野生中药材资源钩藤种子发芽研究

[Object] The research aimed to find out seed germination conditions and regulations. [Method] Seeds were soaked by clear water and 4 chemical agents of different concentrations (NaHCO3, KHCO3, K2CO3, NaClO) then conducted germination test in illumination box. [Result] Seed germination number and absolute germination rate (above 80%) in water treatment group was obviously higher than other treatments. [Conclusion] No dormancy phenomenon in mature embryo and no inhibition in seed coat, so conventional moist treatment can induct seed germination.     

机械损伤对复叶槭叶片过氧化氢含量的影响

以复叶槭为实验材料,采用DAB组织染色和分光光度法,定性定量地检测了人为机械损伤和外源茉莉酸甲酯处理0、15、30、60、120、240 min后损伤叶片,系统叶片以及诱导叶片内H2O2含量的变化情况.结果显示,机械损伤可诱导H2O2系统性产生,无论是受伤叶片、系统叶片还是诱导叶片,在伤害处理60 min内,H2O2含量一直增加,240 min后含量达最大值后开始下降.用1 μmol·L-1茉莉酸甲酯熏蒸健康植株后,叶片H2O2含量显著增加.证明茉莉酸甲酯作为植株体内伤信号的报警信号分子,能代替机械损伤等外界刺激启动相似的信号防御系统,起到防御外界伤害的作用.     

假色槭驯化苗木物候特征观察

对假色槭驯化苗进行生物学物候观测发现:(1)假色槭驯化苗木随着龄级的增长,树皮由光滑趋于粗糙,颜色由绿转红最后趋于深灰,皮孔从有趋于消失.(2)假色槭观赏期约20天左右,最佳观赏时间在9月下旬至10月初.(3)假色槭驯化苗的树形分化明显,灌木状株型占明显优势.(4)灌木状植株的萌生条生长迅速,当年生长量达80cm以上;有明显主干植株的生长量小,仅在30cm左右.     

A giant tree stand in the West Carpathians—An exception or a relic of formerly widespread mountain European forests?

In Europe, remnants of formerly widespread natural mixed forests are rare. We analyzed an exceptionally tall tree stand with a very high wood volume in Hron?okovský grúň reserve, covering 55.2 ha in Slovenské Rudohorie Mountains in central Slovakia (48°43′N and 19°35′E) between 730 and 1050 m a.s.l. We compared our data to other natural stands to see if the growing stock and tree height were higher in Hron?okovský grúň.     

辽东楤木光合和蒸腾作用对光照和土壤水分的响应

测定了不同土壤水分下辽东楤木光合作用与蒸腾作用的光响应过程,结果表明:辽东楤木的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、叶片水分利用效率(WUE)、最大净光合速率(Pnmax)和光合量子效率(Ф)对土壤水分的变化都有明显的阈值响应。根据Pn和WUE对土壤含水量的响应得出:维持辽东楤木较高Pn的RWC在43.5%~85.3%(MWC在11.4%~22.3%),最适宜的RWC为64.4%(MWC为16.8%);维持辽东楤木较高WUE的RWC在34.1%~78.7%(MWC在8.9%~20.5%)之间,最适宜的RWC为56.4%(MWC为14.8%)。因此,辽东楤木适宜的土壤水分RWC在43.5%~78.7%(MWC在11.4%~20.5%)之间。     

北美红花槭实生苗多样性的分析

该项研究调查了山东省内三个北美红花槭实生苗木繁育试验点;通过对高度、地径、通直度、叶色、叶形、主裂、分枝、落叶和叶面积等性状的调查,确实出该树种在山东生长较为适应,生长量没有太大的波动,实生苗的叶片的变异非常丰富,各项性状的变异系数CV均大于0.2以上。性状的多样性指数(Simpson指数和Shannon—Wirner指数)值都较大,分别介于25—32和5—6之间,充分反映出各个群体都具有较广的多样性丰富度。苗木群体本身就是一个很好的基因库,这为今后的育种,培育不同观赏品种提供了一个良好的物质基础。     

Effects of fragmentation on juvenile morphology of Acer saccharum Marsh. (sugar maple) in temperate forests of northeastern Ohio,USA

The influence of forest fragmentation on population and community dynamics of woody plants has been well established worldwide, but rarely at the level of an individual plant. We evaluated the influence of fragmentation on juvenile stem morphology of Acer saccharum Marsh. (sugar maple), while also examining light levels and considering possible confounding effects attributed to elevation gradients in temperate forests of northeastern Ohio, USA. At two sites, plant stem dimensions, canopy openness, and relative ground level elevation were measured using randomly positioned plots in forest edge and interior habitats that were within 25 and 60–100 m from a forest edge, respectively. Ratios of stem length to stem basal diameter were greater in forest interiors than near forest edges. These differences in stem morphology between habitats were likely a result of stem elongation in relation to a shade avoidance response in forest interiors that were consistently darker than forest edge areas across study sites. By contrast, such morphological differences were likely not related to variation in relative ground level elevation since a subtle elevation gradient was detected at only one site. We encourage experimentation to identify mechanisms that affect plant stem morphology of young individuals and its influence, in turn, on plant population dynamics in fragmented forests.     

山东槭属一新种

发表了山东槭属一新种．即蒙山槭Acer mengshanensis Y．Q．Zhu。该新种与色木槭A．mono Maxim和元宝槭A．truncatum Bunge近缘,但叶多为7裂,基部心形或近心形,子房微有毛,小坚果与果翅近等长;树皮不裂或微裂。     

北京八达岭林场元宝枫人工林林分结构研究

首先分析了北京八达岭林场元宝枫人工林林分的直径分布;然后利用Weibull分布进行直径拟合,并对拟合结果进行X2检验;最后用角尺度方法分析林木分布格局。结果表明:该林分直径分布呈现不对称的双峰山状曲线,且不符合Weibull分布,林分内林木的分布格局为团状分布。     

槭属六种植物过氧化物酶同工酶分析

采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的方法分析了槭属六种植物的过氧化物酶同工酶。通过谱带分布和酶谱距离来初步判定它们之间的亲缘关系。结果表明：在Rf为0.52的酶带为六种槭属植物的特征谱带;平基槭和挪威槭之间的亲缘关系非常近,二者与三个复叶槭品种的亲缘关系较远;青榨槭与其余5个树种的亲缘关系均较远。