Inheritance and expression of transgenes in T2 and T3 generations of Lotus corniculatus transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens

The inheritance and expression of the reporter gene uidA, encoding β-glucuronidase (GUS), was previously analysed in the T₁ generation of 25 independent transformed lines of Lotus corniculatus cv. Leo. In the work reported here, GUS activity in various tissues of seven of these lines was tested in the T₂ generation. Four representative lines were chosen for more detailed study in the T₃ generation. Lines 25 and 38 had multiple, independently segregating transgene inserts; lines 24 and 39 appeared to transmit one segregating transgene insert to their T₁ progeny, although transgene expression was low and was detected in fewer seedlings than expected in line 39. The uidA gene was inherited and expressed in seedlings of T₁, T₂ and T₃ generations of all four lines. In all lines, transgene expression varied between tissues, with more embryos than seedlings having detectable GUS activity. Studies in the T₂ generation showed that use of transgenic plants as female or male parents altered the frequency of expression of the transgene in progeny. By contrast, in the T₃ generation the use of transgenic plants as female or male parents did not effect either frequency of transmission, or expression of the transgene, in any of the four lines. Transgene inheritance was also similar among individual pods within flower heads and between individual flower heads. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The Nutritive Value and Yield of Alfalfa Cultivated on Sulphur Postmining Lands

The study was carried out on the reclaimed lands of a bore-hole sulphur mine. The cropping of two succeeding cuts of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was determined and its chemical composition was analyzed. Alfalfa was cultivated on waste lime (flotation tailings), enriched with a humus layer. The levels of basic nutrients, total S, total F, Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Fe and Mn were determined in alfalfa. The biomass of an average crop was 6830 kg  ha^–1 in the first cut and 14300 kg  ha^–1 in the second one. The yields of dry matter as well as of crude and true proteins were positively correlated with the phosphorus level in the dry matter of alfalfa (P < 0.01). The level of total sulphur was positively linearly correlated with the phosphorus content (P < 0.01). No harmful accumulation of sulphur or fluoride was observed. A deficiency of phosphorus in alfalfa and an abnormal Ca:P weight ratio was found. The S total level was positively correlated with N total concentration. (P < 0.01). The percentage of true protein in crude protein was negatively correlated with total sulphur (P < 0.01). The level of nonprotein nitrogen compounds was positively correlated with S total level (P < 0.01).     

基于3DSMAX和OpenGL的大角度二维车辆碰撞仿真

鉴于3DSMAX和OpenGL的强大建模和仿真功能,本文主要使用该两种软件进行大角度二维车辆碰撞的仿真研究,并对仿真结果及误差进行比较分析。分析结果表明,该仿真与实际勘测的结果基本一致,可适当应用于交通管理部门的交通事故分析。     

新疆平原区地下水资源评价及其结果分析

集成3S对地球科学信息的处理与分析功能,结合VBA编程技术实现了新疆地下水资源评价计算方法的程序化和计算步骤的自动化。该评价模式为类似的地下水资源评价提供了参考,可推广应用于针对新疆某个流域或西北干旱区的地下水资源评价。新疆地下水资源评价主要结果为,总计算面积120.82×104km2,其中平原区计算面积50.91×104km2。平原区地下水多年平均总补给量337.6×108m3,总排泄量340.5×108m3。平原灌区现状开采地下水量56.4×108m3,近期和中期评价地下水可开采量约153.2×108m3。     

DME发动机非常规排放物的检测与分析

用气相色谱仪和傅立叶红外光谱仪对燃用DME的ZS195柴油机的排气中的甲醛(HCHO)、甲酸甲酯(CHCOOCH3)、甲酸(HCOOH)非常规排放物进行了检测和分析。结果表明,DME发动机的尾气排放中,均检测到HCHO,HCOOCH3,HCOOH排放物,且甲醛是非常规排放物中的主要成分,甲醛、甲酸甲酯的排放量随转速上升而略有上升,随负荷增加而不同程度的减少,而甲酸排放量变化则不甚明显。     

