99%绿颖乳油对稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟、稻飞虱的控制效果试验

进行99%绿颖乳油单用及与常规化学农药减量混用后对水稻主要害虫的控制效果试验,结果表明,99%绿颖乳油与常规防治农药5%锐劲特悬浮剂减量混用后增效明显,每公顷5%锐劲特悬浮剂300mL 99%绿颖乳油1500mL药后对稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟、稻飞虱有较好的控制效果,与5%锐劲特悬浮剂600mL药效无显著差异;99%绿颖乳油3000mL单剂处理,对稻飞虱有较好的控制效果,对稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟也有一定的控制能力。     

Short-term effects of de-oiled olive pomace mulching application on a young super high-density olive orchard

A two-year field experiment was performed in order to evaluate the suitability of de-oiled olive pomace for soil management in a young super high-density olive orchard. In the literature there are not works on this topic.     

1％阿维·鱼藤新型乳油防治柑橘红蜘蛛田间药效试验

采用1％阿维·鱼藤新型乳油对柑橘红蜘蛛进行田间药效试验。结果表明,1％阿维·鱼藤新型乳油500、1000和1500倍液3个处理对活动螨态均具优异的杀灭效果,药后1d,500倍液处理组防效显著高于对照药剂200阿维·哒3000倍液处理,二者各为99．70%±0．30％和93．64%±2.29％;药后5d,1％阿维·鱼藤新型乳油500、1000和1500倍液3个处理对活动螨态的防效与对照药剂相当,4者防效均高达94．72％以上。此外,1％阿维·鱼藤新型乳油1500、1000和500倍3个处理均对柑橘红蜘蛛螨卵具一定的杀卵效果,其中500倍处理组的杀卵作用较好,校正杀卵率达80．59%±2．51％。     

Response of potatoes to different nutrient solution management in a closed hydroponic system

Ion control of nutrient solutions to control nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) was developed for Superior (medium-to-early maturing) and Atlantic (mid-late) potato cultivars grown in closed hydroponic systems in which solutions were replenished and recirculated. Results were compared with conventional nutrient solution management strategies. In the “solution replacement” treatment, nutrient solutions were completely replaced each week. In the “electrical conductivity (EC) control” treatment, water use by potato plants was compensated by adding ground water to achieve the original volume (water replenishment) and the diluted EC of the solution was adjusted to the target levels using stock solution. In “ion control” treatment, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH₄H₂PO₄) and potassium nitrate (KNO₃) were added to the EC-controlled nutrient solution. The amounts increased with plant age in both cultivars. The concentrations of nitrate (NO₃), P, and K in the ion control nutrient solution could be maintained at target levels. In water replenishment, recycling of nutrient solution resulted in a progressive decrease in EC and an increase in pH. Root activity increased by 93% and 59% in the Superior and Atlantic cultivars, respectively, compared with the nutrient solution replacement. These changes decreased photosynthesis, plant growth, water use, and thus tuber growth in the Superior cultivar. Decreased growth of shoots and tubers occurred without affecting photosynthesis in the Atlantic cultivar. Although there were no significant differences in root activity, photosynthesis, or plant growth between the ion control treatment and the EC control treatment, increased tuber growth was observed in the ion control treatment, possibly as a result of the constant supply of nutrients. High tuber growth and the capability to maintain solution nutrient concentration in the ion control treatment are highly desirable for closed hydroponic systems.     

EC细网格在抚顺2次降水过程中的温度分析

利用EC细网格数值预报产品对2015年3月出现在抚顺章党站的2次一般性降水过程的温度变化进行诊断分析,结果表明,EC细网格预报的2m温度值作为未来温度预报的直接依据有一定的误差,在有降水时,EC细网格2m露点温度以及1 000 hPa风在y方向上的分量V在降水前后的变化可作为判断平流降温和非绝热降温的主要依据,如果降水开始后露点温度下降且V分量符号由正转负,说明有冷空气侵入,平流降温明显;如果降水开始后露点温度明显上升且V分量符号没有变化,始终为正值,说明没有冷空气侵入,以非绝热降温为主.     

应用25%菊乐合酯乳油防治马尾松毛虫

1988～1989年,金华县进行应用25％菊乐合酯乳油防治马尾松毛虫药效试验,并在大面积防治中推广应用了这种新的复配农药。结果表明:应用25％菊乐合酯孔油防治马尾松毛虫3～4龄幼虫在地面超低量喷雾防治时,60ml/hm~2就可取得96.3％的效果,用药成本1.05元/hm~2,比用2.5％溴氰菊酯乳油(3.60元/hm~2),20％杀灭菊酯乳油(2.55元/hm~2)分别下降2.55元/hm~2和1.50元/hm~2;飞机超低量喷雾防治马尾松毛虫3～4龄幼虫用药120g/hm~2即可,效果可达94.8％,用药成本比用2.5％溴氰菊酯乳油、20％杀灭菊酯礼油分别下降1.50元/hm~2和0.45元/hm~2。     

多拉菌素5%乳油防治甘蓝小菜蛾田间药效试验

多拉菌素5%乳油防治甘蓝小菜蛾,按推荐剂量5~15mL/667m2试验,结果表明,对1~3龄幼虫效果较明显,最佳施药时期为小菜蛾1~3龄期。防治效果最高可达95.22%。     

森林对鹫峰国家森林公园降水化学及树干茎流悬浮物的影响

通过对北京鹫峰国家森林公园两种不同林分（油松栓皮栎混交林和栓皮栎纯林）的降水化学特征的定位监测与分析,结果表明:大气降水的pH值变化范围为6.13～6.97,没有出现酸雨;电导率(EC)平均为0.18 mS/cm,悬浮物含量平均为44.02 mg/L.但降水通过林木树干后,其pH值、EC值及悬浮物含量均发生了显著变化.树干茎流出现不同程度的酸化现象:油松的酸化栓皮栎的酸化.混交林中油松树干茎流的EC值平均为1.00 mS/cm,是林外降水的5.88倍,纯林和混交林中栓皮栎的EC值差别不大,分别为0.34、0.30 mS/cm,分别是林外降水的2.00倍和1.76倍;油松树干茎流的EC值随夏季降水量、降水次数的增加而降低.混交林树干茎流的悬浮物平均含量为116.95 mg/L,纯林的为87.14 mg/L,分别比林外降水的高出72.93、43.12 mg/L.      

印楝素乳油对蜀柏毒蛾的防治效果研究

采用室内浸渍和室外喷雾的方法研究了不同浓度0.25%印楝素乳油对蜀柏毒蛾的防治效果。结果表明:室内药效测定600倍和900倍浓度处理36h之后幼虫的死亡率均达到100%,1 100倍溶液在48h后死亡率达到100%;林间喷药试验中,600倍液、900倍液、1 100倍液在72h后的幼虫死亡率分别为100%、90%和85%。因此,采用0.25%印楝素乳油防治蜀柏毒蛾,其浓度以900～1 100倍液为宜。     

水肥一体机EC传感器安装特性试验研究

【目的】确定水肥一体机EC传感器最佳安装角度。【方法】通过试验测定不同安装角度条件下,肥液的电导率值。【结果】从偏差系数可以看出,90°条件下(EC传感器处于水平位置),EC传感器所测得的EC值波动范围最小,其EC监测通道监测效果最好。且90°、135°、180°条件下,EC监测通道的监测效果要明显优于0°和45°条件。【结论】水肥一体机的EC传感器最佳安装角度为90°。同时,为避免溶质粘附在EC传感器的电极上面影响测量精度,应选用90(°水平方向)安装EC传感器,而不采用135°和180°条件安装。