大青叶中4（3H）喹唑酮体外抗H1N1型流感病毒的作用研究

目的：探讨大青叶中4（3H）喹唑酮体外抗H1N1型流感病毒的作用。方法：用MTT染色法测定大青叶中4（3H）喹唑酮通过不同加药方式对H1N1型流感病毒的体外抑制作用。结果：大青叶中4（3H）喹唑酮对H1N1型流感病毒具有明显的阻断作用和对细胞内病毒有抑制作用。结论：大青叶中4（3H）喹唑酮具有明显的体外阻止H1N1型流感病毒吸附到靶细胞和抑制H1N1型流感病毒增殖的作用。     

Genetic Variability in Phosphorus Acquisition and Utilization Efficiency from Sparingly Soluble P-Sources by Brassica Cultivars under P-Stress Environment

Plants display an array of classical strategies to maximize phosphate (Pi) acquisition from sparingly soluble P sources. Acclimation to Pi-stress via elegant Pi-starvation induced (PSI) adjustments would reduce our current overreliance on expensive, polluting and non-renewable Pi-fertilizers. Nevertheless, differences in the ability of various species to solubilize sparingly soluble P-sources have been often evidenced; inter-cultivar variations are scarcely documented. Brassica is known as an effective, non-mycorrhizal user of sparingly soluble P-sources. Various growth parameters and biomass accumulation by genetically diverse Brassica cultivars were determined in four experiments using hydroponics and quartz sand culture media. Role of PSI root mediated pH changes, organic anions (OAs) exudation and altered root architecture in mobilization and acquisition of sparingly soluble P-forms [Jordan rock-P (RP) at 2 g l⁻¹ and Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (TCP) at 0.2 g l⁻¹ respectively] was investigated. Cultivars showed considerable genetic variations in biomass accumulation, various growth parameters and root–shoot ratio. Concentration and total uptake of P, specific absorption rate of P, P-transport rate and P-utilization efficiency (PUE) were also significantly (P < 0.001) different for various cultivars and their dry matter was significantly correlated with P-uptake [r = 0.94** (significant at 1% level)]. P-tolerant cultivars showed substantial decrease in solution media pH because of H⁺ efflux and exuded more carboxylates than low P-sensitive cultivars under P-starvation. P-uptake by cultivars increased linearly with decreasing pH. The amount and types of OAs exuded from the roots of P-starved plants differed from those of plants grown under P-sufficient environment. In split pot study, with TCP and RP supplied spatially separated from other nutrients, efficient cultivars were still able to mobilize RP and TCP more efficiently than inefficient cultivars. In rhizobox study, the elongation rates of primary roots decreased but the elongation rates of the branched zones of primary roots and the length of lateral roots increased under P-starvation. Tested cultivars showed genetic diversity in accessing, mobilization, acquisition and utilization of Pi from sparingly soluble P forms. An arrange marriage of plant traits can explain cultivar’s access to different forms of sparingly soluble P, and in addition to altered lateral root topology and enhanced P-uptake and PUE, enhanced H⁺ efflux and OAs exudation are key factors in Pi scavenging from extra cellular sparingly soluble P-forms.     

Ni/Al2O3-MxOy催化剂催化松香氢化反应研究

研究了自制非贵金属纳米催化剂Ni/Al2O3-MxOy催化松香的氢化反应。结果表明,松香氢化的最适工艺条件为:反应温度210℃、反应压力4.5 MPa、反应时间2 h、催化剂用量2.5%、搅拌转速500 r/min,在此条件下枞酸转化率可达98%以上,催化剂可重复使用4次。     

德本F1蓝本F1牛适应性分析研究

研究了德国黄牛和比利时蓝牛的杂种后代德本F1、蓝本F1牛在甘肃省陇东地区肉牛带的适应性能，主要包括生长发育、增重、抗病性和繁殖性能等因素。结果表明德本F1、蓝本F1牛在试验期内（0～12月龄）的各项指标均优于本地牛，对当地饲养条件和环境条件表现出了良好的适应能力，可以在当地推广应用。     

