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论述乡村振兴背景下新型农业人才培养的必要性。分析新时代新型农业人才培养面临的主要问题,表现为新型农业人才不足且农村人才整体水平较低,新型农业人才引进、培养和激励机制建设力度不足。提出新时代新型农业人才培养对策,包括农业高校建立新型农业人才培养体系,健全新型农业人才引进、培养和激励机制,校企联合、产学研结合培养新型农业人才。 相似文献
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Impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions: Evidence from low-income regions in China
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This study examines the impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions, using survey data collected from low-income regions in China. Given farmers decide themselves whether to cultivate cash crops, an endogenous treatment regression model that accounts for potential selection bias issue is used to analyze the data. The empirical results show that cash crop cultivation exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on household income, but it does not affect household migration decisions significantly. The disaggregated analyses reveal that cash crop cultivation significantly increases farm income but decreases off-farm income. 相似文献
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针对黑龙江省频发的干旱、暴雨洪涝、霜冻、风雹等农业气象灾害进行分析,并提出切实可行的防灾减灾措施,为相关部门制定农业生产决策提供科学依据。 相似文献
76.
结合鄂尔多斯市农业生产实际,重点分析了主要气象灾害及其对农业生产的影响,并提出了气象服务措施,以增强农作物产量和品质,提升农民收入水平。 相似文献
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改革开放40年来,我国农业生产有了大幅改善,正由农业大国向农业强国、传统农业向现代农业转变,"互联网+"作为一种新型技术,已成为推动现代农业发展的重要抓手。但当前我国仍在农业发展理念、农业信息基础设施和技术水平、农业信息化平台建设、农村交通设施、专业人才培养等方面存在不足。在"互联网+"的背景下指出现代农业发展过程中存在的问题,并给出对策建议,以期为推动现代农业发展提供参考。 相似文献
78.
Ridge-furrow plastic mulching with a suitable planting density enhances rainwater productivity,grain yield and economic benefit of rainfed maize 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Soil surface mulching and planting density regulation are widely used for effective utilization of limited rainwater resources and improvement of crop productivity in dryland farming.However,the combined effects of mulching type and planting density on maize growth and yield have been seldom studied,especially in different hydrological years.A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of mulching type and planting density on the soil temperature,growth,grain yield(GY),water use efficiency(WUE)and economic benefit of rainfed maize in the drylands of northern China during 2015-2017.Precipitation fluctuated over the three years.There were four mulching types(NM,flat cultivation with non-mulching;SM,flat cultivation with straw mulching;RP,plastic-mulched ridge plus bare furrow;RPFS,plastic-mulched ridge plus straw-mulched furrow)and three planting densities(LD,low planting density,45.0×10^3 plants/hm^2;MD,medium planting density,67.5×10^3 plants/hm^2;HD,high planting density,90.0×10^3 plants/hm^2).Results showed that soil temperature was higher with RP and lower with SM compared with NM,but no significant difference was found between RPFS and NM.More soil water was retained by soil mulching at the early growth stage,but it significantly varied at the middle and late growth stages.Maize growth was significantly improved by soil mulching.With increasing planting density,stem diameter,net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content tended to decline,whereas a single-peak trend in biomass yield was observed.Mulching type and planting density did not have significant effect on evapotranspiration(ET),but GY and WUE were significantly affected.There were significant interacting effects of mulching type and planting density on biomass yield,GY,ET and WUE.Compared with NM,RPFS,RP and SM increased GY by 57.5%,50.8%and 18.9%,and increased WUE by 66.6%,54.3%and 18.1%,respectively.At MD,GY increased by 41.4%and 25.2%,and WUE increased by 38.6%and 22.4%compared with those of at LD and HD.The highest maize GY(7023.2 kg/hm^2)was observed under MD+RPFS,but the value(6699.1 kg/hm^2)was insignificant under MD+RP.Similar trends were observed for WUE under MD+RP and MD+RPFS,but no significant difference was observed between these two combinations.In terms of economic benefit,net income under MD+RP was the highest with a 9.8%increase compared with that of under MD+RPFS.Therefore,we concluded that RP cultivation pattern with a suitable planting density(67.5×10^3 plants/hm^2)is promising for rainwater resources utilization and maize production in the drylands of northern China. 相似文献
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