黑荆树树皮单宁组分研究——Ⅲ.原花色素的分离鉴定及其~(13)C NMR特征(英文)

从我国江西四年生黑荆树(Acacia mearnsii)树皮单宁中分离鉴定了三个二聚原花色素:刺槐亭醇-(4α→8)-儿茶素、菲瑟亭醇-(4β→8)-儿茶素和刺槐亭醇-(4β→8)-儿茶素。其中刺槐亭醇-(4β→8)-儿茶素为首次从黑荆树树皮中以天然形式分离得到,为一新天然化合物。文中首次对黑剂树树皮二聚原花色素的~(13)CNMR进行了报道,并就其特征和确定二聚原花色素的相对和绝对构型进行了讨论。     

马占相思人工林生态系统养分积累与分配

通过对8年生马占相恩人工林生态系统养分积累与分配的研究,结果表明：林地土壤0-50cm土层内全c积累量为69090kg·hm^-2,全N积累量为3725kg·hm^-2,全P积累量为647kg·hm^-2,交换性K积累量为648kg·hm^-2,交换性Ca积累量为987kg·hm^-2,交换性Mg积累量为63kg·hm^-2;凋落物养分积累量N为58．764kg·hm^-2·a^-1,P积累量为1．608kg·hm^-2·a^-1,K积累量为9．021kg·hm^-2·a^-1,Ca积累量为22．898kg·hm-2·a^-1,Mg积累量为4．079kg·hm^-2·a^-1;人工林林分各元素积累量N为277．04kg·hm^-2、P为7．72kg·hm^-2、K为57．21kg·hm^-2、Ca为93．22kg·hm^-2、Mg为10．24kg·hm^-2;林下植被养分积累量N、P、K、Ca、Mg分别为35．40、2．67、29．47、22．38、4．00kg·hm^-2。     

The Impact of Hardwood Line-Planting on Tree and Amphibian Diversity in a Secondary Subtropical Wet Forest of Southeast Puerto Rico

The impact on tree and amphibian diversity of line-planting of tropical hardwoods—mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla × S. mahagoni) and mahoe (Hibiscus elatus)—was studied in a secondary subtropical wet forest of Puerto Rico. Common coqui (Eleutherodactylus coqui) and melodious coqui (E. wightmanae) are the most frequent frog species; forest coqui (E. portoricensis) is less abundant. Although relative abundance means were slightly greater in the undisturbed forest and during the wet season, differences were not statistically significant suggesting that line-planting did not significantly affect amphibian diversity. The line-planted areas had a slightly higher, but not statistically significant diversity, richness, and evenness of tree species than the unplanted forest. Multi-response permutation procedure (MRPP) showed statistically significant community composition differences between line-planting and control plot trees (T = ?5.89, A = .86; p < .001). But mean similarity among plots in both the line-planted and control plots was relatively low at less than 50% of shared species, indicating high diversity of vegetation in the overall forest area. Canopy cover by tree species greater than 3 cm in dbh was much higher in the undisturbed forest but this difference may be reduced as the young line-planted hardwoods mature. Forest enrichment through line-planting of valuable timber species in secondary subtropical wet forest does not significantly affect tree diversity.     

A single dominant Ganoderma species is responsible for root rot of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus in Sumatra

Ganoderma root rot is the most serious disease affecting commercially planted Acacia mangium in plantations in Indonesia. Numerous Ganoderma spp. have been recorded from diseased trees of this species and to a lesser extent Eucalyptus, causing confusion regarding the primary cause of the disease. In this study, a large collection of Ganoderma isolates were obtained from the roots of A. mangium showing early signs of root rot in disease centres in South Sumatra plantations. Isolates were also collected from Eucalyptus roots at Lake Toba in North Sumatra showing similar symptoms as well as from sporocarps connected to these samples. Phylogenetic analyses showed that a single Ganoderma sp., identified as G. philippii, is the major causal agent of Ganoderma root rot on A. mangium. Results from this study also showed that the isolates obtained for Eucalyptus trees in North Sumatra belong to G. philippii. Isolates from roots and connected fruiting bodies together with the morphology of the fruiting structures confirmed this identification. Symptoms associated with this pathogen are obvious and it should not be confused with other diseases. Other Ganoderma spp. found in disease centres are considered to be of minor importance and management strategies for root rot should be focused on G. philippii.     

用PP袋+肿腿蜂等防治松材线虫病技术试验

用PP袋能有效地阻断松墨天牛传播松材线虫病。把病死松木放入PP袋 ,次年只有 2 98%松墨天牛成虫能咬破PP袋而逃逸 ;PP袋 PEM农药 ,对松墨天牛成虫的阻断率达到 10 0 % ;PP袋 肿腿蜂对松墨天牛的阻断率也达到 10 0 % ,同时 ,该方法能促使肿腿蜂种群在林内增殖扩大     

五种石斛组培苗生物学性状观测

通过对5种石斛组培苗栽培试验和生物学性状观测,了解不同石斛组培苗生长发育规律,为制定人工栽培措施提供科学依据。     

宁德蕉城区桉树速丰林高效经营策略探讨

分析了宁德市蕉城区桉树引种栽培现状、速丰林示范试验结果,并提出桉树速生丰产的高效经营策略。     

黑木相思17号无性系在桂东地区早期生长表现

为丰富桂东地区速生树种多样性以及为生态敏感地区桉树改造提供新的树种,2017年5月在桂东地区试种黑木相思17号无性系20hm^2,分别在造林后第8个月和14个月调查试验林不同海拔、坡向、坡位的林分生长情况,试验结果表明:黑木相思17号无性系在桂东地区造林成活率85%以上,造林后第8个月成活率、地径和树高分别为92%,3.1cm和2.3m,造林第14个月地径、胸径和树高分别为7.4cm,5.8cm和5.0m;黑木相思造林后8-14个月,上坡生长表现优于下坡,海拔200m生长表现优于海拔320m。说明黑木相思17号无性系适合在桂东地区生长,避开谷底和山脚等光照不足地块、及时抚育是黑木相思在桂东地区造林成功的关键。     

黑荆树巨尾桉混交造林与效益分析

设计了以黑荆树与巨尾桉混交的３个模式、黑荆树纯林、巨尾桉纯林共５个处理进行试验。经过一个轮伐期６ａ的观测研究,结果表明以黑荆树４巨尾桉１的混交比例作株间混交的模式最为理想,６年生林分总蓄积量达７２．１ｍ３·ｈｍ－２,其中巨尾桉４６．１ｍ３·ｈｍ－２,黑荆树２６．０ｍ３·ｈｍ－２,投入产出比为１∶３．４。     

黑木相思株内木材基本材性变化与树龄关系的研究

对不同树龄和径向位置黑木相思木材的物理和主要力学性质测定研究表明:黑木相思株内边材、心材密度和主要力学性质随着树龄的增大而增大,径向和弦向的体积干缩率随着树龄的增大而减小;相同树龄黑木相思的边材密度和力学性能比心材小,干缩率比心材大.因此,在利用黑木相思时应对树龄、心边材径向位置加以特别考虑.