total sulfur in soils and plant materials by ion chromatography

Abstract

An accurate and precise ion Chromatographie (IC) method is described for determination of total S in soils and plant materials. It involves ignition of a mixture of soil and NaHCO₃or plant material and NaHCO₃containing Ag₂O at 550°C for 3 h. The residue is dissolved in 1MHOAc, diluted with deionized water, filtered, and analyzed for S0^2‐ ₄by a Dionex model 2002i ion Chromatograph. Results by the IC method of seven Iowa soils, three Chilean soils, and 10 plant materials agreed closely with those obtained by the methylene blue method after alkaline oxidation with NaOBr. In general, the IC method was more precise than the methylene blue method. The method is simple and requires a minimum of analytical skill. A single operator can analyze 30–40 soil or plant samples in a normal working day.     

Determination of Phosphate in Selective Extractions for Soil Iron Oxides by the Molybdenum Blue Method in an Automated Continuance Flow Injection System

Phosphorus (P) mobility and bioavailability in soil depend on the pools in which it resides. The identification of such pools is essential for the full understanding of P behavior in soil. We evaluated the molybdenum-blue ascorbic-acid method in an automated continuous flow injection analyzer (MB-FIA) to analyze P in two selective soil extractions for soil iron oxide (i.e., the acid ammonium oxalate, AAO, and citrate–dithionite, CD, procedures). Uninterrupted development of the color reaction was obtained at citrate and oxalate concentrations less than 50 mM and 35 mM, corresponding to molybdate/citrate and molybdate/oxalate molar ratios of 2.4 and 3.4, respectively. High precision (% RSD, 1.7 ± 1.3% for CD and 2.9 ± 3.7% for AAO), accuracy, and recoveries (105.7 ± 1.0% for CD and 99.8 ± 3.8% for AAO) were obtained. This study demonstrates the utility of the MB-FIA system for the determination of AAO- and CD-extractable inorganic P.     

绿变大蒜蓝色素的制备及理化活性(英文)

为了进一步明确大蒜绿变物质的结构及性质,该研究对绿变产物进行分离制备并探索了其相关理化活性。从绿变大蒜中提取出绿变产物,并通过AmberliteCG-50和SephadexLH-20两步纯化制备得到了蓝色素的纯化产品,其色价为76.7。对色素的理化性质进行了研究,结果表明蓝色素在酸性条件pH值7时稳定;对热处理也比较稳定,60℃以下加热处理对色素影响较小;长时间的日光照射会使蓝色素有较大的损失;一些常见的金属离子Cu2+、Zn2+、Al3+、Fe2+的存在对蓝绿色素几乎没有影响,Fe3+的存在会使色素迅速褪色。蓝色素对自由基有清除效果:质量浓度为2 mg/mL的蓝色素提取物对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)清除率达到96.4%;在10 mg/mL质量浓度下,蓝色素对超氧和羟基自由基的清除率分别为96.8%和87.6%;色素提取物对自由基的清除效果低于同浓度的抗坏血酸。该研究结果对深入研究绿变色素的性质和结构奠定了初步基础。     

蓝糯小麦种质的选育

蓝粒小麦和糯小麦都是特殊的小麦种质,有较高的营养和品质价值.蓝粒性状还作为遗传标记在小麦遗传育种中得到广泛运用.本研究将糯小麦C75与蓝粒小麦L杂交,对蓝粒和糯性状进行遗传分析,选育同时具有蓝粒和糯性状的小麦新种质(称为蓝糯小麦).结果表明:蓝粒受1对显性基因控制,同时控制蓝粒的基因具有剂量效应,蓝粒等位基因越多,蓝色越深;糯与非糯受3对重叠基因控制,非糯为显性;控制粒色的基因与控制糯性的基因相互独立.通过对F3株系的鉴定,获得了1个蓝粒基因和糯性基因皆纯合的株系,从而得到蓝糯小麦新种质.     

山西省作物生产蓝绿水足迹核算及影响因素分析

基于水足迹理论,对山西省2005—2014年11个市主要粮食作物生产蓝水和绿水足迹进行了量化,并结合农业与气候数据分析了其时空变异及气候影响因素。结果表明:近10年山西省各地区粮食作物生产水足迹呈下降趋势,且蓝水足迹下降趋势较绿水足迹显著;全省综合作物生产蓝水足迹从1.11降到0.64 m³/kg。不同作物间生产水足迹差异显著,大豆生产蓝绿水足迹均最高,分别为2.74,2.11 m³/kg;前者是玉米生产蓝水足迹的6.5倍,后者是小麦生产绿水足迹的5.1倍。从蓝绿水构成来看,山西省绿水比例南多北少;其多年均值为46%,具备提高绿水资源利用效率的空间。不同区域间作物生产蓝绿水足迹均表现出由北向南波动中下降的趋势,大同和吕梁地区水足迹较高。通径分析结果显示气候因子中的日照、气温和降雨是影响作物生产水足迹的主要影响因素。在山西省范围内,气候条件的时空差异是造成作物生产水足迹时空变异的主要原因,农业生产资料投入的影响较小。     

水足迹分析中国耕地水资源短缺时空格局及驱动机制

为全面评估区域农业水资源供需关系,基于水足迹理论构建了耕地水资源短缺指数(arablelandwaterscarcity index,AWSI)。在分析1999-2014年中国AWSI时空分布格局的基础上,借助偏最小二乘法揭示了AWSI的主控因子。结果显示:中国AWSI的年均值约为0.413,总体上处于高度水资源压力状态,且有随时间加剧的趋势;各年份AWSI以华北平原为中心向外递减式扩散;面临极高水资源压力(AWSI0.800)的省区均分布在北方地区,长江以南省区均面临中度水资源压力(0.100AWSI0.400);降水量与日照时数是与耕地水短缺最为密切的气象因子,农业机械总动力、粮食面积比重以及人均GDP是影响AWSI的主要社会经济条件。农业生产水平较高的粮食主产区应以水足迹调控为重要内容进行农业水管理策略的制定。     

可调红蓝光子比例的LED植物光源配光设计方法

为了动态控制用于植物生长的人工光源,该文提出一种以光子数作为评价标准,使红蓝光比例连续可调的LED植物生长光源的配光方法。综合考虑红、蓝2种波段光源及其他光谱的作用,该文采用白光LED与红光LED组合配比,以正向电流下LED的光谱密度数据作为计算基础,提出配光设计算法,实现红蓝成分有效光子数维持一定的要求下,红光与蓝光光子数比在指定区间(4:1~9:1之间)连续可调,从而满足植物不同生长状态对光质成分的需要。