Enhancement of Tuberous Root Production and Adenosine 5'-Diphosphate Pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) Activity in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) by Exogenous Injection of Sucrose Solution

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is a key enzyme governing starch synthesis and is regarded as an important determinant of the sink activity of the sweet potato root. In this study, assuming that the expression of AGPase is under the direct or indirect control of sucrose, we investigated the effect of exogenous injection of sucrose solution into a plant on the activity of AGPase and tuberous root production. Sucrose solutions of 6 and 12 %, and distilled water as the control, were injected into the top of the shoot. The application of sucrose solution was effective in increasing tuberous root production and increasing the ratio of tuberous root weight to total root weight in a plant. AGPase activity in roots was enhanced by about 25 % by injecting sucrose solution. These results suggest that AGPase and sink activities are controlled by sucrose transported from the leaves. To increase sweet potato production effectively, AGPase activity and sink function must be enhanced, and so a genetic and physiological improvement in photosynthetic function or sucrose productivity in the leaves is necessary to increase AGPase activity in sink organs.     

猴头菌及其药物制品腺苷等药效成分分析

本研究通过薄层层析HPLC方法着重分析了猴头菌的腺苷成分，并对猴头菌的药物制品-胃乐宁浸膏的组成成分和矿质元素进行了测定。研究发现猴头菌丝体中存在着较高含量的腺苷，同时在其固体发酵培养物、浸膏和片剂中的检测到了一定含量的猴头菌腺苷、腺苷含量依次为：浸膏＞片剂＞固体培养物。胃乐宁浸膏的主要成分是糖、蛋白和灰分，并含有多种对人体有益的矿质元素。     

Experimental study on effects of ATP and its derivatives on the proliferation of the immortalized human fibroblasts

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effects of ATP on proliferation of immortalized human fibroblasts, and learn what subtypes of P-2 purinergic receptors are involved in ATP cytotoxicity.METHODS:The immortalized human fibroblast cell line KMST-6 was cultured with ATP and its derivatives including ADP, β,γ-methyleneadenosine5'-triphosphate(MeATP), 2'&3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl) adenosine, triethylammonium salt (BzATP), adenosine 5'-O-(3-methiotriphosphate)(ATPγS), 2-methylthioadenosine 5'-triphosphate(2-MeATP) and UTP, and the cell cycle analysis was finished using flow-cytometer, the cell apoptosis analysis was made using Hoechst 33258 and examination of DNA ladder.RESULTS: The extent of cytotoxicity induced by these drugs was found to be in order of : ATP=ADP＞ATPγS＞MeATP=BzATP, neither 2-MeSATP nor UTP showed any cytotoxicity. No enhanced expression of P²¹ was observed and the cell cycle was held in G₁/S in the cells treated with 0.4mmol/L;no cell apoptosis was detected in the cells treated with 1mmol/L ATP.CONCLUSION: Connecting with P_2X or P_2Y purinergic receptors,ATP activated some intracellular signals to inhibit cell growth, the growth inhibition caused by ATP was not due to apoptosis or induction of cyclin/CDK kinase inhibitor,P²¹.     

Experimental study on pathogenesis of salt-induced hypertension

AIM:To reveal the pathogenesis of salt-induced hypertension.METHODS:Forty male SD rats were divided into five groups, which received on same chow but different drink. Control(NC)group: deionized water; High salt(HS)group: 1.5% NaCl solution; L-arginine(HS+Arg)group: L-arginine(4 g·kg^-1·d^-1)in 1.5% NaCl solution; Enalapril (HS+En) group: enalapril (30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) in 1.5% NaCl solution; Terazozin(HS+Ter)group: terazozin(4 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)in 1.5% NaCl solution. At the end of 8 weeks, rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. Blood pressure(BP)were recorded and blood were drawn from inferior vena cava and kidneys, adrenals were removed. NO(x),ET and AngII, Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase and proscillaridin-like compound(PLC)were assayed.RESULTS:BP, PLC and ET in plasma and AngII in adrenal were increased, NO(x)and AngII in plasma and kidney were decreased in HS group compared with NC group.CONCLUSION:High salt intake may induce hypertension in SD rats. In addition to the Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity was inhibited by increased sodium-pump inhibitors, NO release decrease may also play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.     

