动物饲料中转基因抗草甘膦大豆GTS40-3-2成分的检测

转基因抗草甘膦除草剂大豆GTS 40-3-2作为目前在最多国家和地区批准种植的转基因大豆,除榨取大豆油外,剩余的豆粕等副产品被用作动物饲料。通过对山西省太谷周边11个动物养殖户的饲料进行转基因标识情况专项调查,采用定性和定量PCR技术对转基因抗草甘膦除草剂大豆GTS 40-3-2含有的Ca MV35S启动子、NOS终止子、Cp4-EPSPS及大豆内标Lectin基因进行检测。结果表明:11份饲料全部含有转基因抗草甘膦除草剂大豆GTS 40-3-2成分,且其含量各不相同,其中蛋鸡饲料GTS 40-3-2转化体的含量最低,但所有饲料均无转基因标识。试验为我国转基因饲料饲用安全性评价体系提供了试验数据支持,同时也对来源于转基因作物的原材料产品的合理应用以及通过转基因饲料喂养动物所产生的农畜产品的安全性评价具有重要的现实和理论意义。     

Gamma‐ray spectrometry as versatile tool in soil science: A critical review

Gamma‐ray spectrometry is an established method in geo‐sciences. This article gives an overview on fundamentals of gamma‐ray spectrometry that are relevant to soil science including basic technical aspects, and discusses influencing factors, inconsistencies, limitations, and open questions related to the method. Gamma‐ray spectrometry relies on counting gamma quanta during radionuclide decay of ⁴⁰K, ²³⁸U, and ²³²Th, but secular equilibrium for the decay series of U and Th must be given as decays of their respective daughter radionuclides are used for determination. Secular equilibrium for U and Th decay series, however, is not always given leading to, e.g., anomalies in U concentration measurements. For soil science, gamma‐ray spectrometry is of specific value since it does not only detect a signal from the landscape surface, but integrates information over a certain volume. Besides, different spatial scales can be covered using either ground‐based or airborne sensing techniques. Together with other remote sensing methods, gamma signatures can provide completive information for understanding land forming processes and soil properties distributions. At first, signals depend on bedrock composition. The signals are in second order altered by weathering processes leading to more interpretation opportunities and challenges. Due to their physico‐chemical properties, radionuclides behave differently in soils and their properties can be distinguished via the resulting signatures. Hence, gamma signatures of soils are specific for local environments. Processes like soil erosion can superimpose gamma signals from in situ weathering. Soil mappings, available K and texture determination, or peat and soil erosion mapping are possible applications being discussed in this review.     

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the regulation wheat DnaJ family genes following wheat yellow mosaic virus infection

The co-chaperone DnaJ plays an important role in protein folding and regulation of various physiological activities, and participates in several pathological processes. DnaJ has been extensively studied in many species including humans,drosophila, mushrooms, tomatoes, and Arabidopsis. However, few studies have examined the role of DnaJ in wheat(Triticum aestivum), and the interaction mechanism between TaDnaJs and plant viruses. Here, we identified 236 TaDnaJs and performed a comprehensive genome...     

高粱幼穗离体培养再生体系的建立

6个基因型的高粱幼穗接种于YD10、L2、YLMDS和MS1诱导培养基,结果在MS1培养基上6个基因型的幼穗都诱导出愈伤组织,05DL15A诱导率最高为96.0%,四杂40诱导率最低为27.5%。获得的淡黄色颗粒状愈伤组织分化出不定芽,不定芽高8cm左右转入生根培养基再生植株。     

Refeeding and insulin activate the AKT/p70S6 kinase pathway without affecting IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation in chicken muscle

p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) is a key enzyme involved in the control of protein synthesis. We have previously shown that this kinase is insulin sensitive in chicken muscle despite a relative insulin resistance in the early steps of insulin receptor signaling in this tissue, particularly with no change in tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1). The aim of the present study is to further study the p70S6K pathway in chicken muscle. By analyzing in silico several kinases involved in the protein kinase B (PKB also called AKT)/target of rapamycin (TOR)/p70S6K pathway in the chicken, we showed that the amino acid sequence of the proteins exhibited a very high identity with their homologs in mammalian species and Drosophila. We investigated the regulation of these kinases in vivo or in vitro. Refeeding and insulin treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased the phosphorylation and/or activity of kinases upstream of p70S6K such as AKT and TOR. Similarly, refeeding and insulin increased the phosphorylation of p70S6K on key residues (i.e. T389, T229 and T421/S424) and the phosphorylation of a p70S6K downstream target, the ribosomal protein S6 (by 3-10-fold, P<0.05). Interestingly, we also showed an increase in the phosphorylation level of IRS1 on S632/S635, sites involved in insulin resistance. In conclusion, the AKT/TOR/p70S6K pathway is activated by refeeding and insulin injection, which might negatively regulate IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation. These results indicate some particularities of the insulin signaling in chicken muscle and suggest the involvement of p70S6K in these features.     

