分子可视化技术在生物化学课程教学中的应用

介绍了目前主要的分子可视化插件及技术特征,并以DS Visualizer ActiveX和JSmol为例,探讨了如何在PPT和网页中嵌入交互式分子可视化模块。旨在供高校生物化学和分子生物学教师参考,以激发学生的学习热情,提高教学质量。     

《动物生理学》课程考试改革研究与实践

考试是教学过程的重要环节,是评价学生学习效果的重要手段。动物生理学是高等农林院校开设的重要专业基础课之一,以《动物生理学》课程为例,通过对考试的内容和形式进行改革,将课程考试贯穿于整个教学环节。考试改革结果表明,科学合理的考试能够督促学生充分有效地利用时间进行学习,进而降低了学生的考试不及格率,对提高教学质量有一定的促进作用。     

Equine Performance and Autonomic Nervous System Improvement After Joint Manipulation: A Case Study

A nine-year-old gelding quarter horse, whose discipline is barrel racing, was experiencing difficulty performing tight turns around the barrels for 8 months prior to treatment. He demonstrated tail swishing as if aggravated when under the saddle, which would escalate to bucking for 3 weeks prior to treatment. This gelding had no previous history of bucking under the saddle. Static and motion palpation findings indicated multiple segmental joint fixations located throughout the spine and extremities. High-velocity low-amplitude adjustments were performed to address the joint fixations found during examination. A comparison of pre and post-treatment thermographic images showed a temperature change indicative of autonomic nervous system improvement caused by joint manipulation. A follow-up at two weeks revealed subjective long term improvements. Subjective, objective, and thermographic evidence indicated that segmental joint dysfunction was causing increased nociception and autonomic dysregulation, most notably over the sacroiliac joints, lateral front left cannon bone and right carpus. Previous research has indicated causative effects of joint manipulation on the autonomic nervous system and nociceptive processes. This case shows the positive thermographic effects post-adjustment on the nervous system, and a two week follow-up indicated that the gelding no longer showed signs or symptoms of pain. This case demonstrates how joint manipulation can affect the autonomic and nociceptive nervous systems in the equine patient.     

利用国内外两种资源 促进我国畜牧业可持续发展

文章在分析我国畜牧业发展现状、前景和面临的主要问题与挑战基础上,提出充分利用国内外两种资源,实施畜牧业"走出去"开发战略,促进畜牧业可持续发展的创新思路。并就加强畜牧业科技工作提出强化顶层设计、加强宏观协调和保证未来10年畜牧业可持续发展的科技创新技术的研发等建议,以期对我国"十三五"畜牧业健康发展提供参考。     

Productivity affects the density–body mass relationship of soil fauna communities

The productivity of ecosystems and their disturbance regime affect the structure of animal communities. However, it is not clear which trophic levels benefit the most from higher productivity or are the most impacted by disturbance. The density–body mass (DBM) relationship has been shown to reflect changes in the structure of communities subjected to environmental modifications, so far, mainly in aquatic systems. We tested how different seawater inundation frequencies and cattle grazing, which both disturbed and impacted the productivity of a terrestrial system, a salt marsh, affected the size structure of soil fauna communities, expressed by their DBM relationship. We hypothesized that either: (1) all the trophic levels of soil fauna would benefit from higher productivity (i.e., amount of litter mass), reflected by a higher Y-intercept of the DBM relationship; (2) only smaller animals would benefit, reflected by a lower slope of the relationship; (3) or only larger animals would benefit, reflected by a higher slope of the relationship. We collected a large range of soil fauna from different elevation levels in grazed and ungrazed areas, thence subjected to different levels of productivity, represented by litter mass, with the most inundated and grazed area as the least productive one. Considering that pore size must be smaller in inundated and grazed areas, productivity seemed to be a greater factor influencing species distribution than soil structure. We found slopes lower than −0.75, showing that large animals dominated the community. However, a difference between the DBM relationships of the most and least frequently inundated ungrazed sites indicated that higher productivity benefited the smaller animals. Our findings show that high productivity does not equally affect the different trophic levels of this soil fauna community, suggesting inefficient transfers of energy from one trophic level to another, as smaller species benefitted more from higher productivity.     

《中国动物传染病学报》性质及学科分类

根据期刊性质和学科分类方法,以文献数量为依据对《中国动物传染病学报》进行分类。结果发现,《中国动物传染病学报》2010年刊登的论文以学术性为主,畜牧与动物医学类文献占当年文献总量的87.50%,其余学科文献均较少,不能划入相应学科,因此应将该刊归类为畜牧与动物医学类专业学术期刊。     

《动物细胞生物学》及其实验课程教学模式改革

《动物细胞生物学》是动物科学专业和动物医学专业的专业基础课。随着教学内容不断的更新,之前的教学模式已经跟不上现代教学形式与要求的发展,对该课程教学模式的改革与创新势在必行。论文对《动物细胞生物学》及实验课程的教学内容和目标、教学模式改革进行了探索与讨论,为本门课程的改革提供一些思路。     

以培养学生创新能力为主体的植物生理生化实验教学改革

近年来，生物学相关技术有了长足发展，植物生理生化实验课程中存在的实验内容陈旧、缺乏综合性、设计性以及考核形式单一等问题日显突出。以海南大学植物生理生化实验课程为研究对象，从优化重组教学内容、加强基本实验操作技能、提高学生综合科研素质及培养创新能力和改进实验成绩考核制度等方面进行了一系列改革。通过3年的教改实践，显著提高了学生主动学习植物生理生化课程的兴趣，提高了学生实验操作的能力，促进了学生综合科研素质的提升和创新能力的提高。     

On-farm welfare assessment of dairy goat farms using animal-based indicators: the example of 30 commercial farms in Portugal

Welfare assessment can play multiple roles in the path to welfare improvement. In the dairy goat area, identification of the main welfare problems across countries and different production systems is needed. By the application of a prototype welfare assessment protocol, based on animal-based indicators, we aimed to provide an insight into the main welfare problems affecting intensively kept dairy goats in Portugal. Thirty farms, organised in three size categories, were assessed. The main areas of concern were claw overgrowth, queuing at feeding and hindquarter dirtiness, with larger farms heading higher concerns. Additionally, this paper aimed to investigate indicators’ consistency over time. Ten of the 30 farms were revisited four months later, during which no major husbandry changes were made. Our results showed an overall consistency. This study can help define intervention thresholds or minimum legal levels for each indicator, by determining their overall prevalence.     

案例教学法在动物传染病学课程中的实践

从案例教学法的含义及实施必要性、动物传染病案例的来源、案例教学法的实践及效果分析以及进一步做好动物传染病学课程案例教学的要求4个方面,介绍了动物传染病课程案例教学法,以期为改进和提高动物传染病学及其他相关课程的教学方法及教学效果提供参考。