1株山羊内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒的序列测定与分析

参照内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株enJSRV-20(EF680302.1)全基因组序列设计合成3对引物,以山羊基因组DNA为模板,应用PCR技术扩增山羊内源性病毒基因片段,分别连接PMD-18T载体并测序,完成了1株山羊内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒全基因序列的测定。结果分析显示测定序列全长7 480bp,获得的序列与内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株enJSRV-18(EF680301.1)的核苷酸相似性为93.4%,与外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株JS-7(AF357971.1)的核苷酸相似性为88.1%。根据pro基因序列构建系统进化树,结果显示扩增序列与内源性绵羊反转录病毒株en-JSRV-5(EF680305.1)的亲缘关系最近。本研究有助于内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒感染性克隆的构建和内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒功能的研究。     

山羊腺垂体细胞的分离培养与鉴定

【目的】探讨山羊腺垂体细胞的分离和培养方法,为其体外分泌特性研究奠定基础。【方法】采集山羊腺垂体,分别用胰蛋白酶、胶原酶、胰蛋白酶和胶原酶混合、胰蛋白酶和透明质酸酶混合对其进行消化,所获细胞培养后采用免疫细胞化学法进行鉴定,评价细胞消化结果和腺垂体细胞的生长特性。【结果】山羊腺垂体组织在37℃条件下,以1 g/LⅣ型胶原酶和1 g/L透明质酸酶混合消化2.5～3 h,消化效果较好;所得细胞在培养24 h开始贴壁,72 h后细胞主要呈多角形或梭形,连接成片,培养6 d左右细胞即可铺满培养器皿的细胞生长面。免疫细胞化学鉴定结果显示,FSH阳性细胞胞质呈蓝色,PRL阳性细胞胞质呈蓝褐色;放射免疫分析法测定表明,分离、培养的腺垂体细胞具有激素分泌活性。【结论】采用筛选的消化和分离方法可获得山羊腺垂体细胞,所获腺垂体细胞体外培养体系,可用于体外研究腺垂体细胞的功能和内分泌调控作用。     

The impact of rumen cannulation on the microbial community of goat rumens as measured using 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing

The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of rumen cannulation on the microbial community of goat rumens using 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing. Twelve Boer crossbred goats were used in the experiment: six goats were surgically fitted with rumen cannula, and the other six were used as controls. All goats were fed the same diet for 20 days, after which their rumen digesta were sampled once per week for three consecutive weeks. Total microbial DNA was extracted from the collected rumen fluid and was used as a template to amplify the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. High‐throughput sequencing was performed using an Illumina MiSeq platform, and the sequences were analyzed primarily using the Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology pipeline software. The results showed that the Chao 1 index, the observed species index and the Shannon‐Wiener index were not significantly different (p > 0.05) between the two groups. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Tenericutes were the predominant phylum in both groups, and their relative abundance was 60.63%, 29.48%, 2.24% (n = 6, CT group) and 61.17%, 26.92%, 1.66% (n = 6, RC group) respectively. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the microbial communities of RC goats, and Planctomycetes and Chloroflexi were significantly lower (p = 0.02). The abundances of other phyla were not significantly different between treatments. A total of 19 lower‐level taxa also exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) in relative abundance between the groups. In addition, there were 18 genera shared within the control group, 26 shared within the rumen‐cannulated group, and 16 shared by both groups. Prevotella was the most abundant shared genus, although its abundance was not significantly different (p > 0.05) between the groups. In conclusion, although the most abundant microbes kept stable, rumen cannulation had the potential to significantly change rumen microbial communities in goats.     

饲粮添加亚麻油和亚麻籽对绒山羊羔羊屠宰性能、器官生长发育及肉品质的影响

本试验旨在研究舍饲条件下饲粮添加亚麻油和亚麻籽对绒山羊羔羊屠宰性能、器官生长发育及肉品质的影响.试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选择体重为(18.60±0.10)kg的60只4月龄阿尔巴斯断奶羯羔,随机分为对照组(CON组)、亚麻油组(LSO组)和亚麻籽组(HLS组)3个组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只羊.在育肥前期(1...     

