日本红枫‘青龙’组织培养与快速繁殖

以青龙半木质化枝条为外植体,采用丛生芽诱导途径,建立起组培快繁体系。结果表明:最佳启动培养基为WPM+0.05mg/LTDZ+30g/L蔗糖+6.5g/L琼脂,启动率为96.1%;最佳增殖培养基为WPM+0.06mg/LTDZ+0.3mg/LIBA+6.5g/L琼脂+30g/L蔗糖,继代周期30d,增殖系数高达4.8;最佳生根培养基为1/2WPM+0.3mg/LNAA+6.5g/L琼脂+30g/L蔗糖,培养30d,其生根率达96.7%。炼苗后,移栽到珍珠岩∶蛭石∶泥炭土体积比为1∶1∶1的混合基质中,成活率达到90%以上。     

山茱萸良种繁育栽植技术

经多次实地踏查和走访调研总结,山茱萸在陕西省境内的秦巴山区15县生长具有得天独厚的优势,主要分布在陕西的汉中、商洛地区。尤其在周至、眉县、太白、佛坪、洋县、丹凤等地发现有成片的自然分布,到目前已成为药材山茱萸的主产区,2014年2月国家质检总局正式批准"周至县山茱萸"为国家地理标志的保护产品。结合各地域立地条件,特将选育的良种进行科学栽培,实现优产丰产。     

The use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in South Korea

In this study, we examined the use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in three coniferous and mixed forests in Gangwon Province, South Korea. Six hundred and twelve boxes with different sized entry holes (ranging from 3 to 7 cm in diameter) were placed in the forests between 2004 and 2009. Pteromys volans used nine boxes in the coniferous forests and two boxes in the mixed forests. The squirrels only used boxes with entrance holes measuring 3.5, 4, and 5 cm in diameter, showing a strong and moderate preference for boxes with 5 and 4-cm holes, respectively, and a strong avoidance for boxes with 3- and 7-cm holes. Therefore, we suggest placing artificial nest boxes with entrance holes 5 cm in diameter to encourage breeding activity. Most nests made in the artificial boxes were composed of fibrous materials from woody vines. We recommend placing artificial nest boxes with holes of 5-cm diameter in coniferous forests, which support dense populations of P. volans, to survey whether this approach would positively affect the breeding habits and population maintenance of this species.     

驱蚊香草的组织培养和快速繁殖

以驱蚊香草幼嫩枝条为外植体,进行离体培养,获得再生植株,通过这个过程,得出有利于芽诱导、增殖、诱导生根的最佳配方,为驱蚊香草快速繁殖,规模化生产打下技术基础。     

丹东野生香百合的组织培养和快繁技术研究

对丹东地区野生香百合的组织培养进行了研究。结果表明：以球根鳞片做外植体培养在MS＋BA 1．0 mg/L ＋ NAA 0．4 mg/L培养基上可诱导出小鳞茎,在MS＋BA 1 mg/L ＋ NAA 0．1 mg/L培养基上继代可增殖,增殖系数5倍以上;壮苗培养以MS＋BA 0．5 mg/L ＋ NAA 0．1 mg/L 为好;最适生根培养为1/2M S＋IBA 0．5 mg/L ,生根率达90％,;移栽基质以纯沙为最好,成活率达95％以上。     

皂荚(属)研究进展及产业化发展前景*

综述了国内外皂荚(属)主要研究进展,包括引种栽培、种实、刺特征与成份、抗逆性、药用价值、生态经济价值、食品及其它工业的开发应用、繁殖技术、遗传学研究等方面。从皂荚(属)资源保护、评价与合理利用及产业化发展的角度,提出开展种源试验与选择、繁殖技术研究,建立良种选育机制和种质资源保存机制,完善加工型企业,从而促进社会经济增长等产业化发展对策。     

Vegetative propagation of twelve fodder tree species indigenous to the Sahel,West Africa

In the Sahel region, many woody species are used as fodder because of their high nitrogen content, especially during the dry season, in contrast to grasses and crop residues. Unfortunately, this resource is being threatened by regular pruning, increasing livestock browsing and impeding their natural regeneration. Therefore, there is a need to find appropriate regeneration options to sustain fodder production. Thus, a series of vegetative propagation experiments were conducted to identify the most appropriate multiplication methods of some of the species used as fodder. This series included testing the effects of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole butyric acid (IBA) on rooting ability of stem cuttings of 12 species: Afzelia africana, Balanites aegyptiaca, Bauhinia rufescens, Commiphora africana, Faidherbia albida, Ficus gnaphalocarpa, Guiera senegalensis, Kigelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Pterocarpus lucens, Pterocarpus santalinoides and Terminalia avicennioides. The series also evaluated the impacts of the size (C. africana) and the age (P. erinaceus) of the cuttings on their rooting success. Pterocarpus santalinoides was revealed to be an easy-to-root species, showing a high percentage of rooted cuttings (up to 88±3%), followed by P. erinaceus, P. lucens and B. aegyptiaca (up to 37±4%, 31±5% and 26±6%, respectively), in contrast to A. africana, cuttings of which did not root at all. The application of NAA and IBA enhanced the number of roots and secondary roots per rooted cutting. Large-diameter cuttings (15–20?mm) of deeply planted C. africana gave the highest percentage of rooted cuttings (78.3±4.4%). Tree pruning improved the rooting capacity of cuttings collected from P. erinaceus with one-month resprouts giving the highest percentage of rooted cuttings (50.0±6.7%). These results indicate that P. santalinoides, C. africana, P. erinaceus, P. lucens and B. aegyptiaca are amenable to vegetative propagation as an alternative to sexual propagation.     

东方杉嫩枝扦插繁育技术的研究

东方杉是远缘杂交选育的杉科新品种,不结种子,扦插繁殖生根困难。通过对东方杉嫩枝扦插繁育技术的研究。基本上摸清了东方杉的生理构造与外源生根激素对东方杉扦插生根的相关性,为今后东方杉的繁育技术提供了参考依据。     

心叶球兰组织培养与快速繁殖试验

以心叶球兰叶片为外植体,愈伤组织诱导和继代增殖培养基MS+6-BA2.0mg.L-1+NAA0.5mg.L-1+2,4-D1.0mg.L-1+GA1.0mg.L-1+白糖3%,诱导的愈伤组织多,生长旺盛,增殖倍数为2～3倍;丛芽诱导培养基MS+KT0.5mg.L-1+NAA0.5mg.L-1+GA1.0mg.L-1+白糖3%,芽的诱导率为79.3%;在丛芽增殖及复壮培养基1/2MS+IBA1.0mg.L-1+白糖2%上,有20%～30%玻璃化丛芽转为绿色苗,玻璃化单芽经复壮培养长成绿色苗;诱导生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.5mg.L-1+白糖2%,玻璃化生根率为56.4%,淡绿色苗生根率达91.1%。瓶苗移栽基质泥炭土∶珍珠岩∶甘蔗渣(1∶1∶1)的成活率最高,达91.4%。     

国外优良材用竹种阿帕斯竹引种栽培试验

阿帕斯竹出笋期5月中旬～10月中旬,7月上旬～8月中旬为出笋盛期;单株埋秆育苗的出笋数、成竹数分别是单株埋蔸育苗的3.9倍、3.8倍,而新竹径级较埋蔸的下降43.5%,两种育苗方法可结合应用;竹丛结构调控可显著提高竹丛出笋数(21.9%)和新竹地径(84.1%),退笋率降低36.9%;综合出笋成竹数、新竹地径的季节性施肥效果,以6月最佳,其次为3月。