Hepatitis E virus as an emerging zoonotic pathogen

Hepatitis E outbreaks are a serious public health concern in developing countries. The disease causes acute infections, primarily in young adults. The mortality rate is approximately 2%; however, it can exceed 20% in pregnant women in some regions in India. The causative agent, hepatitis E virus (HEV), has been isolated from several animal species, including pigs. HEV genotypes 3 and 4 have been isolated from both humans and animals, and are recognized as zoonotic pathogens. Seroprevalence studies in animals and humans indirectly suggest that HEV infections occur worldwide. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans via undercooked animal meats in developed countries. Moreover, transfusion- and transplantation-mediated HEV infections have recently been reported. This review summarizes the general characteristics of hepatitis E, HEV infection status in animals and humans, the zoonotic transmission modes of HEV, and HEV vaccine development status.     

Blood, Bull Terriers and Babesiosis: further evidence for direct transmission of Babesia gibsoni in dogs

This study reports on the epidemiology of Babesia gibsoni in American Pit Bull Terriers living in a region of western Victoria in southern Australia. Both American Pit Bull Terriers (n = 100) and other dog breeds (n = 51) were screened for B gibsoni using immunofluorescent antibody testing (IFAT) and/or polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). A questionnaire was also completed by each dog owner, ascertaining the husbandry and habits of the dogs sampled. Fourteen dogs were positive for B gibsoni using IFAT and/or PCR-RFLP and all were American Pit Bull Terriers. Dogs that were male and/or had been bitten by or were biters of other American Pit Bull Terriers were more likely to be B gibsoni positive, thus suggesting that blood-to-blood transmission contributes to the spread of this disease between dogs.     

Purinergic control of the quail rectum: modulation of adenosine 5'-triphosphate-mediated contraction with acetylcholine

Electrical field stimulation (EFS) induces frequency-dependent contractions of the longitudinal muscle of isolated quail rectum which were sensitive to tetrodotoxin. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether purinergic neurons are implicated in the response to nerve stimulation. The shape of the EFS-induced contractile response was different depending on stimulus frequency; low frequencies (0.5-2 Hz) induced fast monophasic contractions with a small subsequent relaxation; whereas higher frequencies (5-50 Hz) induced biphasic contractile response that comprised fast initial component (as in case of low frequency) and a slow delayed contractile component in addition to the relaxation that follows the fast contractile component. Prior application of atropine (10 microM) completely abolished the slow delayed component but significantly enhanced the fast initial contractile component. Physostigmine (1-10 microM) significantly enhanced the slow delayed component with an inhibitory effect on the initial fast component. The nonspecific purinergic receptor antagonist, suramin (100-500 microM) significantly inhibited the fast initial contractile component with no significant effect on the slow delayed one. Complete blockade of the fast component was achieved by prior application of a combination consisted of suramin (50 microM) and pyridoxicalphosphate-6-azophenyl 2',4'-disulphonic acid tetrasodium (PPADS; 10 microM). Exogenous applications of adenosine 5'-triphosphate and acetylcholine (10 microM each), produced contractile responses that mimicked those induced by EFS. These data suggest that ATP is the main noncholinergic excitatory transmitter controlling the contractile activity of the quail rectum; and that its action could be modulated by acetylcholine.     

机动车废气分析仪信号处理系统的智能化设计

提出了机动车废气分析仪的智能化组成及其实现信号处理的全过程。详细阐述了信号处理的软硬件的实现。实验结果表明：本系统克服了传统不分光红外线分析仪固有的缺陷。进一步保证了测量数据的正确性和准确性。     

步行轮式气垫车围裙—地面阻力特性分析

对步行轮式气垫车围裙－地面阻力特性进行了分析。建立了步行轮式气垫车围裙－地面阻力的精确数学模型，并进行了试验验证。探讨了几个主要因素对围裙－地面阻力的影响。     

An Information System for Vehicle Transport Management

This paper proposes a model framework, which describes the function requirements and the common characterstics of vehicle transport management. With the frame, a computer vehicle transportation managerment information system(QCMIS)is in troduced here and it has already been put into practice. The key technical points is also explained in the paper.     

Electro-circuit Design About the Data Acquisition and Wireless Transmission System Based on High-speed SCM

Considering the difficult of acquiring and transmission the signal from the moving equipment, a new fault diagnosis monitoring system is presented. The system acquires the state signal from the moving equipment by data acquisition module that based in W77E58 high-speed SCM, and transmits the data fast by wireless mode. The signal data can be use for fault diagnosis and precise analysis. The system has the ability for acquiring abundance of data with a high speed, the ability for high accuracy data conversion, and has a function of programme controlling gain and programme controlling low-pass filtering. The successful application of this system on the vibration monitor about the material-transporting bogie in an iron works of a domestic steel enterprise proves the stability and credibility about the design project, also testifies its practical value and versatility.     

人在环路模拟驾驶仿真实验系统研发

汽车是人机协同控制的复杂系统,基于NI PXIe8108实时控制器、PXI7842R数据采集卡、模拟驾驶输入设备及相关软硬件搭建了驾驶模拟仿真系统;用LabVIEW编程语言建立了车辆动力学模型;用虚拟引擎Unity3D软件开发了视景系统;并通过数据库技术使仿真过程与视景系统相结合,实现仿真过程与三维动画实时视景系统的数据交互。结果表明：通过人在环路模拟驾驶仿真实验,使仿真过程中引入了驾驶模拟操纵,实现了人在环路的人机交互式仿真,得到汽车相关性能仿真结果,为驾驶过程中人和汽车协同控制仿真和极端工况下的仿真,提供了一种安全、可靠的人车协同控制仿真环境。