浅谈桥梁工程中存在的质量通病及防治方法

就东北地区气候特点,论述了桥梁工程中普遍存在的质量通病,并提出了相应防治方法。     

基于瘦西湖独特的带状水系造园探析

扬州瘦西湖清瘦狭长,水面全长约4．3km,宽近百米,是典型的带状水系。通过研究瘦西湖带状水系的空间构图、空间序列及借园桥成景3方面,阐述了带状水系独特的造园方法。     

泰州长江大桥建设对周围水域鱼类资源的影响

2010年6月至2011年11月对长江泰州段的鱼类资源进行了调查,分析了鱼类群落组成、优势种和物种多样性指数.共监测到鱼类48种,隶属于11目、18科,其中鲤形目占总种数的62.5％,优势种有鲢(Hypophthalmichthys mollitrix)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、(餐)(Hemiculter leucisculus)等.鱼类群落多样性特征平均值,Margalef指数R为3.999,Shannon-Wiener指数H′和H″分别为1.965和1.980,Pielou均匀度指数.J′和″分别为0.680和0.663.与同期江阴段、南京段相比,泰州段的Shannon-Wiener指数H′和H″显著高于南京段(P＜0.05),丰富度指数R、均匀度指数J′和H″均与南京段无显著差异(P＞0.05),但显著低于江阴段(P＜0.05).泰州段夏季鱼类种类最多,春、夏季的鱼类种类组成较接近.     

基于GIS的青弋江特大桥防洪评价

由于经济发展的需要,在芜湖县红杨镇方山村上街附近拟建青弋江特大桥。按照设计方案,根据桥梁对河道防洪安全的影响,进行防洪评价计算。通过水文分析计算、冲刷与淤积分析计算以及岸堤的稳定性分析计算等,分析工程项目对河道的行洪、河势的稳定、防汛抢险工作、堤防安全、周边环境以及河道通航能力的影响,并提出防治与补救措施,包括对河道行洪能力的补救措施,河道岸坡影响的防治措施以及对防洪大堤影响的防治措施等。     

Method of Cable Tension Controlling in the Long span Cable stayed Bridge Construction

In allusion to the cable tension controlling problem in the parallel strand stayed cable construction, on the basis of construction techniques of applying tension loads one by one, the mechanical model of the cable girder tower in the process of construction was established. With the equal cable tension as a goal, the formula was deduced with the method of forward analysis, which could be used to calculate the initial tension of each strand in construction. The effect of temperature variations on the initial tension could be eliminated by using the formula with the method of equivalent tension. Moreover, a method was proposed to measure the cable tension in the processes of construction and performing the function. Finally, the practice in one cable stayed bridge in the north indicated that 1) the uniform cable tension could be obtained by the proposed method; 2) the tension error range of whether a single strand or the whole stayed cable was within 5%, and the result could meet the needs in construction control; 3) the method could provide reference for the similar stayed cable construction.     

几种药剂防治吐伦球坚蚧若虫的药效研究

在介壳虫若虫孵化涌散期用蚧虫毒乳油、吡虫.噻嗪酮悬浮剂、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂、顺式氯氰菊酯乳油和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油混剂4种药剂进行防治,施药后第16天防效均达94%以上;在介壳虫二龄若虫越夏期用滴一滴、蚧虫毒乳油、吡虫.噻嗪酮悬浮剂、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂、绿颖矿物油和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油6种药剂进行防治,施药后第9天,滴一滴、蚧虫毒乳油防效可达98%,施药后第21天吡虫.噻嗪酮悬浮剂、绿颖矿物油的防效分别可达93.13%,76.55%。     

闽浙木拱廊桥遗产旅游产品开发研究

近年来阂浙木拱廊桥研究逐渐被人们所重视。阖浙22处木拱廊桥共同“中遗”使木拱廊桥的开发和保护迎来一个新的契机。闽浙木拱廊桥可以基于遗产旅游视角开发成为民俗文化旅游产品、生态休闲旅游产品、乡村旅游产品、红色旅游产品、节庆旅游产品等5类旅游产品。在廊桥遗产旅游产品开发过程中应注意廊桥遗产真实性和完整性的保护,注重旅游景观和产品体验性开发,形成良好的保护与开发机制,协调好利益相关者之间的关系,加强遗产文化教育和宣传,促进区域联动发展。     

刚架拱桥斜撑破坏及加固后可靠性分析

根据刚架拱桥结构的受力特性和构件本身存在的缺陷,利用斜撑的ANSYS实体模型分析刚架拱桥斜撑的破坏机理,以弹模的降低来模拟斜撑湿接缝处混凝土强度的衰变.研究表明湿接缝处混凝土强度不足是斜撑破坏的主要原因,并对斜撑加固后的可靠性进行分析,预测了斜撑的剩余使用寿命.     

基于微观球体颗粒模型的土水特征曲线研究

When variations occur in the water content or dry bulk density of soil,the contact angle hysteresis will affect the soil-water characteristic curve(SWCC).The occurrence of the contact angle hysteresis can be divided into slipping and pinning.It is difficult to determine the effect of pinning existence on SWCC by tests.In this study,the effect of contact angle hysteresis on SWCC was analyzed either in the case of no variations in soil dry bulk density with changes in soil water content or no variations in soil water content with changes in soil dry bulk density.In both cases,soil particles were simplified to the spherical particle model.Based on the geometrically mechanic relationship between the particles and connecting liquid bridges,a physical model for predicting the SWCC was derived from the spherical particle model.Adjusting parameters made the model applicable to various soils,that is,the cohesive soil was considered as micron-sized spherical particles.Through the simulations on SWCC test data of sand,silt,clay,and swelling soil,it was confirmed that the physical model possessed good reliability and practicability.Finally,the analysis of rationality of contact angle was performed based on the basic assumptions of the model.     

桥梁建筑与洪水的相互影响

桥梁建筑不仅在国民经济生活中发挥着积极的交通功能,在防洪、抢险与救灾的紧要关头也显示出强大的支撑作用。通过桥梁建筑对防洪的影响、洪水对桥梁的不利影响、建桥对河流洲边滩的影响等3方面,对桥梁建筑与洪水的相互影响进行阐述,以期为以后研究二者关系提供参考。