计算机技术在动物育种中的应用

现代动物育种已广泛应用计算机。本文主要从数据库、数值计算、遗传评定、计算机模拟、育种专家系统、网络六个方面综述了计算机技术在动物育种中的应用。     

通过日粮调控降低猪排泄物中臭气

本文主要综述了猪场排泄物中的臭气种类 ,可以通过提高饲料中营养物质的利用率、提高日粮中可发酵非淀粉多糖、改变肠道内微生物的代谢活动以及数量、使用一些有效的饲料添加剂和改变日粮饲养方式等日粮调控措施来控制其臭气的产生量     

猪肉品质性状评定和遗传改良研究综述

本文针对猪肉品质在猪宰后才被确定的特殊性 ,从猪肉品质的定义出发 ,综述了猪肉品质指标的评定 ;并根据猪肉品质性状的中低遗传力特点 ,整体阐述了其遗传改良途径、现状和局限性     

动物基因组中反转录转座子的研究进展

反转录转座子 (retrotransposon)是一类通过RNA实现转座的遗传因子 ,以多拷贝形式广泛存在于真核生物基因组中。由其产生的转座会导致基因组序列的删除、扩增、移位、断裂、重组等现象 ,从某种意义上说反转录转座子是生物遗传多样性产生的一个重要因素     

鱼类维生素C缺乏症研究进展

维生素C是动物生长、代谢及维持正常生理机能所必需的营养要素,并且在恢复组织创伤和抵御疾病侵袭等方面具有重要作用。缺乏维生素C时,鱼类生长缓慢,脊柱弯曲,皮肤及内脏出血等。本文概述了鱼类缺乏VC的原因、症状、病理变化,并提出预防措施。     

Integrating practical, regulatory and ethical strategies for enhancing farm animal welfare

OBJECTIVE: To provide an integrated view of relationships between assessment of animal welfare. societal expectations regarding animal welfare standards, the need for regulation, and two ethical strategies for promoting animal welfare, emphasising farm animals. APPROACH: Ideas in relevant papers and key insights were outlined and illustrated, where appropriate, by New Zealand experience with different facets of the welfare management of farm animals. CONCLUSIONS: An animal's welfare is good when its nutritional, environmental, health, behavioural and mental needs are met. Compromise may occur in one or more of these areas and is assessed by scientifically-informed best judgement using parameters validated by directed research and objective analysis in clinical and practical settings. There is a wide range of perceptions of what constitutes good and bad welfare in society, so that animal welfare standards cannot be left to individual preferences to determine. Rather, the promotion of animal welfare is seen as requiring central regulation, but managed in a way that allows for adjustments based on new scientific knowledge of animals' needs and changing societal perceptions of what is acceptable and unacceptable treatment of animals. Concepts of 'minimal welfare', representing the threshold of cruelty, and 'acceptable welfare', representing higher, more acceptable standards than those that merely avoid cruelty, are outlined. They are relevant to economic analyses, which deal with determinants of animal welfare standards based on financial costs and the desire of the public to feel broadly comfortable about the treatment of the animals that are used to serve their needs. Ethical strategies for promoting animal welfare can be divided broadly into the 'gold standard' approach and the 'incremental improvement' approach. The first defines the ideal that is to be required in a particular situation and will accept nothing less than that ideal, whereas the second aims to improve welfare in a step-wise fashion by setting a series of achievable goals, seeing each small advance as worthwhile progress towards the same ideal. 'Incremental improvement' is preferred. This also has application in veterinary practice where the professional commitment to maintain good welfare standards may at times conflict with financial constraints experienced by clients.     

RAPD标记及其应用与展望

本文介绍了ＲＡＰＤ技术的原理及其在动植物方面的应用情况；对ＲＡＰＤＲ技术的优缺点进行了评价，并展望了其辉煌的应用前景。     

六种动物含类胰蛋白酶肥大细胞的酶组化分析

使用鉴定人类肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶的酶组织化学技术，证实猪，牛，绵羊，狗，猫及小鼠的肥大细胞中均信在胰蛋白酶。与采用甲七胺兰的常规组织化学色比较，类胰蛋白酶阳性肥大细胞与甲苯胺兰阳性肥大细胞在分布，形态和密度方面是相亿主的。     

仔猪小肠上皮细胞刷状缘膜囊制备方法的研究

采用CaCl2 和MgCl2 两种沉淀法制备了断奶仔猪小肠上皮细胞刷状缘膜囊 (BBMV) ,并通过测定BBMV制备过程中的细胞膜或细胞器标志酶酶活、核糖核酸和脱氧核糖核酸含量等指标对所制备的BBMV的纯度进行了评价。结果表明采用MgCl2 沉淀方法制备的断奶仔猪小肠BBMV纯度优于CaCl2 沉淀法。     

Experiment and Analysis in Apoptosis Induced by Steep Pulse in Vivo Wistar Mice

The paper Inspects the Bcl-2 and Bax protein expressions in vivo Wistar mice cells stimulated by steep pulse field, and puts forward the mechanism of steep pulse inducing apoptosis. Bcl-2/Baxprotein expression positive rate and apoptotic cell rate are determined by using immunohistochemical technique and TUNEL in 18 Wistar mice transplanted with Walker-256 cell line. Compared with control group, protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in treated group decrease and increaserespectively. Apoptosis occurrswhen tumor tissue are impulsed by steep pulse field.