兴海县气候变化对畜牧业发展的影响及对策

本文通过对兴海县气温、降水等气象观测资料的分析,得出气候变化对畜牧业生产造成的影响,认为当前制约兴海县畜牧业可持续发展的主要因素是气候变化,并针对气候变化的制约条件提出了草地可持续发展对策。     

饲用莫能菌素的研究进展

莫能菌素是聚醚类离子载体抗生素,是目前欧盟唯一允许使用的抗生素饲料添加剂。本文通过其作用机理、畜禽生产中的添加效果及使用剂量等方面的综合论述,证明了在畜禽生产中饲用莫能菌素的可行性,并为其今后的广泛应用做了研究展望。     

凉山地区生态畜牧业发展对策探讨

根据生态畜牧业的理念,结合凉山地区畜牧业生产和生态环境现状,提出凉山地区发展生态畜牧业的技术措施,推动凉山畜牧业健康持续发展。     

Considerations on ethics and animal welfare in extensive pig production: Breeding and fattening Iberian pigs

The extensive pig production in Spain is traditionally characterised by: the use of the Iberian pig, an autochthonous breed perfectly integrated into the environment in which they have developed; a long duration of the productive cycle for about 23–24 months; a high level of animal welfare level, specially in the fattening process with freedom of movement and feeding base on natural sources: acorns and grass, and an equilibrated “dehesa” agro-forestry system where this activity has been developed. Nowadays, the introduction of more intensificated methods due to the increasing demand led to important changes, such as: the shortening of the productive cycle (10–12 months); freeing from the territorial base; changes during the fattening period, fattening with mixed feed and less animal freedom. All these facts may implicate a loss of the animal welfare condition. These circumstances lead us to question it from an ethical point of view.     

动物科学专业本科人才培养目标之我见

动物科学专业本科人才培养目标是确定动物科学专业本科课程教学方案的依据,是培养什么质量的动物科学专业本科人才的指导思想。动物科学专业的人才培养目标应包含如下几个重要方面。首先,动物科学专业人才培养目标应着眼于人文精神和合作精神的培养。其二,应注重基础课的教学,使学生获得终生学习的能力。其三,应促进学生的主动性思维,而不是让学生被动地接受知识的传授。其四,应提高学生的实践动手能力。最后,应在本科教学阶段继续提高动物科学专业本科生的语言技能。本文对如上方面逐一进行了阐述。     

《中国畜牧兽医》发展现状与展望

《中国畜牧兽医》是由农业部主管、中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所主办的全国性技术类期刊，其前身是创刊于1974年的《国外畜牧科技》，是我国畜牧兽医工作者的重要交流平台。作者简要回顾了《中国畜牧兽医》的发展历程，着重分析了期刊的影响力现状，并对刊物的发展及未来的方向进行了论述。     

山西省畜牧业可持续发展途径研究

山西省畜牧业可持续发展 ,应改变依靠粮食饲养的精料型农区畜牧业发展道路 ,充分利用和发挥本省草地和农作物秸秆资源丰富的优势 ,以大中市场和中长期市场需求为导向 ,走以草食动物为主的节粮型的农牧区畜牧业发展途径 ,并采取有效措施 ,以促进畜牧业沿着稳定、持续方向发展     

我国动物营养科学百年发展的影响因素分析

对近百年来影响我国动物营养学发展的主要因素进行了总结，分析了我国动物营养学的发展历史。     

可利用氨基酸饲料配方技术的软件开发

设计饲料配方程序,将可利用氨基酸饲料配方技术与电脑编程技术进行有机地结合,并进行线性规划算法改进和功能创新,使这项技术更具实用性和人性化.     

Effect of suckling intensity on human growth hormone binding, biochemical composition and histological characteristics of ovine mammary glands

Suckling both, or only one contralateral mammary gland during 15 days postpartum was utilized to study lactogenic hormone binding to mammary microsomal membranes and quantitative mammary morphology in ewes. Binding of radiolabeled human growth hormone was specific for lactogenic hormones. Non-radiolabeled human growth hormone, ovine and bovine prolactin and human placental lactogen effectively competed with radiolabeled human growth hormone for binding sites but ovine and bovine growth hormone were completely ineffective. Specific binding of radiolabeled human growth hormone to 600 μg of membrane protein averaged 23 ± 3% in all lactating glands. Neither days postpartum nor treatment of contralateral mammary glands substantially altered hormone binding in lactating glands. Specific human growth hormone binding (6 ± 0.5%) in non-suckled glands (15 days postpartum both udder halves) was significantly lower (P<0.01) than in lactating tissue but only a moderate and variable reduction in specific binding was measured in membranes from glands non-suckled for 15 days but contralateral to a suckled gland (14 ± 4%). Specific binding was approximately doubled in assays with 600 compared with 300 μg of membrane protein and the pattern of binding among variously suckled glands was not changed by treatment of membranes with 4 M MgCl₂ prior to assay. Most secretory cells from all lactating glands had rounded, basally displaced nuclei, apical fat globules, secretory vesicles and abundant densely stained basal cytoplasm (ergastoplasm). Alveolar lumenal area was maximal (50% of tissue area) and stromal tissue area was minimal. After 15 days of non-suckling (both udder halves) mammary cells were engorged with lipid, ergastoplasm was reduced and nuclei were irregularly shaped and randomly displaced compared with lactating tissue. In addition, lumenal area was reduced and stromal tissue more evident. Lack of suckling for 5 days had little apparent effect on mammary cytology. Like lactogenic hormone binding, mammary tissue morphology was only moderately altered by 15 days of non-suckling when the remaining gland was suckled. RNA concentration was lowest (2.1 ± 0.3 mg/g) in mammary tissue from ewes in which neither gland was suckled for 15 days postpartum but non-suckling interval had no significant effect when contralateral glands were suckled. DNA concentration was not significantly influenced by suckling treatments. Relative lactogenic hormone binding closely corresponded to changes in cytological and biochemical indices of secretory cell function.