小鼠褪黑激素注射的毒理性研究

[目的]进一步为褪黑激素的腹腔注射毒理性评价提供依据。[方法]分别进行急性毒性试验、亚急性毒性试验和小鼠Ames、微核、精子畸形试验,研究小鼠褪黑激素注射的毒理性。[结果]褪黑激素小鼠腹腔注射急性毒性试验LD50为（255．910±41．188）mg／kg;亚急性毒性试验结果显示,各组红细胞数和白细胞数均在正常范围内,淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞、嗜酸性细胞、嗜碱性细胞差异不显著;解剖未发现异常变化,各组织切片亦无病理性变化。小鼠Ames、微核试验和精子畸形试验结果表明,小鼠腹腔注射褪黑激素无致突变作用。不会诱发小鼠体细胞染色体和精子发生畸变。[结论]小鼠腹腔注射褪黑激素,血象、部分血液生化指标和组织均未产生毒性影响,同时也无染色体畸变、诱发突变和精子致畸作用,但推测褪黑激素可能对神经有一定的毒性。     

1例犬的急性肾损伤病例的诊断和治疗

介绍了1例临床表现为持续高烧、呕吐、肌肉强直的患犬,通过全面的一般检查、X光检查、B超检查和实验室检查,疑似为由急性肾衰竭引起的肾损伤。在保肾、利尿的原则下,进行诊断性治疗,消除临床症状,该犬最终痊愈出院。     

不同浓度菊酯类农药对黄河鲤鱼的急性毒性试验和MDA活性的影响

以黄河鲤鱼为试验动物,进行不同浓度水平的菊酯类农药对黄河鲤鱼的急性毒性试验和肝胰脏MDA活性的影响研究,结果表明:黄河鲤鱼对菊酯类农药比较敏感,其96 h的LC50为0.327μg/L,其安全质量浓度为0.0327μg/L。菊酯类农药对黄河鲤鱼肝胰脏影响较大,给药12和24 h后,给药组MDA含量高于对照组,给药12 h后0.02μg/L组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),给药12和24 h后0.03μg/L组与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01);给药36 h后,给药组MDA含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),说明:给药24 h之前黄河鲤鱼肝胰脏MDA活性最高。     

白术提取液急性毒性试验

测定白术提取液对小鼠腹腔注射和肌内注射的急性毒性,评价其安全性,为临床安全用药提供依据.采用最大给药量法,将60只小鼠随机分为3组,每组20只,分为白术提取液100g/kg腹腔注射组、20 g/kg肌内注射组和生理盐水100mL/kg腹腔注射组,注射给药后连续观察7 d,测定其1日最大给药量,确定白术提取液的急性毒性.结果表明,小鼠腹腔注射和肌内注射的1日最大给药量依次为100和20 g/kg,分别相当于临床犬日用量的400和80倍.说明白术提取液较为安全,可在临床研究试用.     

Acute phase proteins as indicators of stress in Baladi goats from Jordan

This study aimed to evaluate haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in goats following exposure to heat and transportation stressors. In the heat stress (HS) experiment (4-week period), six goats were exposed to direct solar radiation vs. six goats exposed to shade regimen. In the transportation stress experiment, six goats were transported for 2?h in a vehicle vs. a control group (n?=?6). Blood samples were collected and serum concentrations of acute phase proteins (APPs) were measured. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, and body weight were recorded. All statistical analyses were performed using the proc General Linear Model (SPSS 19.0). Results indicated that Hp and SAA concentrations were significantly affected by HS (P?P?相似文献   

强力型油烟机清洁剂对泥鳅的毒性研究

[目的]评估强力型油烟机清洁剂的环境毒性。[方法]以泥鳅为试验动物,设置强力型油烟机清洁剂对其急性毒性和生理毒性试验,研究油烟机清洁剂对泥鳅的半数致死浓度及其对泥鳅肝脏谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性的影响。[结果]油烟机清洁剂对泥鳅具有明显的毒性。处理后泥鳅开始表现为兴奋不安地游动,而后反应迟钝,身体失去平衡,出现翻肚甚至死亡现象。油烟机清洁剂对泥鳅24、48、96h的半致死浓度分别为6.507、5.762、5.423ml/L。油烟机清洁剂在一定程度上可抑制泥鳅肝脏谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶的活性,且均具有时间、剂量效应。[结论]油烟机清洁剂对水生生物的急性毒性和生理毒性表现出明显的时间、剂量效应。     

6种常见药物对杂交鳢的急性毒性试验

[目的]为杂交鳢的苗种培育及鱼病防治提供参考。[方法]在室内静水条件下,采用常规生物毒性方法研究6种常见药物（甲苯咪唑、铜铁合剂、硫酸铜、敌百虫、三氯异氰尿酸、甲醛溶液）对杂交鳢的急性毒性效应。[结果]6种药物对杂交鳢的安全浓度分别为硫酸铜0.09mg/L、铜铁合剂0.07mg/L、敌百虫0.17mg/L、三氯异氰尿酸0.36mg/L、甲苯咪唑0.029mg/L、甲醛溶液24.57mg/L;杂交鳢对供试药物的敏感性依次为：甲苯咪唑〉铜铁合剂〉硫酸铜〉敌百虫〉三氯异氰尿酸〉甲醛溶液。[结论]硫酸铜、敌百虫、三氯异氰尿酸、甲苯咪唑和甲醛溶液对杂交鳢的安全浓度均与常规使用浓度相当或低于常规使用浓度,因此这些药物均可用来防治相应的杂交鳢疾病。     

Use of haloperidol and azaperone for stress control in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) captured by means of drive-nets

The physical capture of wild ungulates is performed for different purposes when anaesthesia in field conditions is not possible or advisable. The use of tranquilizers may contribute to improved welfare of captured animals. We studied the effect of haloperidol and azaperone on the stress response of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) through the study of physiological, haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Thirty one roe deer were drive-net captured and randomly injected with haloperidol (0.30 ± 0.04 mg/kg IM; n = 13), azaperone (0.43 ± 0.07 mg/kg IM; n = 11) or saline (0.5 mL IM; n = 7), and restrained for 3 h. The interindividual variability of heart rate was lower in the treated deer, suggesting a calming effect, and erythrocyte and biochemical parameters indicated vasodilation, splenic sequestration, hemodilution, improvement of renal perfusion and a protective effect on muscle. These results support the suitability of using either azaperone or haloperidol in capture operations of roe deer, in order to reduce stress and prevent its adverse effects.     

染发废水对鲤鱼急性毒性试验研究

以鲤鱼为受试生物,将其暴露于不同浓度的染发废水中,通过半静止式试验,根据鲤鱼在各时间段的死亡率求出半致死浓度、安全浓度以及毒性累积程度系数等特征参数,探讨染发废水对鲤鱼的急性毒性,评价染发废水的毒性等级。结果表明:染发废水急性毒性等级为中等毒;染发废水在48 h内稳定性较差,48 h后才能趋于完全稳定;染发废水对鱼类急性毒性试验时间至少可缩短至48 h。