灰分和碳烟分布对DPF再生性能的影响研究

运用三维仿真软件(CFD)建立柴油机后处理系统(DOC+DPF)三维模型,分析了微粒捕集器孔道内部碳烟和灰分分布不均匀对其再生特性的影响.结果表明:排温较高时,"线性增加"型的碳烟分布再生温度温升速率快,再生效率高,"线性减少"型的碳烟分布温升速率较慢,峰值温度高,再生效率差;孔道进口末端灰分沉积越多,再生温度峰值和压...     

基于损耗模型的永磁同步电机高效控制参数敏感性分析

针对分析参数变化对电机损耗效率的影响建立了永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)损耗模型,推导出电机损耗最小的最优定子电流。然后,分析铁损电阻、铜损电阻以及磁链变化对损耗精度的影响。结果表明,当铁损电阻变为原来的1.2倍时,总损耗效率增加1.0%;当铜损电阻变为原来1.5倍时,总损耗效率下降28%;当磁链变为原来的1.4倍时,总损耗效率下降1.4%。通过电机损耗的参数敏感性分析,为基于模型的电机高效率控制提供了重要参考。     

枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对盐胁迫下冬小麦生长与土壤水氮分布的影响

为了研究枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂在盐胁迫下对冬小麦生长与土壤水氮分布的影响,以盆栽冬小麦种植为试验手段,在8 g/kg的盐分质量比下,设置枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂质量比为0(CK),1(G1),3(G3),5(G5)和7(G7)g/kg等5种施加梯度处理,分析了冬小麦株高、叶面积、生物量以及土壤水分和硝态氮含量的变化情况.结果表明:①...     

补播禾草对退化苜蓿草地生产性能及牧草品质的影响

针对宁夏半干旱区7龄以上苜蓿(Medicago sativa)草地退化导致的牧草产量低、品质差等问题,本试验采用单因素随机区组设计,研究了多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、披碱草(Elymus nutans)、苇状羊茅(Festuca arundi-nacea)、无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)、鸭...     

Improvement in winter wheat productivity through regulating PSⅡ photochemistry,photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence under deficit irrigation conditions

Deficit irrigation is critical to global food production, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions with low precipitation. Given water shortage has threatened agricultural sustainability under the dry-land farming system in China, there is an urgent need to develop effective water-saving technologies. We carried out a field study under two cultivation techniques:(1) the ridge and furrow cultivation model(R); and(2) the conventional flat farming model(F), and three simulated precipitation level...     

云南烟叶可持续发展规范(STP)推广成效与启示

可持续发展是烟草行业现代化的发展方向,也是增强烟草行业核心竞争力的重要主题。笔者分析了2017—2020年云南省烟叶可持续发展规范(STP)的实施情况及对云南烟叶出口量的影响,总结了领导机制的建设、专项资金的灵活使用、人才队伍的建设、数字化管理平台的构建方面的主要做法。认为云南STP的实施间接地影响了全省烟叶安全性、生产方式及生产管理理念,云南烟叶出口适销率逐年上升。结合云南烟叶生产实际,为保障STP生产管理的有效实施,提出建立STP行业标准、强化劳动用工规范、推进质量追溯、以绿色销售拉动绿色生产。     

Effects of landscape structure on nest predation in roadsides of a midwestern agroecosystem: a multiscale analysis

Nest predation is an important cause of mortality for many bird species, especially in grassland ecosystems where generalist predators have responded positively to human disturbance and landscape fragmentation. Our study evaluated the influence of the composition and configuration of the surrounding landscape on nest predation. Transects consisting of 10 artificial ground nests each were set up in 136 roadsides in six watersheds in south-central Iowa. Nest predation on individual roadside transects ranged from 0 to 100% and averaged 23%. The relationship of landscape structure within spatially-nested landscapes surrounding each roadside transect (within 200, 400, 800, 1200, and 1600 m of the transect line) to nest predation was evaluated by using multiple regression and canonical correlation analyses. The results of this multiscale landscape analysis demonstrated that predation on ground nests was affected by the surrounding landscape mosaic and that nest predators with different-sized home ranges and habitat affinities responded to landscapes in different ways. In general, wooded habitats were associated with greater nest predation, whereas herbaceous habitats (except alfalfa/pasture) either were associated with less nest predation or were not important. Different landscape variables were important at different spatial scales. Whereas some block-cover habitats such as woodland were important at all scales, others such as rowcrops and alfalfa/pasture were important at large scales. Some strip-cover habitats such as gravel roads and paved roads were important at small scales, but others such as wooded roadsides were important at all all scales. Most landscape metrics (e.g., mean patch size and edge density) were important at large scales. Our study demonstrated that the relationships between landscape structure and predator assemblages are complex, thus making efforts to enhance avian productivity in agricultural landscapes a difficult management goal.     

河北辣椒

通过介绍河北省独特的气候、地理优势,河北辣椒的栽培历史、生产现状和主要栽培方式,以及辣椒研究和育种方面所取得的成绩,使人们对河北辣椒有一个较全面的认识,达到相互了解,相互学习的目的。     

湖南省露地黄瓜霜霉病发生规律及综合防治技术探讨

经过两年的调查研究,明确了湖南省露地黄瓜霜霉病的发生规律,并在此基础上,提出了以农业防治为基础,大力推广抗性品种,辅以生物防治、化学防治的综合防治策略,能较好地控制黄瓜霜霉病的发生为害。     

宁波市农业自然资源及其可持续利用

从宁波市农业自然资源形成的自然地理环境基础着手,分析了宁波市农业自然资源的基本特征,进一步论述了宁波市在开发利用农业自然资源中存在的主要问题,并针对这些问题提出了宁波市农业自然资源可持续利用的若干对策。