日粮中添加不同水平的维生素E对小白牛肉贮存期间滴水损失率和TBA值的影响

本试验考察了饲料中添加维生素E(VE)对小白牛肉(中国荷斯坦公犊牛)贮存期间滴水损失率和TBA值的影响。试验选取16头小白牛,按体重随机分为4组,每组4头。在屠宰前30d每天添加不同水平的VE,添加水平分别为0mg/d、500mg/d、800mg/d和2 000mg/d。屠宰后将牛肉贮存14d。贮存期间选取滴水损失率和TBA值作为肉品质的考察依据。结果表明:随着贮存时间的延长,各组牛肉滴水损失率增加,而不同添加水平间差异不显著(P>0.05)。TBA值随时间延长而升高,从第4天开始,VE0组和VE500组,与VE800组和VE2000组之间差异显著(P>0.05),VE0组与VE500组,VE800与VE2000组之间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。表明饲料中添加VE800mg/d可使小白牛肉有很好的抗氧化效果。     

仔猪水肿病的诊断和防制

应用微生物学方法从患病猪分离病原菌，根据病原菌的形态染色特性、培养特性和生化特性，以及动物试验、血清学验、病毒检测，最后确诊为由大肠埃希氏菌引起的仔猪水肿。用自制的仔猪水肿病多价油乳剂灭活疫苗进行预防，取得了良好的临床效果。     

Gene expression of fatty acid-binding proteins, fatty acid transport proteins (cd36 and FATP) and β-oxidation-related genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed fish oil or vegetable oil

Relative gene expression pattern of fatty acid transport proteins (FATP and cd36), intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP3, FABP10 and FABP11), β-oxidation-related genes [carnitine palmitoyl transferase II (CPTII), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β (PPARβ), acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX), long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (FACS), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (dehydrogenase)] and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was assessed by RT-qPCR in Atlantic salmon muscle (red and white), liver, heart, myosepta and visceral fat. FABP11, a FABP isoform not previously described in Atlantic salmon, was highly expressed in visceral fat and myosepta and at the lower level in red muscle, white muscle, myosepta and heart. Furthermore, Atlantic salmon were fed either a diet containing fish oil (FO) or a complete replacement of FO with a vegetable oil blend (55% rapeseed oil, 30% palm oil and 15% linseed oil; VO) for the production cycle (27 months from start of feeding and until ∼4.5 kg mean weight). The expression of genes related to β-oxidation, fatty acid uptake and transport in the white muscle indicate ( n  = 3) significant down-regulation in VO fed Atlantic salmon and correlated with previously reported white muscle triacylglycerol stores and β-oxidation. FABP11 in visceral fat and myosepta was also down-regulated in VO fed fish.     

CdS纳米颗粒的合成、表面修饰及光学特性研究

用一步室温固相化学反应法合成CdS纳米颗粒，并以氨催化水解法对其表面进行了修饰，得到了具有CdS／SiO2核／壳结构的纳米微球，以透射电子显微镜和X-射线衍射仪对其结构和物相进行了表征，并研究了其光致发射光谱的性质，研究结果表明：固相反应完全，产物为纯相CdS，室温固相化学反应法避免了传统湿法存在的团聚现象的缺点，具有产率高、无污染、节能等优点；而且CdS纳米颗粒表面经SiO2修饰后，其带边发射显增强，缺陷发射减弱，且在一定范围内随着SiO2包覆层厚度的增加，荧光强度增加。     

重金属Cu~(2+)在黄鳝体内蓄积的研究

采用原子吸收分光光度法,分别测定了Cu2+及与表面活性剂AE、LAS参与下Cu2+在黄鳝体内肝脏、肌肉和性腺等不同组织部位中的蓄积量。实验结果表明:Cu2+在鱼体内的蓄积量与组织的类型、表面活性剂以及处理时间、Cu2+浓度等因素有关;同等条件下,Cu2+在3种组织器官中蓄积量的大小顺序为:肝脏>肌肉>性腺;鱼类对水相Cu2+的吸收符合简单的线性关系,且在一定范围内的蓄积量与处理液中Cu2+浓度、培养时间均成正比;表面活性剂LAS和AE对鱼类有较强的毒性作用,亦可使鱼体对Cu2+的吸收量产生一定的阻碍作用。