黄山浮溪河流域鳞毛蕨科药用蕨类植物资源调查

[目的]调查研究黄山浮溪河流域的毛蕨科药用蕨类植物的种类、分布、药用价值及开发利用情况。[方法]通过对安徽黄山浮溪河流域的蕨类植物资源的初步调查研究,结合我国西南少数民族医药中有关药用蕨类植物资源与少数民族医药中蕨类资源利用情况,对该流域药用蕨类资源中鳞毛蕨科植物的主要种类及其分布情况进行了综合性评价,同时讨论了黄山蕨类植物资源保护及开发利用前景。[结果]黄山浮溪河流域具有药用价值的鳞毛蕨科植物有12种,隶属于3个属。[结论]该研究为进一步开发利用鳞毛蕨科药用蕨类植物资源,保证其药源供应和临床用药安全提供资料。     

不同乳酸菌对羊酸奶的感官和质构特性的影响

研究分析不同乳酸菌对羊酸奶感官与质构特性的影响作用,为筛选优良的羊酸奶发酵剂提供依据。使用双歧杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、丁二酮乳链球菌发酵羊奶,对羊酸奶的感官品质、酸度及质构特性进行评定。结果表明,单一菌种发酵,四种菌发酵的羊酸奶的感官评分排序是双歧杆菌〉嗜热链球菌〉保加利亚乳杆菌〉丁二酮乳链球菌,不同乳酸菌发酵羊酸奶的质构特性差异显著,使用双歧杆菌发酵可以获得最佳的质构特性,其发酵的羊酸奶的硬度为34.96g、黏度为802.28g.s、凝聚性为44.65g、粘性指数为137.17g.s、保水力为85.00%;混合发酵剂发酵羊酸奶具有各自不同的感官和质构特性优势,双歧杆菌和嗜热链球菌发酵的羊酸奶的硬度和黏度最好,分别达到29.93g和715.09g.s,但风味欠佳;双歧杆菌和丁二酮乳链球菌发酵的羊酸奶的凝聚性、粘性指数和保水力最好,分别达到45.86g、143.49g.s、91.00%,且风味良好。综合感官评价与质构特性,复合菌种双歧杆菌和丁二酮乳链球菌适宜作为羊酸奶的发酵剂。     

舒城县干汊河镇农村集体“三资”管理现状与建议

阐述了舒城县干汊河镇农村集体三资管理取得的成效,指出了管理过程中存在的问题,并提出了加强农村集体三资管理的建议。     

三江白猪线粒体DNA-RFLP的分析

采用22种限制性内切酶分析了三江白猪线粒体DNA的多态性。结果表明：在60头个体中检出30种限制性态型．归结为7种基因单倍型；其间的差异来自少数限制性位点的突变。单倍型间平均遗传距离为0．35%，群体遗传多态程度为0．044％。三江白猪遗传多样性非常贫乏，说明三江白猪与地方种猪起源于一个共同祖先，在品种形成早期受到创立者效应的制约。     

真菌腐朽及潮湿环境对定向刨花板力学性能的影响

探讨和分析了室外用定向刨花板(OSB)在真菌腐朽及潮湿条件下力学性能的变化规律。植菌试件在25～30℃、相对湿度90％条件下放置20周后,测试结果表明,两种褐腐菌Gloeophyllum trabeum(G、T．)、Postia placenta(P．P．)和一种白腐菌Trametes versitcolor(T．V．)都以较小的质量损失对静曲强度(MOR)和弹性模量(MOE)造成严重破坏,其中,G．T．和T．V．在板材表面生长较旺盛,造成的强度损失程度类似,且部大于P．P．。但P．P．腐朽导致的单位质量损失具有最大破坏力。未种植真菌的试件处于温湿状态下同样产生显著的强度下降,表明室外用人造板材料除防腐处理外,还应注意采取防潮湿保护措施。     

Effect of Season on Vitamin E,Fatty Acid Profile,and Nutritional Value of Fish By-Products from Cod,Saithe, Ling and Haddock Species Caught in Southern Irish Coastal Waters

