Changes in enzymatic and structural properties of grass carp fast skeletal myosin induced by the laboratory-conditioned thermal acclimation and seasonal acclimatization

ABSTRACT:   Myosins were prepared from fast skeletal muscles of grass carp thermally acclimated to 10, 20 and 30°C in the laboratory as well as from those seasonally acclimatized and collected in January (winter) 2003 and May (spring), August (summer) and November (autumn) 2002. The maximal initial velocities ( V _max) of actin-activated Mg²⁺-ATPase activity for myosins from the 10°C-acclimated and winter grass carp were 1.7–1.8-fold as high as those from the 30°C-acclimated and summer fish. The inactivation rate constant ( K _D) of Ca²⁺-ATPase for myosin from the 10°C-acclimated grass carp was three to fourfold higher than those for myosins from the fish acclimated to 20°C and 30°C, whereas myosin from winter grass carp was about sevenfold as high as that for myosin from summer fish. Myosins from spring and autumn fish showed K _D values comparable to those of the fish acclimated to 30°C and 10°C, respectively. In differential scanning calorimetry analysis, the transition temperature ( T _m) was observed near 38°C and 45–46°C with most myosins. However, the lowest T _m at 32–33°C was given as one of the major endotherms in myosins from the 10°C-acclimated, autumn and winter fish. These responses of grass carp to changed environmental temperatures were almost similar to those for common carp reported previously.     

不同基因型甘蔗组织中ATP酶活性的研究

不同基因型甘蔗叶片中的Mg~(2+)-ATP酶和Ca~(2+)-ATP酶活性与早熟高糖特性有密切的联系。原种中的春尼酶活性最高,其次是黑车里本,蔗糖分很低的野生种晋江割手密酶活性最低。五个杂交品种的这两种ATP酶活性介于春尼和晋江割手密之间;其中,早熟品种的酶活性明显较高,尤以最早熟的福引79/8最高。 在福引79/8和POJ2878幼苗的幼茎     

低温处理对豇豆幼苗生长和POD、COD、ATPase同工酶的影响

在０～１℃低温处理豇豆幼苗时幼苗生长明显受抑，检查根系和胚轴中的ＰＯＤ、ＣＯＤ、ＡＴＰａｓｅ同工酶，发现谱带减少。低温对豇豆幼苗生长的伤害与幼苗组织内三种酶同工酶的变化呈明显的相关性。上述三种酶同工酶可以作为一种生化指标用于检测植物幼苗的受寒害状况。     

牛肉肌纤维类型差异及成熟过程中组织蛋白酶活性研究

为考察不同部位牛肉肌纤维类型的差异、比较两种肌纤维分型方法、研究肌纤维类型对宰后成熟过程中组织蛋白酶活性的影响,选取新疆褐牛冈下肌、菱形肌、背最长肌、背阔肌、腰大肌、股二头肌、半腱肌、腓肠肌共8个部位的牛肉,分别用ATPase染色法和RT-PCR法检测肌纤维类型组成和MyHC基因相对表达量,用Image-Pro Plus6.0软件分析ATPase染色图像,计算各类型肌纤维的面积和直径,并检测各部位牛肉宰后成熟0、3、7、9、11、14 d时组织蛋白酶B、L、H活性。结果表明:新疆褐牛不同部位肉的肌纤维类型组成不同,两种肌纤维类型的分型方法在确定Ⅰ型肌纤维数量时呈极显著相关,在8个部位牛肉中,均没有发现MyHCⅡb型基因的表达,ATPase染色法确定的ⅡB型肌纤维数量百分比与RT-PCR法确定的MyHCⅡx型基因表达百分比呈显著正相关,与MyHCⅡa型基因表达百分比呈极显著负相关。两种确定肌纤维类型的方法存在一定的相关性,ATPase染色法确定的ⅡB型肌纤维可能与RT-PCR法确定的MyHCⅡx基因相对应。在宰后成熟过程中,各部位牛肉组织蛋白酶活性基本表现为先升高、后降低的趋势,不同部位的牛肉达到活性最大值的时间不同;组织蛋白酶H活性非常低,相比于组织蛋白酶B和L,其在宰后成熟中的作用可以忽略不计,组织蛋白酶L活性是B活性的2.5～4倍,在宰后成熟中起更重要的作用。Ⅰ型肌纤维数量与宰后9、11 d组织蛋白酶B和L活性呈显著甚至极显著正相关关系,在新疆褐牛各部位肉中含有的Ⅰ型肌纤维越多,组织蛋白酶活性越高,越有利于牛肉宰后成熟嫩化。     

洞庭青鲫等5个鲫品系线粒体ATPase基因序列的比较分析

运用PCR扩增、克隆、测序等技术对洞庭青鲫(Carassius auratus var.Dongtingking)、彭泽鲫(C.auratus var.Pengze)、普通鲫(C.auratus)、红鲫(C.auratus var.red)、日本白鲫(C.auratus cuvieri)等5个鲫品系线粒体DNA ATP...     

Transfection of rAAV1-SERCA2a improves cardiac function of beagles with heart failure

AIM:To study the effects of recombinant adeno-associated virus type 1 (rAAV1)-sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) transfection on the cardiac function of beagles with heart failure (HF). METHODS:The beagles were used to make an animal model with heart failure after rapid right ventricular pacing (230 beats/min) for 30 d. A reduced rate (180 beats/min) was continuously applied for another 30 d. The beagles were divided into 4 groups (n=4): control group, HF group, HF+EGFP group and HF+SERCA2a group. rAAV1-EGFP and rAAV1-SERCA2a (both 1×1012 viral genomes) were intramyocardially injected into the animals in the latter 2 groups, respectively. RESULTS:After transfection for 30 d, the left ventricular systolic function in HF+SERCA2a group was similar to that in control group, and significantly higher than that in HF group (P<0.05). The ratio of SERCA2a mRNA/GAPDH mRNA was significantly higher in HF+SERCA2a group than that in HF group (P<0.05). The expression level of SERCA2a in the myocardial tissues was higher in HF+SERCA2a group than that in HF group (P<0.05). The apoptotic index of the cardiomyocytes and the protein expression of MMP-9 were much lower in HF+ SERCA2a group than those in HF group (P<0.05). No significant difference of all parameters was observed between HF group and HF+EGFP group. The mRNA level of phospholamban was unchanged. CONCLUSION:Transfection of SERCA2a improves the expression of SERCA2a, restores the cardiac function and inhibits left ventricular remodeling by reducing the cardiac cell apoptosis and the MMP-9 expression in the heart failure beagles.     

Iron deficiency on corn root mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase activity

Abstract

Iron deficiency significantly reduced corn root mitochondrial ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) activity. The root mitochondrial ATPase had two pH optima. In the presence of K and Mg ions, ferrous ion stimulated the ATPase activity especially when plants were Fe‐deficient.