水稻新品种延粳25号选育

水稻新品种延粳25号是由延边农业科学研究院水稻所通过品种间有性杂交,经系谱法选育而成的稳产、优质、耐冷中熟新品种,2003年通过吉林省农作物品种委员会审定．     

用CODEHOP设计简并引物克隆反刍月形单胞菌K6乙酸激酶基因片段

利用CODEHOP设计细菌乙酸激酶的简并引物,选用1对引物ACKSe以高效丙酸生成菌反刍月形单胞菌K6基因组DNA进行PCR,得到749 bp PCR产物,产物经pMD18-T载体克隆转化至DH5α大肠杆菌中,测序后经Blastx比对,此DNA产物与其他菌属来源的乙酸激酶蛋白序列具有相似性,所克隆的序列即为K6的乙酸激酶基因片段。用CODEHOP程序化设计的简并引物可信性强,阳性率高。该基因的成功克隆为丙酸生成菌K6乙酸代谢工程研究提供了依据。     

不同剂量25羟基维生素D3对断奶前犊牛血液生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响

为研究不同剂量25羟基维生素D₃[25(OH)VD₃]对断奶前犊牛血液水平、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响,选取18 头健康状况良好的新生荷斯坦犊牛,随机分成3 组,每组6 头进行为期56 天的饲养试验。分为对照组[不添加25(OH)VD₃]、低剂量组[25(OH)VD₃添加量6 000 IU/头·天]和高剂量组[25(OH)VD₃添加量12 000 IU/头·天]。结果表明,与对照组相比,随着25(OH)VD₃添加剂量增加,血浆生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-1、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、总抗氧化能力以及免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著增加(P<0.05),而丙二醛含量随剂量增加而存在降低趋势(P=0.079)。与对照组和低剂量组相比,高剂量组血浆免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量有增加趋势(P=0.059)。综上所述,断奶前犊牛饲喂高剂量25(OH)VD₃有利于促进体内生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-1分泌,可提高犊牛抗氧化能力,增强免疫功能。     

乳牛口服过量维生素A对维生素D3及钙磷代谢的影响

从北京郊区某农场选取１０头健康成年黑白花乳牛，随机分为试验（５头，每周每头口服维生素Ａ１００万单位）和对照（５头，不作任何处理）两组。８周以后检测发现，试验组血清钙和无机磷水平呈下降趋势；尾椎骨皮质变薄，密度下降，呈现骨质吸收现象；血清碱性磷酸酶显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）；其活性代谢产物２５－羟维生素Ｄ３（２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３）极显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；１，２５－二羟维生素Ｄ３［１，２５－（ＯＨ）２－     

乳牛口服大量β-胡萝卜素对维生素D3及钙磷代谢的影响

６头健康成年荷斯坦乳牛被随机均分为２组。试验组牛第１周每头口服β－胡萝卜素２３．０ｇ,以后每周每头口服１１．５ｇ,对照组不做任何处理。试验期共８周。结果表明,试验组乳牛血清钙及无机磷水平呈下降趋势;血清维生素Ｄ３活性代谢产物２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３和１,２５－（ＯＨ）２－Ｄ３均呈现明显下降;至第５周末,血液β－胡萝卜素水平最高,２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３水平下降非常明显。据此认为,乳牛对β－胡萝卜素的吸收存在一阈值,大剂量的β－胡萝卜素进入机体,可能直接干扰维生素Ｄ３的羟化,使其活性代谢产物呈下降趋势,但由于吸收阈值的存在,其对维生素Ｄ３和骨骼钙磷代谢的干扰作用可得到一定程度的减缓。     

马铃薯晚疫病病菌对四种杀菌剂的交互抗性

通过测定甲霜灵敏感菌株和抗性菌株对甲霜灵、恶霜灵、霜脲氰、薯瘟锡的抗药水平和抗药类型以确定致病疫霉对此 4种内吸性杀菌剂的交互抗性关系。结果表明 ,致病疫霉对甲霜灵、恶霜灵、薯瘟锡三者间具有正交互抗性 ,此 3种药剂与霜脲氰间无交互抗性关系     

10%烯啶虫胺水剂和25%噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂混配对水稻褐飞虱的防效简

采用10％烯啶虫胺水剂、25％噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂2种杀虫剂及其复配药剂对褐飞虱进行了田间试验,结果表明：10烯啶虫胺水剂（有效成分36g／hm^2）对褐飞虱有较好的速效性和持效性,药后3d和7d的防效分别达到了84．92％和96．58％;10％烯啶虫胺水剂：25％噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂=1：9（有效成分75g,hm。）7d后的防治效果较好,防效为92．34％,明显高于25％噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂（有效成分112．5g,hm。）的防效。     

Carbon stocks and greenhouse gas balance of harvested wood products: focus on the Asia-Pacific Partnership countries vis-à-vis the European Union

With the analytical tool, Frankfurt Harvested Wood Products Model, FPM, the carbon stocks and carbon stock changes of Harvested Wood Products, HWP, either in USE or in LANDFILLS L-F, have been evaluated, each separately, from the readily available statistical data base of the FAO, FAOSTAT, on the wood commodities: “Sawnwood and Wood-based Panels, SWP” and the paper commodities, “Paper and Paperboard, PAP”. The focus was on the newly founded Asia-Pacific Partnership countries for Clean Development and Climate (in short AP6), including Canada, which wants to join the AP6, in relation to the countries of the European Union EU-25. It could be shown that the stocks and stock changes of the HWP in USE follow a simple algorithm of the annual consumption or production and their mean annual growth, for the categories SWP and PAP, provided the mean residence times of the HWP in USE can be estimated. With the information on the fraction of residues entering the landfills and their estimated residence times an equivalent simple expression has been derived for stocks and stock changes of the HWP in LANDFILLS L-F. Their values have been calculated to be approximately 0.5 to 0.7 times smaller than those of the HWP in USE. Still, all stock changes of the HWP in L-F were positive and thus accumulating carbon. However, when methane outgasing within the HWP in L-F had been considered, the calculated Greenhouse Gas Balance was zero or negative under the estimated parameters thus to at least partly compensate the positive storage of carbon in HWP in USE. The percentage of CO₂ removed by the HWP in USE in comparison to the annual greenhouse gas emissions varied from 0.3 to 1.7%, with a mean value of 0.8% for the AP6 countries including Canada, in contrast to 1.0% of the EU-25 countries. Despite of the relative small magnitude in relation to the total emission of all GHG this contribution should not be neglected in the GHG Budget of a country.