农药废水深度处理中试研究

[目的]研究生物滤池工艺对废水中COD和氨氮的降解效果。[方法]采用2级生物滤池工艺,以生化处理后的农药废水为研究对象,考察了装置对进水的COD和氨氮的去除效果。[结果]采用2级串联生物滤池处理该废水,能有效降低废水中的COD和氨氮。当进水COD在110～180 mg/L、氨氮在150～250 mg/L时,出水水质能够达到《污水综合排放标准》GB8978-1996一级标准,即COD≤100 mg/L、氨氮≤15 mg/L。[结论]为该生物滤池工艺用于农药废水处理工程的实施提供了可靠参数及依据。     

Effect of advanced glycosylation end products on level of nitric oxide and activity of nitric oxide synthase in cultured macrophages

AIM:To study the mechanism and effect of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) on NO pathway in cultured macrophages.METHODS:The level of NO and NOS activity were measured by NO and NOS kits in cultured macrophages. RESULTS:The results showed that AGEs induced decreases in NO level and NOS activity in a time and dose-related manner in interleukin-1 (IL-1)-stimulated macrophages. VitE can significantly inhibited effects of AGEs on IL-1-stimulated macrophages. CONCLUSION:AGEs can decrease NO production via inhibiting NOS activity in IL-1-stimulated macrophages. VitE can protect the cells from AGEs injury. It is an important theoretical basis for preventing chronic complication in diabetes mellitus.     

Establishment of a bank of positive controls for diagnosis of quarantine viruses and viroids in Brazil through PCR and RT-PCR

The analysis of plant materials such as seeds, seedlings and other units for vegetative propagation that are imported, before planting in the country, routinely transported across international borders, is essential to decrease the imminent risk of introducing exotic pathogens, considered A1 pests. However, this requires the use of reliable positive controls, to prevent any false positives and/or negative results, causing undesirable consequences. The aims of this study were to set up a bank of positive controls constituted, in most cases, by the cDNA of the viral capsid gene cloned into commercial plasmid and propose diagnostic primers for PCR and RT-PCR assays. Genomic fragments of 41 quarantine viruses and two quarantine viroids in Brazil, as well as 12 regulated non-quarantine viruses, were cloned in plasmids, to be used as a positive control in diagnostic RT-PCR and PCR tests. Besides being a safer and more economical alternative, this bank will avoid the use of virus-infected tissue or total nucleic acid, which would still be infectious. The correct usage of this kind of positive control would eliminate the risk of incidental introduction of exotic viruses in Brazil.     

茶叶压扁机的整机研究与设计

[目的]研究与设计一种新型茶叶压扁机,改变我国现有扁形茶制茶机工作效率低、不能保证茶叶质量等问题。[方法]采用先进原则及类比设计方法,借鉴传统的用加压板模仿手工制茶原理,设计了一种新型茶叶压扁机。[结果]该茶叶压扁机提高了扁形茶的制茶作业生产率和作业质量,以机械制茶代替人工制茶,大幅减轻了劳动强度,节约了生产成本,同时,提高了扁形茶的制茶品质。[结论]该机综合性能优,可靠性高,适应性强,调节方便,可以满足茶叶压扁这一工艺的需求。     

橡胶树胶木兼优引进品系热试21高级系比试验初报

橡胶树品系热试21是引种的胶木兼优品系,经过10 a的高级系比区试种试验,综合表现突出:开割前离地1.5 m处树围平均增粗8.72 cm,极显著高于对照(RRIM600);开割后3割年间的平均年干胶产量2.22 kg/株和1 012.05 kg/hm2,分别比对照高55.24%和146.04%;在2008年寒害中寒害级别低于对照,10 a累计风害断倒率低于对照;第3割年末死皮停割率为3.0%,比对照高1.2个百分点,无显著差异。根据该品种特性,建议在相似类型植胶环境扩大试验试种面积。     

复合填料在人工湿地尾水深度处理工艺中的应用

[目的]介绍了复合填料在观澜河清湖段高效垂直流人工湿地尾水深度处理工程中的应用。[方法]开发出一种新型的人工湿地复合填料,对废水中COD、BOD5、NH3-N和TP等指标进行连续18个月的监测分析,研究了该复合填料在人工湿地系统中对城镇污水处理厂尾水深度处理的效果。[结果]废水中COD、BOD5、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分别为71.3%、72.5%、84.7%和77.5%,湿地出水水质达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)中的Ⅲ类标准;计算得到COD、BOD5、NH3-N和TP的平均面积反应速率常数(KA)值分别为0.53、0.60、1.09和0.69 m/d。[结论]该复合填料在人工湿地深度处理城镇污水处理厂尾水工程中取得了理想的效果。     

杉木不同水平试验林的遗传参数估算和高世代育种的亲本评选

利用杉木种源试验、杉木半同胞子代自由授粉试验和杉木全同胞子代试验3类共6片试验林中材积、树高、胸径、枝下高、枝高比和木芯密度共6个性状的资料,采用转化分析原理,进行方差分析以获得各种参数,在此基础上采用主成分指数和基本指数公式,按较大的入选率进行逆向选择,以获得若干优良种源和优良家系(半同胞或全同胞),然后采用优良家系...     

微污染水源水处理技术研究进展

对国内外微污染水源水处理技术的研究进行了阐述,并对我国微污染水源水的发展进行了展望。     

布氏杆菌病检测技术的研究进展

综述了检测布氏杆菌病的新老方法。布氏杆菌病(Brucellosis)在全球引起巨大的经济损失,对人危害严重,基因苗即将为其防制提供保障。认为,细菌学检验和凝集试验测将淘汰;沉淀试验和补体结合试验不理想;放射免疫试验不能广泛运用;变态反应主要用于绵羊,也用于山羊的筛检,不作山羊个体的诊断依据。竞争酶联免疫吸附试验尚无诊断标准。间接酶联免疫吸附试验是一种先进、快速、可靠的新方法,但不能区别疫苗抗体与致病株抗体。PCR可检1pg的布氏杆菌DNA,应用细菌DNA检测是最可靠的方法。最近建立的荧光探针分析可在野外快速准确地诊断,可用于家畜和野生动物的检测。     

大豆近轴和远轴叶面特征与其高度避日性取向的生理意义

大豆远轴叶面具有高密度的茸毛和气孔及大量连片状蜡质。小叶两而气孔对水分亏缺和光强变化的反应有差异。严重水分胁迫下,大豆末端小叶在中午呈高度避日态—对缺水不敏感、对强光敏感的远轴叶面气孔向光,除增大反射显著降低叶温外,还遮盖了一侧生小叶,极显著减缓了三出复叶木质部水势的下降,并且维持了较高的叶片净光合