猪α-干扰素表达系统及其应用的研究进展

就猪α-干扰素的分子特征、生物学特性、表达系统和猪基因工程α-干扰素的应用进行综述,以期为猪α-干扰素在广谱抗病毒活性、抗肿瘤以及免疫调节的临床应用提供参考。     

猪场建设中“水”问题的探讨

给水及排水是在猪场规划建设时就应该统筹考虑的重大问题。从给水工程设计和废水处理两方面探讨了猪场建设中所涉及的"水"问题,介绍了水源、水量、水质、水温控制、施工要点、废水处理方式等诸多细节,以供同行参考。     

系统工程在畜牧业中的应用

本文主要从畜牧业发展战略与规划、遗传育种、营养、养猪、养禽、养羊、养牛等方面阐述了系统工程近二十年来在畜牧业的应用。     

基因工程技术的发展及其在农作物上的应用

对基因工程技术的发展历程进行了概述,总结了不同的转基因方法;对基因工程技术在农作物上的应用进行了阐述;分析了转基因技术目前存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

GMOs in animal agriculture: time to consider both costs and benefits in regulatory evaluations

In 2012, genetically engineered (GE) crops were grown by 17.3 million farmers on over 170 million hectares. Over 70% of harvested GE biomass is fed to food producing animals, making them the major consumers of GE crops for the past 15 plus years. Prior to commercialization, GE crops go through an extensive regulatory evaluation. Over one hundred regulatory submissions have shown compositional equivalence, and comparable levels of safety, between GE crops and their conventional counterparts. One component of regulatory compliance is whole GE food/feed animal feeding studies. Both regulatory studies and independent peer-reviewed studies have shown that GE crops can be safely used in animal feed, and rDNA fragments have never been detected in products (e.g. milk, meat, eggs) derived from animals that consumed GE feed. Despite the fact that the scientific weight of evidence from these hundreds of studies have not revealed unique risks associated with GE feed, some groups are calling for more animal feeding studies, including long-term rodent studies and studies in target livestock species for the approval of GE crops. It is an opportune time to review the results of such studies as have been done to date to evaluate the value of the additional information obtained. Requiring long-term and target animal feeding studies would sharply increase regulatory compliance costs and prolong the regulatory process associated with the commercialization of GE crops. Such costs may impede the development of feed crops with enhanced nutritional characteristics and durability, particularly in the local varieties in small and poor developing countries. More generally it is time for regulatory evaluations to more explicitly consider both the reasonable and unique risks and benefits associated with the use of both GE plants and animals in agricultural systems, and weigh them against those associated with existing systems, and those of regulatory inaction. This would represent a shift away from a GE evaluation process that currently focuses only on risk assessment and identifying ever diminishing marginal hazards, to a regulatory approach that more objectively evaluates and communicates the likely impact of approving a new GE plant or animal on agricultural production systems.     

基于MOOC+SPOC+翻转课堂的制药工程专业教学模式探索

新兴信息技术在教育领域广泛应用,地方高校借助MOOC+SPOC模式加强教育教学改革,将翻转课堂教学模式融入教学运行中。根据高校制药类专业课程教学特点,从教学信息平台建设、课程内容以及考核评价等方面对制药工程专业课程教学进行探索,提升课程教学内涵,探索对培养制药工程人才和提高教学质量的作用。     

细胞工程技术选育的草地早熟禾新种质的耐热性分析

通过对离体培养的草地早熟禾丛生芽块进行高温处理,筛选出一批耐热性好的小芽。小芽成苗后移栽到花盆在自然条件下生长。半年后对这些株系和原品种的植株进行热胁迫处理,同时测定叶绿素荧光、丙二醛含量、离子渗漏率、叶绿素含量等生理指标的变化,得出细胞工程株系的植株耐热性明显较高,热胁迫处理后损伤程度小于原品种植株。表明利用细胞工程技术能有效获得耐热性显著提高的草地早熟禾植株,为选育草地早熟禾耐热新种质提供材料。     

新形势下基层农业技术推广队伍的调查研究——以河北省为研究案例

中国农技推广队伍曾为农业的发展作出了巨大的贡献,但是随着经济的发展,这一队伍中暴露出了许多与新形势不适应的问题。为了发现并解决这些问题,课题组以河北省为研究案例,对玉田等县的农技推广队伍的现状进行了调研,在此基础上,提出了农技推广队伍发展的相应建议。     

高校创新培养新模式探索——文献阅读模式改革

随着我国高校学生培养水平的整体提高及对学生学习、掌握理论与技能要求的进一步提高,对其培养模式的新探索也随之展开。本文针对高校本科生与研究生在文献阅读中普遍存在的“不会找,不会读,读不懂”三大难题,借助例会等形式进行文献阅读改革的探索,对所阅读文献的内容,质量,侧重点等进行具体规划,并辅以凝练总结加以强化。团队多年来在教学模式中的探索与实践表明,通过5个部分对文献讲读因材施教,学生理论水平提升效果明显,对科研思维的培养也有较高的指导意义,为其学习专业领域知识及科研领域探索奠定更稳固的基础。本文结合团队多年来教学培养新模式中的探索经验,提出几点措施与建议,供大家参考。     

采用根滤去污工艺的污水净化植物补救系统决策支持软件

为了开发利用植物去除因吸收污染水而产生的重金属的商业化根滤系统和植物去污补救工艺,研究开发了微型计算机软件,以便为该系统的设计与运行提供参考。建立了一个基于Michaelis-Menton方程的工艺模型,可以定量确定在根滤系统中的植物积累和去除毒素物质的能力。采用一系列的算法处理信息并编入一个根滤设施的系统模型内。该系统模型将植物补救系统的物理元件——植物苗圃、根过滤系统、水的前处理与后处理、植物生物质的产后处理等与系统设计的工程方面包括工艺、运行、设施和系统集成结合起来。该软件内含的工程经济分析工具可用于分析主要设计变量对系统效率的影响