甘蓝白化种荚基因alb1的遗传与转录组分析

采用石蜡切片技术研究甘蓝白化种荚材料alb1的细胞学特征,结果表明白化种荚细胞形态发育异常,细胞壁畸形、细胞界限不明显。遗传分析结果表明,绿荚∶白荚的分离比为3∶1,白荚性状是由1对隐性基因控制的。利用转录组测序技术分析白化种荚突变体alb1及绿荚芥蓝TO1000的基因表达情况,筛选获得4 530个差异表达基因,其中2 569个基因上调表达,1 961个基因下调表达;这些基因主要涉及核糖体、植物激素信号转导、脂肪酸链伸长等生物学过程,植物激素信号转导对细胞形态建成尤为重要,可能是引起细胞发育畸形,出现白化种荚的重要原因。     

棉花WD40基因的克隆及生物信息学分析(英文)

A pair of PCR primers was designed based on the conserved sequences of WD40 family gene of different varieties.The normolization library was screened by PCR methods,the cDNA insert size of positive clones were analyzed by PCR method.A full-length cDNA of WD40(GenBank accession number:EU219610)in cotton was obtained from sequencing.This gene is 1 796 bp in length,containing an open reading frame encoding 274 amino acids and a stop codon from 35th to 860th position.The bioinformatics characterization indicates that the protein is encoded by WD40 domain.pI and molecular weight of the protein encoded were predicted to be 4.24 and 29 kDa,respectively.The yielded gene was accondingly named as GDRP1.RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of GDRP1 varied during the gland formation process.These results will be helpful for our further study on the gland formation of cotton.     

脑部特异表达SV40Tag转基因动物模型的建立

将猿猴病毒抗原蛋白(SV40Tag)片段克隆进脑部特异表达载体pMM279中,通过显微注射法制作转基因小鼠。采用PCR和Southern blotting检测目的基因整合,并通过RT-PCR检测目的基因的表达。结果表明:共出生29只仔鼠,经PCR检测出3只阳性,Southern blotting检测出2只阳性。RT-PCR检测到SV40Tag仅在前脑部皮层和海马表达。成功获得的脑部特异表达SV40Tag转基因小鼠模型,为SV40Tag的致病机制及脑肿瘤的治疗等研究提供工具。     

东方田鼠皮肤成纤维永生化细胞的建立

为建立东方田鼠皮肤成纤维细胞(MfSF)系,本研究采用脂质体基因转染法将含有SV40T基因的pSV3neo重组质粒导入原代MfSF中,通过G418筛选,阳性克隆扩大培养,建立永生化MfSF系.实验结果表明,阳性细胞克隆在G418筛选第三周后出现,经扩大培养已稳定传代达42代,而且生长状态良好,PCR及RT-PCR检测结果表明,SV40 T基因已整合到MfSF中并稳定表达.本研究利用SV40 T基因导入制备了永生化MfSF细胞系,为动物间成纤维细胞比较研究及相关病原的研究提供了敏感细胞系.     

蓖麻RcWD40家族鉴定与表达分析

植物中的WD40蛋白家族通过蛋白质-蛋白质及蛋白质-DNA的互作,参与生物过程,该家族的重要成员TTG1在拟南芥中抑制种子脂肪酸的过早积累。为揭示油料作物蓖麻中RcWD40基因家族及RcTTG1基因的表达特征,利用生物信息学手段在全基因组水平鉴定到182个RcWD40家族成员,其中RcWD40-181为RcTTG1基因,并对它们的系统发育、保守结构域及表达模式等进行分析。根据进化树结构和保守域组成分别将RcWD40家族成员分为8个cluster和28个亚家族。此外,转录组分析显示RcWD40在蓖麻的花、叶、根、茎以及各发育时期种子中具有多样的表达模式,预测家族基因可能调节这些组织的生长发育。启动子区域转录因子结合位点及种子发育表达分析结果预测RcTTG1可能承担与AtTTG1相似的脂肪酸积累负调节功能。