根癌农杆菌介导玉米遗传转化的研究进展

对根癌农杆菌介导的玉米基因转化中包括外植体、基本培养基及其附加物、共培养温度、信号分子与vir基因的活化的几个关键因素研究进展作了论述。近年来的研究发现,大小为1~2mm的幼胚是较为理想的转化外植体,在外植体培养基本培养基一般多选用MS和N6,在基本培养基上附加有机氮和氨基酸、金属离子均有利于转化效率的提高。转化中的共培养温度一般在200C~250C之间。研究认为根癌农杆菌转化禾本科植物的困难在于禾本科植物缺乏酚类物质,难以诱导Vir基因活化表达,因此在转化中多采用加入外源的酚类物质如乙酰丁香酮来提高玉米转化的成功率。     

适用于4种玉米基因型的农杆菌转化方法的探讨

利用改良的农杆菌培养液、侵染液、共培养培养基和筛选培养基等技术体系,对4个玉米基因型Hi-Ⅱ、H99、国内2个优良自交系R18-599和齐319的新鲜幼胚、预培养幼胚、胚性愈伤组织进行了农杆菌转化研究,并比较了不同共培养方式对农杆菌侵染不同玉米组织的影响。结果表明,Hi-Ⅱ新鲜幼胚在固体培养基上共培养和滤纸上共培养后GUS基因瞬间表达率分别为83.7%和4.4%,前法优于后法;Hi-Ⅱ新鲜幼胚、预培养3 d的幼胚愈伤组织经农杆菌侵染后GUS基因瞬间表达率分别为83.7%和12.1%,新鲜幼胚比预培养的幼胚愈伤组织更适合于农杆菌转化。用上述优化的条件对另外3个不同基因型的2种不同外植体H99、齐319(新鲜幼胚)和R18-599（胚性愈伤组织）进行遗传转化,共培养3 d后的GUS基因瞬间表达率分别为65.2%、52.6%和58%,表明该转化体系适合于上述4种基因型的幼胚和胚性愈伤组织的遗传转化。此外农杆菌侵染Hi-Ⅱ新鲜幼胚后经在含巴龙霉素25~100 mg L^-1培养基上3轮选择后,抗性愈伤组织获得率为2.4%,近似反映了本研究的遗传转化率。其他3个基因型的抗性愈伤也正在筛选中。结果初步表明,本研究建立的农杆菌介导的玉米遗传转化体系可能对4种基因型均适用。     

农杆菌介导的大豆子叶节基因导入和再生植株

以栽培大豆南农７３－９３５，南农８７Ｃ－３９，南农８６－２１，卫５１５子叶节组织为材料，接种农杆菌Ｃ５８Ｃ１（ｐＧＶ２２６０：：ｐＧＶ３００），在含卡那霉素（ｋｍ）２００ｍｇ／ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上仅自卫５１５品种筛选得到５株抗性小植株，对其中最绿的一株进行新霉素磷酸转移酶Ⅱ活性测定。     

Proline and Glutamine Improve in vitro Callus Induction and Subsequent Shooting in Rice

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of proline and glutamine on in vitro callus induction and subsequent regeneration and to develop a reproducible and highly efficient plant regeneration protocol in four rice genotypes, viz. Pawana, Jaya, Indrayani and Ambemohar. Considerable variation in response to plant growth regulators and amino acid supplements used was observed in all the four genotypes. Medium supplemented with proline and glutamine was shown to be superior to medium without proline and glutamine. The best callusing from mature embryo was observed on Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D), 500 mg/L proline and 500 mg/L glutamine. Shoot induction was higher in the callus obtained from medium supplemented with 500 mg/L proline and 500 mg/L glutamine. The highest shoot regeneration frequency(83.2%) was observed on MS medium with 2.0 mg/L benzylaminopurine, 0.5 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, 500 mg/L proline, and 500 mg/L glutamine in the callus obtained from MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D, 500 mg/L proline and 500 mg/L glutamine. Among the four genotypes, Pawana has the highest regeneration efficiency(83.2%), whereas the regeneration efficiency of the rest three rice genotypes was in the range of 32.0% to 72.3%. This optimized regeneration protocol can be efficiently used for Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation in rice.     