Changes and significance of ATPase and free radical in aged rats with brain ischemia-reperfusion

AIM: To study the mechanism of brain ischemia-reperfusion injury from ATPase activity and free radical metabolism in aged rats. METHODS: The young rats (5 months) and the aged rats (more than 20 months) were divided into young control group(YCG), young model group(YMG), aged control group(ACG) and aged model group(AMG). The ATPase and SOD activities and the contents of MDA, Ca^2＋, Na^＋ and K^＋ were measured in the rats with 30 min brain ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion. RESULTS: The Ca^2＋content in the AMG was higher than that in the YMG and the ACG. The Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity in the ACG was lower than that in the YCG,was lower in the AMG than that in the YMG. The Ca^2＋-ATPase activities in the YCG was higher than that in the ACG, was lower in the AMG than that in the YMG and was higher than the ACG's. The serum and brain tissue SOD activities in the ACG was lower than that in the YCG, was lower in the AMG than YMG 's. The serum and brain tissue MDA/SOD ratio in the AMG was higher than that in the ACG.CONCLUSION:The brain tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury was related with calcium overload and free radical injury.The pathological changes were obvious and had some characteristics in the aged rats compared with the young rats because of the brain t issue aging changes in ATPase,calcium content and free radical metabolism in the aged rats.     

Effect of Qing-Kai-Ling Injecta on cAMP content of hypothalamus and AVP content in ventral septal area of endotoxin-induced febrile rabbits

AIM:To investigate the mechanism of Qing-Kai-Ling(QKL) Injecta suppressing endotoxin(ET)-induced fever in rabbits.METHODS:①The ET-induced fever model was established in rabbits. QKL injecta was administered intravenously, and the febrile response of rabbits was observed. The cAMP content in the hypothalamus (HP) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) content in the ventral septal area (VSA) were determined by radioimmunoassay.RESULTS:①The maximal increment in body temperature (△T) ,6 h thermal response index (TRI₆)(29.59±10.39), cAMP content in the HP and AVP content in the VSA in the ET group were significantly higher than those in the normal saline (NS) group and the QKL+ET group .②The positive correlation was observed between the cAMP content in the HP and the fluctuation of body temperature (r=0.904,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:The antipyretic mechanisms of QKL were probably due to inhibiting the increase in cAMP content in HP, and meanwhile stimulating the release of AVP in VSA.     

日粮中锰对公鸡胆固醇含量及ATP酶活性的影响

摘要经添加锰0(Ⅰ组)、50(Ⅱ组)、100(Ⅲ组)和300(Ⅳ组)PPM日粮处理后的种用公鸡,检测其胆固醇含量和三磷酸腺苷酶(ATP酶)活性。结果表明,缺锰或高锰日粮使肝脏、睾丸匀浆中胆固醇含量下降,血清、肝脏和睾丸匀浆中ATP酶活性降低。结果提示,日粮中锰含量的高低对胆固醇的合成有影响作用,而这种影响作用同锰引起的ATP酶活性的改变以及ATP供能速率的变化有关。     

不同氮源对冬虫夏草发酵菌丝活性成分及生物量的影响

[目的]研究不同氮源对冬虫夏草发酵茵丝活性成分及生物量的影响。[方法]以野生冬虫夏草为研究对象,通过组织分离培养获得2株虫草无性型菌种,应用不同氮源培养基进行发酵技术培养获得菌丝体,对天然冬虫夏草成分的含量进行比较分析,同时对茵丝体生物量进行测定。[结果]组织分离培养获得的2株菌种在不同氮源培养基上均能生长,其主要活性成分的种类与野生冬虫夏草相同;以动物氮源为主的培养基培养的虫草发酵产物活性成分含量及生物量均高于植物氮源培养的虫草和天然虫草。[结论]该方法研究了不同氮源对冬虫夏草发酵菌丝活性成分及生物量的影响,为冬虫夏草发酵菌丝体的开发利用提供了基本依据。     

高效液相色谱法分析巴西橡胶树胶乳再生过程中的ATP、ADP和AMP代谢变化

胶乳再生过程中腺苷水平（ATP、ADP和AMP含量）能够反映橡胶树乳管的生理代谢强度。运用高效液相色谱法,成功建立了一种简单、快速的橡胶树胶乳中ATP、ADP和AMP的定量方法,并采用该方法对胶乳再生中的腺苷水平进行分析。结果表明：胶乳再生过程中,早期（0~12 h）乳管主要利用排胶后剩余的AMP和ADP合成ATP,此后先后恢复AMP和ADP（6 h后）以及ATP（12 h后）的合成能力,并在排胶后12~48 h之间出现一个明显的ATP快速合成期。对排胶影响面的能荷分析表明,排胶造成割线下方2~7 cm区