Nucleotide sequence homology to bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (BVDV 2) in the 5′ untranslated region of BVDVs from cattle with mucosal disease or persistent infection in Japan

Cytopathogenic and non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) were isolated from cattle with mucosal disease or persistent infection in Japan. These isolates were compared for antigenic properties by cross-neutralization tests with Japanese reference strains of BVDV belonging to classical type 1. Significantly low cross-reactivity to reference strains was noted, indicating the viruses to possibly represent a new serotype in Japan. Thus, to determine the genotype of the isolates, nucleotide sequences of the 5′ untranslated region were determined and compared with those of previously reported BVDV 1 and 2. The isolates were clearly shown to belong to BVDV 2, not to BVDV 1.     

Analysis of the mouse high-growth region in pigs

In the mouse, homozygous animals for the high growth mutation show a 30–50% increase in growth without becoming obese. This region is homologous to the distal part of pig chromosome 5 (SSC5). A previous genome scan detected several quantitative trait loci (QTL) in this region for body composition and meat quality using a three generation Berkshire × Yorkshire resource family. In this study, the effects on swine growth, fat and meat quality traits of three genes previously identified within the mouse high growth region were analysed. The genes studied were CASP2 and RIPKI domain containing adaptor with death domain ( CRADD ), suppressor of cytokine signalling 2 ( SOCS2 ) and plexinC1 ( PLXNC1 ). In addition, the influence of two other genes located very close to this region, namely the plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1 ( ATP2B1 ) and dual specificity phosphatase 6 ( DUSP6 ) genes, was also investigated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified and used to map these genes to the QTL region on SSC5. Results indicate significant associations between these genes and several phenotypic traits, including fat deposition and growth in pigs. The present study suggests associations of these genes with swine fat and growth related traits, but further studies are needed in order to clearly identify the genes involved in the regulation of the QTL located on SSC5.     

鹌鹑禽流感新城疫重组二联疫苗的免疫效果试验

试验旨在评价禽流感新城疫重组二联疫苗(rL-H5)免疫鹌鹑后的抗体效价,为该疫苗能否应用于鹌鹑禽流感和新城疫免疫预防提供依据.经试验,rL-H5以不同剂量经饮水或皮下注射,分别免疫10～40日龄无母源抗体的鹌鹑后,禽流感H5、ND免疫抗体效价水平很低,未能有效诱导针对禽流感和新城疫的抗体反应.     

Immunoadjuvant effects of bacterial genomic DNA and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 inactivated oil emulsion vaccine in chicken

This study investigated the immunoadjuvant effects of three types of bacterial genomic DNA and CpG oligonucleotides (CpG ODN) on the avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 inactivated oil emulsion vaccine under two immunization strategies. The genomic DNA extracted from Escherichia coli O₂, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis FQ68, and synthetic CpG ODN were used as adjuvants, and their effects on the AIV oil emulsion vaccine were examined in chickens. The results indicated that when administered separately from the vaccine, adjuvants induced lower haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres and serum IgG titres but resulted in higher concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10. In contrast, when combined with the oil emulsion vaccine prior to inoculation, CpG ODN induced higher HI, IgG titres and IFN-γ concentration but resulted in lower IL-10 concentration. These data suggest that, depending on the immunization approaches, adjuvants may exert distinct immune effects in chickens receiving AIV H5N1 oil emulsion vaccine: the prior incorporation of CpG ODN into the vaccine may augment both the humoral and Th1 type immune responses, while separate inoculation of adjuvants has not shown better adjuvanticity.     

全球人感染H5N1禽流感病例流行病学特征分析

该文基于近年来国内外报道的H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感病毒感染人的病例,系统分析了人感染H5N1禽流感病毒的流行病学特征,阐述人禽流感暴发流行的可能性及预防控制的紧迫性。     

马耳它布氏杆菌bp26基因缺失株的构建及鉴定

为了建立马耳他布氏杆菌M5-90株弱毒疫苗株与野生株的鉴别诊断,本研究以bp26基因作为重组靶位点,以M5-90为亲本,利用bp26基因ORF外侧序列作为同源序列,将卡那霉素抗性基因(Kan')整合到细菌基因组中,双交叉重组阳性菌株,经SDS-PAGE和western blot试验表明迁移率约为29 ku的BP26蛋白在亲本菌中表达并可被鼠抗BP26高免血清识别,而突变株M5-90-26反应结果为阴性,表明BP26蛋白在突变疫苗株M5-90-26中未表达.M5-90-26具备从血清学角度区分M5-90-26免疫与野生型布氏杆菌感染,对布氏杆菌病防制、监测及净化具有重要的意义.     

