发根农杆菌介导的向日葵遗传转化

本研究首次报道了发根农杆菌介导的向日葵遗传转化和毛状根形成的优化条件。由发根农杆菌诱导向日葵子叶和下胚轴形成的根在含卡那霉素（200 mg/L，kanamycin）的选择培养基(1/2 MS)上选择，12 d后存活的根转到无激素培养基上能快速生长，经分子检测证实其为毛状根。同时着重研究了不同诱导条件对向日葵毛状根形成的影响。结果发现适用于毛状根形成的最优条件为菌株R1205，菌液浓度（OD₆₀₀）1.0，15 min感染，共培养3 d，培养基pH 6.5，30 μmol/L乙酰丁香酮（acetosyingone）。在此条件下，子叶和下胚轴的毛状根形成率分别达到23.7％和81.6％。     

Field evaluation of antisense RNA mediated inhibition of GBSS gene expression in potato

Summary Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) catalyses the synthesis of amylose in starch granules. Analysis of antisense RNA mediated inhibition of GBSS gene expression in large numbers of tubers from in vitro grown, greenhouse grown and field grown transgenic potato plants revealed stable and total inhibition of GBSS gene expression in one clone. In three other transgenic genotypes partial and unstable inhibition was found. In these genotypes both GBSS activity and amylose content were remarkably reduced compared with the non-transformed control genotype. No relationship was found between the level of inhibition of GBSS gene expression and yield and dry matter content.     

腹泻抗原融合基因CTB-CS3对胡萝卜的遗传转化

CS3是CFA(产肠毒素型大肠杆菌引起腹泻时产生两类毒性因子之一)阳性株的保护性抗原。临床研究结果表明,以CS3作为疫苗可有效地防止由相关细菌导致的腹泻(董自正等,     

玉米胚性愈伤组织继代及侵染条件的优化

设计了含有不同2,4-D浓度的6种培养基用于玉米胚性愈伤组织的继代培养,对影响转化效率的侵染条件进行了研究,根据转化后所得的抗性愈伤组织数目及其分化率的评估结果表明,选用N6为基本培养基,添加1mg/L 2,4-D时,胚性愈伤组织继代长势较好,且在真空渗透的情况下,侵染5min,抗性愈伤组织数最多。经初步的PCR鉴定,利用优化的玉米遗传转化体系得到了转基因玉米植株。     

农杆菌介导的地被菊遗传转化体系的优化

本研究以地被菊‘北林黄’无菌苗叶片外植体为受体材料,以卡那霉素抗性基因为选择标记基因,对农杆菌介导的地被菊‘北林黄’的遗传转化体系进行优化。研究结果表明:选取植株中部叶片为转化受体,外植体在经过1d的预培养,用活化的OD600为0.6的农杆菌侵染10min,共培养2d,再经过3d延迟培养后转移到筛选培养基上培养,有利于提高遗传转化效率,外植体的愈伤组织获得数和抗性芽数均最高。在筛选后期,不定芽生根阶段使用的Kanamycin(Kan)选择压力为25mg/L。获得的部分Kan抗性植株经PCR检测,扩增出特异条带,初步证明目的基因已整合到‘北林黄’基因组DNA中。本研究将为进一步利用分子手段对地被菊进行遗传改良,并获得综合抗逆性提高的优异种质奠定基础。     

The Efficient Transformation of Wheat in Planta by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Transformation of wheat was performed by pipetting spikelets with Agrobacterium tumefaciens which contained expression vectors using Npt Ⅱ as reporter gene. Transformants were identified through kanamycin resistance, PCR and Southern blot. The results showed that transformation efficiency was within 2.0 to 3. 2 % in all tested varieties of wheat. Then the simple and efficient protocol of wheat transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in planta was primarily established.     

发根农杆菌的研究进展及其应用

阐述了发根农杆菌的性质及Ri质粒的结构和功能,介绍了发根农杆菌的转化机制及其转化方法,分析了影响发根农杆菌成功转化的因素,综述了发根农杆菌在理论研究、植物基因工程、植物品种改良、植物次生代谢产物生产和植物栽培生根等方面的应用。     

根癌农杆菌介导玉米遗传转化的研究进展

对根癌农杆菌介导的玉米基因转化中包括外植体、基本培养基及其附加物、共培养温度、信号分子与vir基因的活化的几个关键因素研究进展作了论述。近年来的研究发现,大小为1~2mm的幼胚是较为理想的转化外植体,在外植体培养基本培养基一般多选用MS和N6,在基本培养基上附加有机氮和氨基酸、金属离子均有利于转化效率的提高。转化中的共培养温度一般在200C~250C之间。研究认为根癌农杆菌转化禾本科植物的困难在于禾本科植物缺乏酚类物质,难以诱导Vir基因活化表达,因此在转化中多采用加入外源的酚类物质如乙酰丁香酮来提高玉米转化的成功率。     

Meropenem as an Alternative Antibiotic Agent for Suppression of Agrobacterium in Genetic Transformation of Orchid

A case of Meropenem as a novel antibacterial agent to suppress and eliminate Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of orchid protocorm-like bodies （PLBs） has been reported in this article. The in vitro activities of meropenem and four comparator antibacterial agents against three Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, LBA4404, EHA101, and GV3101, were assessed. In addition, the effect of meropenem on the growth of Dendrobium phalaenopsis PLBs was determined. Compared with other commonly used antibiotics （including ampicillin, carbenicillin, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone）, meropenem showed the highest activity in suppressing all tested A. tumefaciens strains （minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] 〈 0.5 mg L^-1, which is equal to minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC]）. Meropenem, at all tested concentrations, except for 10 mg L^-1 concentration, had little negative effect on the growth of orchid tissues. The A. tumefaciens strain EHA101 in genetic transformation with vector plG121Hm in infected PLBs of the orchid was visually undetectable after a two-month subculture in 1/2 MS medium with 50 mg L^-1 meropenem and 25 mg L^-1 hygromacin. The expression and incorporation of the transgenes were confirmed by GUS histochemical assay and PCR analysis. Meropenem may be an alternative antibiotic for the effective suppression of A. tumefaciens in genetic transformation.     

农杆菌介导的海岛棉茎尖再生体系及其遗传转化影响因子的研究

采用根癌农杆菌LBA4404和EHA105介导,对海岛棉的茎尖再生体系及其转化影响因子进行了研究。茎尖培养与棉花体细胞胚胎发生相比,不同基因型的茎尖再生频率差异不明显;在9种不同的激素组合中,以6-BA0.5 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L与1/2MSB5 IBA 0.1 mg/L对茎尖的再生效果较好;获得较高转化频率的海岛棉培养条件为:海岛苗茎尖在OD600值为0.6~0.8农杆菌菌液中感染20~30 min,共培养3 d后进行转接,在含有不同激素和抗生素的各类培养基中进行抑菌和筛选继代培养,选择压以50~150 mg/L梯度进行;农杆菌以EHA105菌株的转化效果较好;抗性苗用SDS-CTAB法提取其总DNA,进行PCR扩增检测,有7株PCR检测呈阳性反应。由此,初步证明外源抗虫基因已经进入到再生植株的细胞核中。