SolidWorks在变电所三维设计中的应用

以三维设计软件SolidWorks为平台,分析应用SolidWorks进行变电所三维设计的优势,介绍应用SolidWorks进行三维设计的方法和过程,阐述应用SolidWorks对提高设计效率和质量的作用。     

不同生育期灌水和施氮对春玉米农田硝态氮迁移及产量的影响

通过对大田春玉米进行不同生育期灌水和施氮处理,研究了不同灌水和施氮对玉米农田硝态氮运移和产量的影响。结果表明:生物产量和籽粒产量及其灌溉水利用效率有随施氮量增加而增大的趋势。与全生育期灌水比较,任何生育期不灌水处理都造成生物产量和籽粒产量降低,而生育期不灌水处理增加了灌溉水利用效率,两个生育期不灌水处理的生物产量和籽粒产量的灌溉水利用效率最高。在春玉米生长阶段,拔节期,抽穗期和成熟期不灌水对生物产量影响显著,抽穗期不灌水、苗期与灌浆期不灌水、拔节期期和灌浆期不灌水处理显著影响籽粒产量。     

三维平行微间隙流场数值模拟

为了研究上游泵送机械密封微间隙流体动压效应,将螺旋槽端面微间隙简化为三维直槽端面平行微间隙以排除泵送效应的影响.据此,建立了平底槽、渐扩台阶槽和渐缩台阶槽的平行微间隙液膜几何模型和计算模型,分别在槽板移动和平板移动的情况下针对不同移动速度和不同槽深进行流场数值模拟和开启力计算研究.研究表明：在文中研究参数范围内,无论是平底槽还是台阶槽,液膜收敛区出现高压,液膜发散区出现低压;液膜空化前,无论是槽板移动还是平板移动,平底槽微间隙开启力大小与平移速度、槽深、板间隙大小无关;液膜空化后,平底槽和台阶槽液膜开启力均随平移速度的增大或板间隙的减小而明显增大,但在同等条件下,槽板平移产生的开启力大于平板平移,且槽板平移时加大槽深能增大开启力,渐扩台阶槽平行微间隙能产生更大的开启力.     

基于三元设计及数值试验轴流泵抗空化性能

为了提高轴流泵抗空化性能,采用泵的三元设计理论与数值试验相结合的方法,研究了汽蚀比转数为1 290的轴流泵抗空化性能.在相同的流量、扬程、转速等设计指标下,采用泵的三元设计理论对具有不同叶片数和过流通道形状的轴流泵模型分别进行了设计;并采用数值试验手段对所设计轴流泵模型性能进行计算和分析,得到了适合于该轴流泵的过流通道形状和最佳叶片数.运用相同的方法对不同叶片负载分布规律的轴流泵叶轮分别进行了设计,并采用数值试验手段计算了各水力模型的扬程、功率和效率特性曲线,对比和分析了不同负载分布规律对泵效率和抗空化性能的影响,得到了有利于轴流泵空化性能提高的负载分布规律.最后,根据数值计算结果,对如何有效提高轴流泵抗空化性能提出了建议:叶轮叶片后部重载光顺无阻塞的过流通道、适当增加叶片数将有利于轴流泵抗空化性能的提高.     

圆锥指数仪贯入沙土过程的三维离散元法模拟

在圆锥指数仪贯入沙土试验的基础上,建立了半圆柱形沙土料床的三维数值模型,利用离散元法对圆锥指数仪贯入沙土过程进行了模拟,讨论了圆锥指数的主要影响因素及其影响规律。研究结果表明:贯入圆锥的铅垂方向阻力、圆锥指数及半圆柱形料床侧壁的正压力均随着贯入深度的增加而增大,且形状窄、粒径大的料床圆锥指数明显大于形状宽、粒径小的料床;贯入后的大颗粒料床侧壁正压力明显大于小颗粒料床;当圆锥贯入速度大于0.2 m/s时,圆锥指数才明显增大,此时贯入过程已经对料床产生较强的冲击效应。最后,把贯入后的料床根据颗粒的位移划分为4个区域,可以直观地判断出贯入过程的影响范围,为实地测量土壤坚实度时取样点间距的选取提供了理论依据。