利用绒山羊原始生殖细胞培养胚胎干细胞的研究

[目的]建立绒山羊胚胎干细胞体系。[方法]采用与其胎儿成纤维细胞共培养的方式从20 mm绒山羊胎儿生殖嵴及其周围组织分离克隆出大量原始生殖细胞(PGCS)集落。[结果]这些集落的细胞经过多次传代具有胚胎干细胞(ES)的诸多特征,如鸟巢状结构、AKP染色阳性、具有连续传代能力等。[结论]该细胞具有多能性,类似ES细胞。     

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白5基因在内蒙古白绒山羊皮肤中的表达研究

本研究旨在探明胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白(insulin-like growth factor-binding protein,IGFBP)在内蒙古白绒山羊绒毛发育的不同生长阶段皮肤组织中的表达变化情况。试验采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,对内蒙古白绒山羊绒毛生长发育的各个时期皮肤中IGFBP-1~IGFBP-6基因的表达进行了测定,并通过埋植褪黑素组改变绒毛生长周期的研究,来鉴定IGFBP-1~IGFBP-6基因中高表达的结合蛋白的作用。结果表明,IGFBP-3和IGFBP-5在绒山羊绒毛生长发育的各个时期的皮肤组织中均有表达,但是IGFBP-5的表达相对于IGFBP-3的表达具有很强的规律性。结果提示,在内蒙古白绒山羊的绒毛发育过程中,IGFBP-5可能是一个主要的调控因子。     

不同NDF/NFC比的日粮对山羊小肠可吸收氨基酸组成的影响

用4只体重(35±2.5)kg装瘤胃瘘管、十二指肠和回肠T型瘘管的徐淮白山羊,饲喂中性洗涤纤维/非纤维性碳水化合物比(NDF/NFC)不同的A、B、C、D 4种日粮,分别利用二氨基庚二酸和卵磷脂作为瘤胃细菌和纤毛虫的内标物测定进入十二指肠的细菌、纤毛虫及过瘤胃饲料蛋白质的各种氨基酸的流量与组成,研究对山羊小肠内可吸收氨基酸组成的影响。结果表明:小肠可吸收氨基酸(AA)中,B组细菌AA为1.54 g/d,极显著高于A组(0.45 g/d)、C组(0.36 g/d)、D组(0.39 g/d)(P<0.01),且B组占可吸收AA的38.4%,显著高于D组(24.84%)(P<0.05),极显著高于A组(13.25%)和C组(14.81%)(P<0.01);纤毛虫AA在A组为1.22 g/d,分别极显著高于B组(0.63 g/d)、C组(0.57 g/d)、D组(0.42 g/d)(P<0.01),且A组占可吸收AA的36.74%,B、C、D组分别占15.71%、23.45%、26.75%;来自过瘤胃饲料的小肠可吸收AA中,A、B组分别为1.65、1.84 g/d,显著高于C组(1.51 g/d)(P<0.05),极显著高于D组(0.76 g/d)(P<0.01),占可吸收AA%以C组(61.73%)为最高,显著高于A组(49.13%)、D组(48.41%)(P<0.05),极显著高于B组(45.88%)(P<0.01),即B组转化为微生物蛋白质的效率最高;在微生物蛋白质的AA组成中,纤毛虫的AA组成相对稳定,食糜颗粒相结合细菌的AA含量组成比食糜液相结合细菌相对稳定,食糜液相结合细菌AA变化直接影响小肠内可吸收的细菌AA组成与数量。     

邛崃波尔山羊场波尔山羊及其杂种羊的主要疾病与防治

通过对邛崃波尔山羊场波尔山羊及其杂种羊常见疾病的调查、研究,本羊场羊只的主要疾病有:羔羊腹泻、羊口疮、脑炎、羊颚虱、骨折等,通过临床诊断、治疗并观察了疗效。     

济宁青山羊不同季节血浆内褪黑素分泌规律的研究

为了探讨济宁青山羊季节性发情的内分泌机理,本试验分别用放射性免疫法和免疫组织化学方法研究了济宁青山羊在春分、夏至、秋分和冬至时血浆内褪黑素的变化规律以及松果体细胞内5-羟色胺（5-HT）的含量变化。结果显示,血浆内褪黑素含量在午夜达到最大值,而在白天日中附近降到最小值,在夜间显著高于白天（P〈0．01）。褪黑素含量也存在明显的季节性变化,夏至时夜间的平均含量极显著高于其它3个季节（P〈0．01）,春分和秋分时差异不明显（P〉0．05）,但它们显著高于冬至时的夜间平均水平（P〈0．05）。白天血浆褪黑素含量在各个季节差异不显著（P〉0．05）。夏季5-羟色胺阳性细胞面积和占总面积比值都显著小于其它3个季节,冬季最大,春季和秋季差异不显著（P〉0．05）。     

KRTAP36-1基因在子午岭黑山羊中的鉴定及其与羊绒性状的关联分析

为鉴定子午岭黑山羊KRTAP36-1基因,并分析其与羊绒性状的相关性,以绵羊KRTAP36-1基因编码区序列为模板,利用GenBank的BLAST功能,在山羊染色体上进行同源性搜索,用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation ...