生姜辛香物质合成途径关键基因ZoHMGR的克隆及表达

为探明3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶(HMGR)在生姜(Zingiber officinale Roscoe)倍半萜合成途径的调节作用,根据在竹根姜转录组数据库中HMGR不同转录本序列,经比对分析后利用RT-PCR技术克隆HMGR基因的全长cDNA序列,并对其进行生物信息学分析;再利用荧光定量PCR技术检测目的基因在竹根姜不同组织和叶组织在不同诱导条件下的表达特性,同时分析其生成的倍半萜物质。结果表明:克隆的竹根姜ZoHMGR基因编码562个氨基酸,其与姜科植物阳春砂的亲缘关系最近。ZoHMGR基因主要在根茎中表达,其次是叶,而茎和根中的表达量最低,符合生姜不同组织中倍半萜物质的含量特征;该基因同时受物理伤害和茉莉酸甲酯处理的诱导,分别在6h和12h达最高表达水平,同时有倍半萜类物质生成。     

日本血吸虫谷胱甘肽S－转移酶小鼠免疫试验

用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖亲和层析柱纯化中国大陆株日本血吸虫成虫谷胱甘肽Ｓ－转移酶（ＧＳＴ）。把纯化的ＧＳＴ结合福氏性剂免疫了二批达ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，获得了２９．５８～３２．７１％的减虫率和５２．９４～６８．１３％的粪便减卵率。ＥＬＩＳＡ试验表明免疫小鼠产生了体液免疫应答，免疫印迹试验（ＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＢｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ）显示日本血吸虫水溶性成虫抗原和ＧＳＴ抗原的２６、２８ｋＤ蛋白被免疫小鼠血清所识别。     

非生物胁迫下青花菜内参基因的筛选

【目的】检测非生物胁迫下常见内参基因的表达稳定性,筛选出青花菜的适宜内参基因。【方法】以青花菜高代自交系“KU19-3”为试验材料,利用已有的转录组数据和文献,筛选出31个候选内参基因,对其在不同非生物胁迫下(盐、干旱、渍水、弱光、高温和低温)的表达水平进行荧光定量PCR检测,采用geNorm、Normfinder和BestKeeper软件分析其表达稳定性,从而筛选出适宜的内参基因。【结果】31个候选内参基因的扩增特异性良好,且表达水平差异明显。其中BOL029171的Ct值最小,表达量最大;而BOL001470的Ct值最大,表达量最小。其他基因的Ct值介于20～40。3种软件综合分析结果表明：BOL034565和BOL008820在高温胁迫下最稳定,BOL043724和BOL005937在弱光胁迫下表达稳定性最好,BOL043724和BOL001470、BOL005937和BOL006136分别在低温和盐胁迫下表达最稳定,BOL024326和BOL025875、BOL008820和BOL001788分别在渍水和干旱胁迫处理下表达最稳定。综合上述得出BOL006136和BOL00882...     

Cloning and Tissue Expression Analysis of PDK4 and FGF10 Genes in Guizhou Congjiang Xiang Pig

The objective of this study was to clone PDK4 and FGF10 genes, and investigate the expression level of PDK4 and FGF10 genes mRNA in different tissues of Large White pig and Congjiang Xiang pig. The PDK4 and FGF10 genes were cloned by RT-PCR and analyzed by bioinformatics, the relative expression of PDK4 and FGF10 genes were detected by Real-time PCR. The results showed that the coding region of PDK4 gene was 1 224 bp, encoding 407 amino acids; The coding region of FGF10 gene was 636 bp and encoded 211 amino acids. The homologies of nucleotide sequences of PDK4 gene with sheep, horse and human were 93%, 92% and 91%,respectively. The homologies of nucleotide sequences of FGF10 gene with sheep, cattle, human and mouse were 94%,93%, 93% and 90%, respectively. The phylogenetic tree of PDK4 gene showed that the genetic relationship of Congjiang Xiang pig, cattle and sheep were very close, the phylogenetic tree of FGF10 gene indicated that the genetic relationship of Congjiang Xiang pig, cattle, sheep, human and macaque were very close, but the genetic relationship of Congjiang Xiang pig, rat and chicken were far away. Real-time PCR results showed that, in different tissues of Congjiang Xiang pig,PDK4 gene expression in kidney tissue was higher than other tissues, with a higher expression in stomach and adipose as well,FGF10 gene expression in stomach tissue was higher than other tissues, with a higher expression in kidney and adipose as well, but both of PDK4 and FGF10 genes expression were the lowest in longissimus dorsi. In different tissues of Large White pig, both of PDK4 and FGF10 genes were expressed the highest in adipose than other tissues, PDK4 gene expression in longissimus dorsi was the lowest, while the FGF10 gene expression the lowest in heart. This study successfully cloned the PDK4 and FGF10 genes of Large White pig and Congjiang Xiang pig,and detected the relative expression of PDK4 and FGF10 genes in different tissues of Large White pig and Congjiang Xiang pig, and also provided scientific basis for further study on regulation of PDK4 and FGF10 genes on lipid metabolism and deposition.     

牦牛肌内脂肪沉积影响因素及相关基因研究进展

肌内脂肪含量是牦牛肉品质的主要决定因素之一,可通过改变肌内脂肪含量有效改善牦牛肉品质.肌内脂肪的沉积受品种、性别、营养、环境等诸多因素影响,目前对于肌内脂肪沉积相关基因和营养方面的研究较多,但环境和性别因素对肌内脂肪沉积的影响则研究较少.本文主要对影响牦牛肌内脂肪沉淀的因素和牦牛肌内脂肪沉积的相关基因进行综述,旨在为牦...     

水稻抗性基因Pi对福建省稻瘟病菌优势菌群的抗性分析

【目的】抗病品种的合理利用和布局是实现水稻抗瘟持久化的关键因子之一。为明确水稻24个抗性基因在福建省的抗病性及其应用前景,【方法】首先分别采用全国稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴别品种和CO39近等基因系来鉴定2012-2015年间从福建省各稻区种植的普感品种丽江新团黑谷上采集的347株稻瘟病菌单孢菌株的生理小种类型和致病型,再测定24个抗性基因对福建省稻瘟病菌的抗性。【结果】根据全国稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴别品种对菌株的抗感反应,可将供试稻瘟病菌的生理小种划分为6个群36个生理小种,其中ZA、ZB和ZC为主要种群,ZC15、ZD7和ZB15为优势生理小种。根据CO39近等基因系的接种结果,将供试稻瘟病菌划分为17个致病类型,其中I34.1为优势致病型。供试的24个抗性基因对347株福建省稻瘟病菌菌株的抗性频率不同,抗谱为9.80%~89.91%。其中,Pi-k~m、Pi-7(t)、Pi-9(t)、Pi-k~p、Pi-k、Pi-k~h、Pi-z~5和Pi-ta(1)等8个抗性基因的抗病性较强,抗谱均高于70.00%。【结论】说明这8个抗性基因在福建省具有较好的应用前景,育种时可以考虑联合利用这些抗性基因。同时,实验结果表明,这8个抗性基因对主要生理小种的抗谱和主要致病型的抗谱均值高于69.00%,与其对所有测试菌株的抗谱吻合。说明利用稻瘟病菌的优势种群或优势致病型来鉴定水稻品种的抗病性是可靠的。     

Risk Assessment and Biosafety Studies of Transgenic Bt Rice （Oryza sativa L.）

Transgenic crops having alien genes from different sources are getting popularity. A Rice （Oryza sativa L.） containing gene from Bacillus thuringiensis, a soil bacterium, was assessed to study the potential risks of transgenic plants on environment. The crop was found resistant to target insect pests. Rice variety Basmati-370 transformed with two insecticidal genes, crylAc and cry2A, was grown under field conditions for several years. Data were collected at different stages of the plant growth. Fate of Cry protein in soil, effect of Bt protein on non-target insects, risks of vertical and horizontal gene flow were evaluated. No potential hazard was found at all levels. Bt protein was unstable and degraded significantly in soil within 30 days after harvesting the crop. No harmful effects were found on non-target insects （insects other than order lepidoptera）. Maximum gene flow of 0.02% was observed at close spacing and no evidence of horizontal gene transfer to Rhizobium spp. was found. In conclusion, the transgenic rice plants transformed with Bt genes have no harmful effects on the environment.     

禽类Mx基因GTP酶效应区(GED)序列适应性进化分析

为进一步了解禽类Mx基因进化历程及结构与功能变异,测定了4种经济类型11个地方鸡品种:肉用型(惠阳胡须鸡、清远麻鸡、文昌鸡)、兼用型(藏鸡、狼山鸡、寿光鸡、北京油鸡、萧山鸡、鹿苑鸡)、蛋用型(白耳鸡)、药用和观赏型(丝羽乌骨鸡)Mx基因GTP酶效应区(GTPase effector domain,GED)序列,并结合已报道的原鸡及部分其他鸡形目和雁形目禽类相关序列,采用mrModeltest和MrBayes筛查最适核苷酸替代模型、构建贝叶斯进化树,并采用Datamonkey和PAML4b检测位点选择压力。结果:获得了中国地方鸡种Mx基因GED区核苷酸序列,全长231 bp,编码77个氨基酸。序列联配结果表明家鸡Mx基因GED区高度保守,仅发现3个突变位点,分别位于2 032 bp、2 075 bp和2 139 bp处。AIC信息量准则表明禽类Mx基因GED区的最优核苷酸替代模型为GTR+G。基于最优模型重建的禽类Mx基因GED区贝叶斯进化树具有较高的后验概率,揭示的系统发育关系和禽类物种进化基本一致。Datamonkey的单一断裂点扫描和遗传算法扫描均未发现禽类Mx基因GED区序列数据集有重组事件,位点选择压力检测结果表明禽类Mx基因GED区在进化过程中并未受到正选择作用。     

水稻新型育种技术研究现状与展望

水稻是我国主要粮食作物之一,提高水稻产量、改善品质一直是水稻育种研究的重要目标.育种技术的改进有利于育种效率的提高,随着科学技术的迅猛发展,水稻育种技术也在逐步完善.对分子标记育种、转基因育种、基因编辑育种和分子设计育种等目前水稻育种中广泛使用的育种技术进行了总结,并进一步展望了不同育种方法的发展前景,以期为水稻种业发...     

降解赤霉病菌毒素Tri101基因的原核表达及抗体制备

采用RT-PCR方法克隆了编码禾谷镰刀菌单端孢酶烯3-O-乙酰转移酶Tri101基因的cDNA序列,并连接到原核表达载体pGEX-4T2上,将获得的重组载体pGEX-4T2/Tri101转化大肠杆菌BL21后用IPTG进行诱导表达。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析表明,经IPTG诱导后,Tri101基因在大肠杆菌BL21中获得了高效表达,融合蛋白GST-Tri101分子量为75.45 kDa。将该融合蛋白切胶纯化后免疫家兔,制备兔抗GST-Tri101多克隆抗体。经ELISA法测定抗体效价大于1∶256 000。Western blot分析表明制备的抗体与原核细胞体外表达的Tri101蛋白可以特异性结合,表明该抗体的特异性良好。应用该抗体验证了感赤霉病小麦中Tri101基因的表达。兔抗GST-Tri101抗体的成功制备,为进一步研究Tri101的生物学功能、细胞定位以及在其它植物中的表达等奠定了基础。