彩色大白菜新品种“金冠2号”的选育

在1996年育成彩色大白菜材料的基础上,应用优良自交系92S24等采用杂交、自交,育成了系列彩色大白菜自交系,2002年从20多个杂交组合中筛选“金冠2号”新品种(01S1024×01S915)。该品种叶球叠抱,高头球形,株高41 cm,株幅65 cm;球形指数1.4;外叶绿色,球叶外层2~3片叶为绿色,内层叶色为橙色,在阳光下叶色稍变红;单球净重2.5~3.0 kg,净菜率为75%以上,结球紧实,营养丰富,商品性好;球叶类胡萝卜素含量为优质普通大白菜秦白二号的3.47倍,vC、可溶性糖、粗蛋白分别提高44%、36%和18%,干物质提高11.73%,粗纤维减少26.0%。一般净菜产量为90.0 t/hm2左右,高抗病毒病、霜霉病、干烧心、软腐病和黑斑病,生育期75~80 d。2004年通过陕西省新品种鉴定。     

BA-1对猪血发酵的研究

以BA-1为发酵菌种,鲜猪血为原料,采用固体、通风发酵法生产发酵血粉。结果表明,产品含鱼体必需的10种氨基酸,蛋白质含量为36.77％,水溶性物质总量和水溶性蛋白质含量分别比发酵前提高48.3％和170.15％,游离氨基酸总量为普通血粉的14.06倍。其中,必需氨基酸为11.52倍。鲤对发酵血粉的消化率为86.32％。表明BA-1作为血粉发酵菌种,效果显著。     

烟粉虱复合种不同地理种群的遗传分化

烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) 是由具有遗传分化的不同地理种群组成的复合种。本文介绍了烟粉虱不同地理种群遗传分化的最新研究进展，并在世界各国对烟粉虱核糖体ITS1(rDNA ITS1)、线粒体COI（mtDNA COI）基因大量测序的基础上，进一步分析了烟粉虱不同地理种群的遗传分化。根据mtDNA COI和rDNA ITS1基因序列分析的结果，烟粉虱不同地理种群可分为5组，即亚洲组（Asia group）、美洲组（America group）、非洲组（Africa group）、澳洲组(Australia group)、B型/地中海/中东/北非/Ms型组(Biotype B/Mediterranean/Middle Eastern/Northern Africa/Biotype Ms group)；此外，还包括3个没有特定组的种群，即乌干达（Uganda）、科特迪瓦（Ivory Coast和台湾（Taiwan）种群。地理隔离可能是造成烟粉虱不同地理种群遗传分化的最重要驱动力。许多具有入侵性或生物学优势的烟粉虱种群随着人类活动而传入新的地区，造成了严重的经济损失。有必要加强烟粉虱生物型的监测，遏制已入侵烟粉虱种群的蔓延，防止新的具有潜在危险性的烟粉虱种群传入中国。     

H5亚型禽流感灭活疫苗的研制

以H5N1亚型禽流感病毒接种鸡胚，收取鸡胚液为抗原研制了禽流感灭活疫苗，并对制苗抗原以及疫苗的物理性状、安全性、免疫效力、免疫剂量和保护期等进行了试验。结果表明，获得了较高效价的制苗抗原．灭活前后HA分别为2^10.0-11.0和2^9.0-10.0。试制疫苗物理性状符合要求，安全性良好。试验鸡在免疫14d后血清抗体达到2^7.5，210d血清HI抗体仍维持在2^5.0左右；免疫后18d使用高致病性H5亚型禽流感病毒攻毒，获得100％的保护。分别使用0．1，0．3和0．5mL免疫鸡，发现0．3～0．5mL剂量组免疫后血清抗体达到2^7.4-8.0。疫苗在2～8℃保存540d，疫苗物理性状没有改变，免疫后血清HI抗体可以达到2^7.5。这提示研制的疫苗可以有效控制禽流感H5亚型的流行。     

甘蓝两种SRK短截蛋白的体外表达及其与THL1作用检测

 为探明S–位点受体激酶（SRK）上与类硫氧还蛋白1（THL1）作用的氨基酸区域以及两者间作用方式,依据SRK_E1上功能域分布构建了两种SRK_E1短截体原核表达质粒pGEX-SRK_E1A和pGEX-SRK_E1B,分别在大肠杆菌BL21中获得了可溶性表达。通过体外孵育检测蛋白质相互作用的方法对SRK_E1A、SRK_E1B与THL1相互作用进行了检测,结果表明SRK_E1A和SRK_E1B均可与THL1结合,明确了THL1与SRK相互作用并不依赖于SRK激酶活性。两类SRK等位序列间比对结果表明Cys在两类SRK间的保守性存在明显差异,推测两类SRK材料亲和性的差异可能与Cys保守性不同有关。     