ABSTRACT

The value of fish is largely dependent on fillet size and species but greater value could be obtained by finding commercial uses for the remaining fish frame, particularly fish by-products. Vitamin E and polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA), are of economic importance to the food and pharmaceutical industries and are available for extraction from fish waste. The objective of this study was to compare α-tocopherol levels and the fatty acid profile from several demersal species (cod, ling, saithe and haddock, n = 15) caught in Irish coastal waters over a one-year period (2001). α-Tocopherol levels in samples of liver, viscera and cut-off (any residual flesh from belly flap) were extracted and subsequently measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Total fatty acids were extracted and determined by gas chromatography (GC). Results indicated that a-tocopherol levels in liver were higher (P < 0.05) than those in viscera or cut-off. Regardless of species, α-tocopherol levels were found in the following order: liver > viscera > cut-off. In general, α-tocopherol levels were highest in autumn and lowest in spring. Overall, percent free fatty acid levels recorded in liver and viscera samples were higher (P < 0.05) than those in cut-off samples. Percent free fatty acid varied significantly (P < 0.05) with each season, and was generally greater in autumn samples. An inverse relationship was observed between percent fat and moisture levels recorded in this study. The major fatty acids identified in each fish species and each by-product were 16:0 (palmitic), 18:0 (stearic), 18:1 (oleic) 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) and 22:6n-3 (docosahexaenoic, DHA). The highest percent of total identified fatty acids were reported in the autumn catch, including the highest EPA and DHA levels. Overall, liver samples had the highest levels of EPA and DHA.     

绵羊体表脓包病原的分离·鉴定及药敏试验

[目的]对分离自湖北省大悟县的患病山羊体表脓包中的致病菌进行分析和鉴定,以确定脓包中细菌的分子分类学地位及药物敏感性。[方法]通过对分离株16SrRNA基因序列分析,结合细菌菌落形态和细菌生化特性分析进行细菌分离和鉴定,并对已鉴定的菌株进行药物敏感性试验,筛选出脓包细菌敏感性药物。[结果]从脓包分离的细菌分别为葡萄球菌属、大肠埃希氏杆菌属、不动杆菌属以及绿脓杆菌;药物敏感试验表明这些细菌对药物的敏感性不同,其中对头孢类、喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类以及氯霉素等敏感。[结论]该研究可为该地区该病流行病学的研究与防治药物的研发提供参考。     

Fibroblast growth factor-10 maintains the survival and promotes the growth of cultured goat preantral follicles

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor-10 (FGF-10) on the survival, activation (transition from primordial to primary follicles), and growth of goat preantral follicles cultured in vitro. Pieces of ovarian cortex were cultured for 1 and 7 d in the absence or presence of FGF-10 (0, 1, 10, 50, 100, and 200 ng/mL). Noncultured and cultured tissues were processed and analyzed by histology, transmission electron microscopy, and viability testing. Results showed that after 7 d, a greater percentage (79.9%) of morphologically normal follicles (containing an oocyte with regular shape and uniform cytoplasm, and organized layers of granulosa cells without a pyknotic nucleus) was observed when cultured with 50 ng/mL of FGF-10 when compared with other concentrations of FGF-10 (0 ng/mL, 67.3%; 1 ng/mL, 68.2%; 10 ng/mL, 63.3%; 100 ng/mL, 64.4%; 200 ng/mL, 52.7%). Ultrastructural analyses and viability testing using fluorescent markers confirmed the follicular integrity of FGF-10 (50 ng/mL)-treated fragments after 7 d of culture. After 7 d, all FGF-10 concentrations reduced the percentage of primordial follicles and increased the percentage of developing follicles. In the presence of 50 ng/mL of FGF-10, follicles increased in diameter after 7 d of culture when compared with other concentrations tested. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that FGF-10 maintains the morphological integrity of goat preantral follicles and stimulates the growth of activated follicles in culture. The culture conditions identified here contribute to the understanding of the factors involved in goat early follicular development.     

2012年安徽省水稻全面增产之浅析

基于水稻苗情监测的相关数据,对促进水稻增产增效的效果进行了详细分析,结果表明,通过栽培技术的集成创新与有效推广应用措施,可实现水稻产量效益提高。通过监测结果的实证,提出水稻生产须要高度重视作物栽培等非物化技术的创新与推广应用,以进一步挖掘水稻等粮食的增产潜力。