山东PRRSV流行株ORF5、ORF6、ORF7基因序列的分子特征

采用RT-PCR技术对2001～2007年分离自山东地区10株(ShanDong-3、SD-JN、SD-ZQ、SD1、SD2、SD3、SD4、SD5、SD6和SD7)猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)进行ORF5、ORF6和ORF7基因的扩增、克隆和测序,与已知序列的毒株的相应片段进行同源性分析比较,并对其分子特征进行分析.结果表明:该10株病毒仍属北美洲型,其中2001～2002年分离的SD1株、SD2株和2006年分离的SD6株核苷酸序列之间的ORF5、ORF6、ORF7同源性分别为99.2%,99.8%,100%,均与北美洲原型代表株(VR-2332株)和疫苗毒MLVRespPRRS Repro USA遗传距离较近,同属一大分支;2006～2007年分离的PRRSV ShanDong-3、SD-JN、SD-ZQ 、SD3,SD4,SD5, SD7分离株ORF5、ORF6、ORF7同源性分别为97.8%～100%,99.4%～99.8%,99.2%～99.7%,均与国内96年Ch-1a和2002年HB-1株及2006年分离鉴定的国内高致病性分离株(JXA1、Shanghai、HEB1)同属一个大的分支.首次证实目前山东省同时存在高致病性PRRSV和传统PRRSV,并且有由传统PRRSV向高致病性PRRSV演化的趋势.     

AIV H5N1亚型高免卵黄抗体的制备及理化特性研究

应用禽流感灭活疫苗(H5N1,Re-1株)免疫20周龄的高产来航蛋鸡,制备抗AIV H5N1高免卵黄抗体(IgY).在比较了3种缓冲液对IgY活性的影响后,确定采用水稀释法提取IgY.同时在模拟的胃肠内环境下对IgY的各种理化性质进行了试验.结果表明,纯化的IgY在pH 2.0和胃蛋白酶终浓度为1.5 mg/mL的环境下,以及在pH 8.0和胰蛋白酶终浓度为2.5 mg/mL的环境下,37℃作用1 h后其ELISA抗体效价均无明显下降;同时,热稳定性试验表明,IgY在60℃以下作用30 min,其ELISA抗体效价也无明显下降;中和试验测得IgY的中和效价为1:640,具有较好的中和H5N1亚型AIV的能力.以上结果表明,本试验所制备的抗禽流感H5N1亚型高免IgY具有较高的抗体效价和中和效价,同时还具有一定的耐蛋白酶消化的作用,可用于H5N1亚型禽流感的预防和治疗.     

面向5G的FQAM调制技术应用研究

在未来的5G时代,由于ITU IMT-2020定义了更加丰富的关键能力和评估场景,因此在设计调整编码方案时,一些新的技术方案应该被考虑作为候选方案来进行研究和评估。对于干扰限制场景,最有前途的技术之一是频率正交幅度调制(FQAM),这是因为FQAM可提高小区边缘的用户吞吐量,而在传统网络中,小区边缘用户受干扰限制,仅能使用一些可用频率的子载波。     

Sublytic C5b-9 induces protective autophagy in cultured podocytes

AIM: In podocytes, autophagy occurs at a high basal level and dysregulated autophagy is associa-ted with a variety of podocytopathies. This paper is to investigate the role of autophagy in sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte injury. METHODS: Sublytic complement C5b-9 stimulation was used as an in vitro model. Autophagosomes were confirmed using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. Immunoblotting was used to measure the change of autophagy-related markers. Cellular morphological changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining. Immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy were used to detect the expression and distribution of nephrin. The cell viability was assessed by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI staining. RESULTS: For ensuring sublytic complement injury, the maximal amounts of anti-podocyte antiserum and 160×-diluted normal human serum were used without inducing cell lysis (defined as >5% LDH release). Sublytic C5b-9 promoted autophagy of podocytes in vitro. The proautophagic effect of sublytic C5b-9 manifested in the form of accumulated MDC-labeled vesicles and enhanced the expression of LC3-Ⅱ. Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenosine (3-MA) promoted sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte morphological abnormalities. Compared with the sublytic C5b-9-injured podocytes, 3-MA exposure further decreased the expression of nephrin. 3-MA enhanced sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Sublytic C5b-9 attack induces autophagy, which may play a protective role against complement-mediated podocyte injury.