板栗赤霉素缺陷型短雄花序芽变的初步鉴定及CmGID1基因的表达分析

 利用赤霉素、细胞分裂素、脱落酸、乙烯利和吲哚乙酸分别涂抹板栗短雄花序,结果显示仅赤霉素能够抑制短雄花序顶端的细胞程序性死亡,并在一定程度上恢复短雄花序的伸长生长。通过RT-PCR扩增方法,从板栗短雄花序芽变和正常雄花序cDNA中克隆出赤霉素受体基因GID1部分序列。测序及序列分析结果表明：克隆的cDNA片段为786 bp,所推导的氨基酸序列与杨毛果GID1氨基酸序列有91%的同源性,与陆地棉、蓖麻GID1均有85%的氨基酸序列同源性。经氨基酸序列功能分析,推测该GID1序列是板栗有编码功能的赤霉素受体基因,命名为CmGID1（GenBank登录号为HQ651231）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,从花序萌发至花药萌发前期,除其中一个时期（5月23日）外,芽变短雄花序CmGID1的表达量均高于正常雄花序;在花序的快速生长期,芽变短雄花序CmGID1表达量显著高于正常雄花序（P < 0.01）;且赤霉素处理后恢复生长的短雄花序CmGID1表达量显著降低（P < 0.01）。综合试验结果,初步揭示了该短雄花序为一个赤霉素缺陷型突变体。     

羽衣甘蓝ARC1的基因分离、表达及与SRK相互作用的分析

 以羽衣甘蓝（Brassica oleracea var. acephala）自交不亲和系（S_13-b S_13-b）为试验材料,利用RT-PCR的方法分离其ARC1基因cDNA序列（命名为BoARC1,GenBank登录号为EU344909）。BoARC1 cDNA序列中含有1个1 992 bp的开放读码框（ORF）,编码1个含有663个氨基酸的蛋白质。羽衣甘蓝BoARC1与油菜BnARC1的氨基酸序列具有94%的一致性;Southern杂交结果显示BoARC1在基因组中只存在单一拷贝;Northern杂交结果显示BoARC1特异性地在柱头组织中表达;在酵母双杂交试验分析中,BoARC1能够与SRK₃、SRK _13-b和SRK₉₁₀的胞内激酶域发生相互作用。     

苦瓜新品种金绿苦瓜的选育

金绿苦瓜是由材料Y100作母本,913＃作父本配制而成的苦瓜一代杂种。植株生长势旺盛,单株坐果能力强,瓜长圆锥形,表皮油绿亮泽,瓜长25 cm左右,横径约5.7 cm,肉厚1.0 cm,单瓜质量320 g左右,感官品质优;鲜果VC含量622 mg•kg^-1,可溶性固形物23 g•kg^-1,粗蛋白9.9 g•kg^-1,粗纤维12 g•kg^-1。中抗白粉病,田间表现耐热、耐寒性好。每667 m2产量3 800 kg左右。适宜华南地区春秋种植。     

Hybridization among Epimedium (Berberidaceae) species native to China

The hybridization of fourteen plant populations belonging to seven Epimedium species native to China was studied by self-cross, infra-population cross, inter-population cross within species, and interspecific cross. Self-pollination studies on nine populations indicated high incompatibility; capsule-set rates were higher than zero in only three (4.61–6.76%). Interspecific cross-pollinations demonstrated high crossabilities in most cross combination (15.38–92.44% capsule-set rate), and the F₁ seeds possessed high germination rates (>20%). The F₁ hybrids of three interspecific cross combinations were raised to maturity. The morphology, karyomorphology of somatic cells, and pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis of these F₁ plants revealed that they were all highly fertile (>76.10% in pollen viability), that there were few structural differences in chromosomes among species, and that most PMCs had 6 bivalents at MI. Abnormal chromosomal behaviors occurred in a minority, including chromosome bridges, unequal segregation of chromosome number, lagging chromosomes, and micronuclei. A series of experimental crosses provided strong evidence for an outbreeding system and a weak internal barrier to hybridizations in the taxa studied.     

Protective effect of recombinant SCR15-18 domain of human complement receptor type 1 on intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of recombinant SCR15-18 domain of human complement receptor type 1 (CR1-SCR-15-18) on intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in a rat model. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation(SO) group, ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) group and CR1-SCR15-18 treatment group. The superior mesenteric artery of the rats was clamped for 30 min followed by 60 min of reperfusion. PBS alone or CR1-SCR15-18 protein (30 mg/kg) in PBS was intravenously administered 5 min before reperfusion. Intestinal vascular permeability, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. The histopathological changes of intestinal mucosa were examined by HE staining and complement 3 was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: Compared with SO group, the vascular permeability, the activity of MPO and the content of MDA in I/R group were significantly increased, and the activity of SOD was decreased. HE staining demonstrated that I/R induced severe intestinal histological damages and the increased amount of complement 3 and its derivates were deposited in the necrosis area. Compared with I/R group, the vascular permeability, the activity of MPO and the content of MDA were decreased and the activity of SOD was significantly increased in CR1-SCR15-18 treatment group. CR1-SCR15-18 also significantly attenuated intestinal histological injury, and reduced the deposition of complement 3 and its derivates in the necrosis zone. CONCLUSION: sCR1-SCR15-18 protein exerts a protective effect against intestinal I/R injury in rats, possibly by inhibiting the activation of complement.