大果毛花猕猴桃新品种‘华特’

 ‘华特’猕猴桃是从野生毛花猕猴桃中选育出的新品种,平均单果质量82.00~94.37g,是野生种的2~4倍,最大132.2 g。可溶性固形物含量14.7%,可滴定酸1.24%,维生素C 6. 28mg ·g^-1。     

不同因素对贺兰山丁香愈伤组织诱导的影响

利用正交实验设计研究4种因素(6-BA、NAA、2,4-D、外植体)对贺兰山丁香愈伤组织诱导的影响,筛选出最佳的愈伤组织诱导条件为MS 6-BA 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D 0.1 mg/L,其中6-BA的浓度和外植体类型对贺兰山丁香种苗的出愈率有极显著影响(P=0.01).同时发现子叶和胚轴均可作为外植体材料,且以胚轴为外植体在最佳诱导条件下出愈率高达93.3%.     

两种鸢尾幼苗对Cd胁迫的生理耐性探讨

以马蔺(Iris lactea var.chinensis)和鸢尾(I. tectorum)2种耐性不同的鸢尾属植物为材料,采用溶液培养试验,研究了10、120 mg/L Cd胁迫下2种鸢尾幼苗膜透性、可溶性糖和蛋白以及根系生长等的生理耐性差异.结果表明:10 mg/L低Cd胁迫和120 mg/L高Cd胁迫均导致2种鸢尾幼苗叶片膜透性(CMP)增加;马蔺根系活力、可溶性糖和蛋白含量在低浓度Cd胁迫下增加,高浓度Cd胁迫下根系活力和可溶性糖含量出现下降趋势,而可溶性蛋白含量持续增加;鸢尾根系活力在低浓度和高浓度Cd胁迫下均呈下降趋势,可溶性糖和蛋白含量随Cd浓度增加表现为先增后降的趋势.     

山西省四种植物新记录种

对１９９８ 年发现的山西省植物新记录种——刺旋花、羽叶火炬树、脱皮榆和红花刺槐作了简要介绍。     

栎属二新变种

本文在研究栎属(Quercus L.)槲栎组(Sect.Robur Loud.)的基础上报道了一新变种,陕西槲栎(Quercus aliena Bl.var.shaanxiensis W.H.Zhang)星毛枹栎(Quercus glandulifera Bl.var.stellatopilosa W.H.Zhang)并讨论了有关问题。     

Structure and functions ofPinus sylvestris var.sylvestriformis plantation ecosystem

Changbai pine (Pinus sylvestris var.Sylvestriformis) is an endemic and important tree species in Changbai Mountain. There were only 63 plant species in Changbai pine plantation, where hemicryptophyte was dominant(39.68%). Simpson diversity index was 0.87, Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 2.96, and evenness index was 0.82. Community structure were divided into three layers: tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. The total biomass and net production were 111.982 t/hm² and 8942.80 kg/(hm² a) respectively. The total biomass for tree, shrub and herb layers were 106.150, 2.230, 2.264 t/hm², accounting for 94.79%, 1.99%, and 2.02%, respectively, and net production for those were 7465, 223, and 1182 kg/(hm² a), accounting for 83.47%, 2.49%, and 13.22% of the total respectively. The nutrient content in various organs is in the order of needle> branch> root> bark> trunk, For the assimilated organ, the nutrient content is in the order of N> K> Ca> P> Mg, and that in absorption organ is in the order of Ca> N> K> P> Mg. For the whole plantation ecosystem, nutrient content is in the order of soil> litter> herb layer> shrub layer> tree layer. Nutrient storage and its accumulation rate in tree layer take up 88.79% and 76.43% of the total, respectively. The project is funded by the Opened Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai     

Distribution of ectomycorrhizas and ectomycorrhizal fungal inoculum with soil depth in a birch forest

The distributions of ectomycorrhizas and ectomycorrhizal fungal inoculum with soil depth (0–45 cm) were determined in a 40-year-oldBetula platyphylla var.japonica forest. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal fine roots were measured in each soil core sample that was collected at soil depths of 0–5, 5–10, 10–15, 15–20, 20–25, 30–35, and 40–45 cm. The ectomycorrhizas were mainly distributed (>50%) in the top soil (0–5 cm) of organic forest floor horizons. Below 5 cm the quantity of ectomycorrhizas decreased sharply. The percentage of fine roots which were ectomycorrhizal gradually declined with the depth of soil. The ectomycorrhizal fungal inoculum was evaluated by a bioassay method, measuring the lengths of the entire root system and of the ectomycorrhizal roots of birch seedlings planted in each soil sample. The soil samples were collected from 0–5, 10–15, 20–25, 30–35, and 40–45 cm depths of the soil profile. Ectomycorrhizal formation on birch seedling roots in the bioassay was high in both the soil depth intervals 0–5 cm and 10–15 cm, while the amount was lower in the soil depth interval from 20–45 cm. The results of these investigations show that the amount of the ectomycorrhizas in soil, and the ectomycorrhizal fungal inoculum potential as determined by bioassay, are not always consistent with each other.     

猕猴桃早结丰产栽培技术

对浙江省武义县1992～1994年种植的“布鲁诺”猕猴桃,经过作者多年的实践与观察,采用合理施肥、整形修剪、授粉疏果、果园覆盖和病虫害综合防治等措施后,达到1年定植、2年成形、3年投产、4年丰产的效果。     

思茅松林分演变过程周期性的研究

优良木（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级木）的成长和分化,被压木（Ⅳ、Ⅴ级木）的衰退和死亡,是思茅松林分演变过程中相互联系的两方面。林分平均直径的变化与“内部时间（Ｔ＝Ｄ）”有关系。由“内部时间（Ｔ＝Ｄ）”刻划的“立木度／蓄积度”序列,与由“内部时间（Ｔ＝Ｄ）”刻划的“株数递减率／蓄积量递增率”序列的相互关联关系,反映出林分结构状态的演变。在８、１６、３２这几个临界时刻,“立木度／蓄积度”的数值都趋近１０,这是思茅松林分演变的３个周期,对应着周期性的转移概率序列。用在判断林分生长、预测林分演变过程、确定林分间伐强度等方面都有使用价值。     

Are the duplicates of perennial kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. ramosa DC.) true duplicates as determined by RAPD analysis?

A collection of vegetatively propagated perennial kales (Brassica oleracea L. var. ramosa DC., 64 accessions in total), predominantly from the Netherlands, was subjected to RAPD analysis in order to confirm or reject the presence of possible duplicates as indicated by isozyme and cytological data, as well as by morphological data described here. By employing 9 decamer primers, seven RAPD patterns could be attributed to almost all of the respective accessions, with up to 22 clones exhibiting identical features for the parameters examined. By these results, a high percentage of duplication is very strongly indicated in the collection, offering possibilities for a reduction in the number of clones to be propagated. The highest level of genetic variation was found in two kales from Portugal, which differed significantly from the other accessions.