Study on Transformation of Oriental Hybrid Lily by Agrobacterium-mediated

An efficient procedure was described for the transformation of the monocotyledonous oriental hybrid lily, Lilium cv. Siberia. by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation via leaves regeneration, The leaves of leaflets which derived from bulbs were sliced into 1.0 cm long and were co-cultivated with A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404/pB2AE12, which harbored a vector carrying the neomycin phosphotransferase, DREB2A genes in the T-DNA region. The suitable genetic transformation condition was determined as follows： the bacterial concentration reached 0.5-0.6 （OD600）, 15 min infection time, 20 mg.L^-1 acetosyingone, and 10.6 mmol.L^-1 NH4NO3 medium was used for co-cultivation 3 days, delayed 7 days for selecting by 30 mg.L^-1 kanamycin containing regeneration medium. Efficient shoot regeneration was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg.L^-1 naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.5 mg.L^-1 benzyladenine and 0.1 mg.L^-1 Kinetin after about 6 weeks culture. The presence ofDREB2A gene in the genomic DNA of regenerated plants was detected by means of PCR analysis.     

农杆菌介导的玉米遗传转化研究进展、问题与分析

综述了农杆菌介导的玉米遗传转化的研究历程和现状 ,并对技术问题和未来发展趋势进行了分析和讨论。     

柑橘转基因胚性愈伤组织的筛选与再生

转化子的高效筛选与再生是获得转基因植株的关键。为快速有效地筛选出转化子,并尽可能在较短时间内获得纯合的转基因植株,开展了柑橘胚性愈伤组织的转化研究。以椪柑、冰糖橙、默科特橘橙等胚性愈伤组织为外植体,采用根癌农杆菌介导法进行转化试验,根据愈伤组织再生过程中不同发育阶段的组织对抗生素的敏感程度及在不同筛选压下抗性组织的生长情况,提出了＂5步筛选再生法＂,获得了大量的再生细胞系,并经GUS检测证实为转化子。     

农杆菌介导大豆未成熟子叶的遗传转化

用农杆菌LBA4404(pGBI121S4ABC)转化5个大豆品种的未成熟子叶,经卡那霉素筛选得到抗性植株,进一步用PCR检测,获得10株PCR阳性植株.同时发现,不同大豆品种农杆菌转化的效率是不同的,吉林43较易于转化;共培养时间是影响转化效率的主要因子.     

农杆菌介导的吴屯杨遗传转化体系的建立

[目的]建立以农杆菌介导的吴屯杨遗传转化体系。[方法]以吴屯杨无菌苗叶片为遗传转化受体材料,采用农杆菌介导的转化方法,结合草甘膦(PPT)筛选,探讨影响吴屯杨叶片遗传转化效率的重要因素。[结果]吴屯杨叶片分化不定芽和生根的草甘膦临界浓度分别为0.8、0.6 mg/L。对预培养2～3 d的叶片,用OD600=0.4～0.5的菌液侵染10～15 min、共培养培养基中添加乙酰丁香酮(AS)200μmol/L、共培养3 d可有效提高吴屯杨遗传转化效率。对成活的转基因植株进行PCR检测,结果表明目的基因已转入吴屯杨中。[结论]该研究为进一步加强吴屯杨分子育种研究奠定了坚实的基础。     

基于农杆菌介导的小麦遗传转化体系的影响因素的分析

对用农杆菌介导法进行小麦的遗传转化中,小麦的基因型、外植体种类、农杆菌侵染条件、添加酚类化合物、表面活性剂、超声波和抽真空几个重要影响因素进行了分析,为建立小麦高效遗传转化体系奠定了基础。