干旱区B/S模式水库调度系统设计

利用Visual Studio．NET的优良集成开发环境、采用SQL Server 2000作为B／S计算环境数据库服务器的分布式数据管理系统。针对干旱区水库调度的实际特点，选择了适合当地实际特点的预报、调度模型，考虑到该系统维护、升级的需要，系统采用组件技术，对各子系统进行功能分区，模块化处理。系统具备基本信息接收、存储和查询，洪水预报，水位预报，水库调度，成果管理和数据库管理等主要功能。系统界面简洁、友好，功能适用，方便操作。结合实例展示了系统的在干旱区的应用情况以及在进一步推广应用前景。     

Visits to the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation from South Asia and the Middle East, 1946–1990: An indicator of changing international programs and politics

International study programs have contributed to the diffusion of modern irrigation technologies, approaches, and problems. But the patterns and processes of international travel have received little attention to date. This paper examines foreign visits to the US Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) from South Asia and the Middle East from 1946 to 1990. Using data from the Foreign Activities Branch of the USBR, we compare the participation rates from 16 countries in South Asia and the Middle East. India, Turkey, and Egypt had the highest rates of participation, followed by Pakistan, Iran, and Israel. The frequency of visits is influenced by political, economic, cultural, and institutional factors. But the most important factors appear to be foreign relations and geopolitics. Given the problems faced by national irrigation bureaucracies around the world, there is a need to focus more directly on political factors than in the past.     

早籼型水稻温敏核不育系M103S的选育与光温反应特性

以温敏核不育水稻安农S—1为母本，以常规高产早籼稻品系92153为父本进行杂交，通过低温选择和人工气候箱鉴定，育成了育性转换临界温度23—24℃的早籼型温敏核不育系M103S。光周期长于12．5h，日平均温度高于24℃，可以用于制种，日平均温度低于23℃，可以用于繁殖。光周期长于13．5h，日平均温度高于23℃，可以用于制种。自然条件下不育起点温度为日均温23—24℃，耐低温期为3—4d。敏感期为抽穗前的7—14d。播始历期为53—79d，主茎叶片数10．0—12．6片。从播种到始穗的活动积温和有效积温，分别为1493．8—1766．3℃和733．4—1058．3℃。不育期的株高63．6—77．5cm，平均72．0cm，单株有效穗6．4—12．0个，平均9．3个，穗长20．9—22．7cm，平均21．2cm，每穗颖花数112．1—137．3朵，平均122．3朵。可育期株高65．7cm，单株有效穗7．2个，穗长17．2cm，每穗总粒数114．1粒，结实率47．23％，千粒重31．34g。以M103S为母本，与100多个早籼品种进行测配，杂种表现生育期早、穗大、粒多、千粒重高。     

版纳省藤家系苗期生长特性的初探

文章对收集的版纳省藤家系进行苗期生长变异的观察,结果发现:家系间根长和芽长及叶片数和最大叶长都存在极显著的差异;叶片数和最大叶生长与气温关系显著,叶片数和最大叶生长趋势相似,移苗后的2、3个月生长最快,12月至次年的2月生长缓慢;主成分分析选出6个优良家系,其中4个分布在勐腊尚勇地区。     

新疆融雪洪水预警决策支持系统研究

提出以数据仓库、方法库、模型库、知识库一体化模式实现基于“3S”的新疆融雪洪水预警决策支持系统的研究思路。信息系统是整个系统的事务管理层,决策支持系统则是系统应用处理层,两者互为依托。信息系统是决策支持系统的信息源,决策支持系统所产生的结果进入信息系统并对其进行管理,当决策支持系统的模型、方法、知识运作成熟,数据结构化后,又将进入信息系统中,成为信息系统的组成部分。     

新疆某牛场大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及16S rRNA序列分析

为了调查新疆某规模化奶牛场犊牛腹泻的原因并确定病原,无菌采集15份腹泻犊牛粪样进行病原的分离培养,采用形态学观察、生化试验、血清学和致病性分析等方法鉴定分离菌株,利用大肠杆菌16SrRNA通用引物进行基因序列扩增并测序,使用DNAStar软件将分离菌株测序结果与GenBank中的其他菌株序列进行同源性比对,采用Mega...     

不同处理对蛭石栽培的微型薯疮痂病防控效果及其微生态效应分析

通过田间小区试验评价了6个不同处理对蛭石栽培的微型马铃薯疮痂病的防效,并采用16S核糖体基因高通量测序技术研究了蛭石中细菌群落结构的变化.试验结果显示,棉隆+青霉菌34107处理对疮痂病防效最好(93.43％),显著高于对照药剂中生菌素处理(65.10％);而且商品薯的数量和经济效益也最高,分别达到348.3万个/hm...     

Land-use history has a stronger impact on soil microbial community composition than aboveground vegetation and soil properties

The response of soil microbial communities following changes in land-use is governed by multiple factors. The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) whether soil microbial communities track the changes in aboveground vegetation during succession; and (ii) whether microbial communities return to their native state over time. Two successional gradients with different vegetation were studied at the W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan. The first gradient comprised a conventionally tilled cropland (CT), mid-succession forest (SF) abandoned from cultivation prior to 1951, and native deciduous forest (DF). The second gradient comprised the CT cropland, early-succession grassland (ES) restored in 1989, and long-term mowed grassland (MG). With succession, the total microbial PLFAs and soil microbial biomass C consistently increased in both gradients. While bacterial rRNA gene diversity remained unchanged, the abundance and composition of many bacterial phyla changed significantly. Moreover, microbial communities in the relatively pristine DF and MG soils were very similar despite major differences in soil properties and vegetation. After >50 years of succession, and despite different vegetation, microbial communities in SF were more similar to those in mature DF than in CT. In contrast, even after 17 years of succession, microbial communities in ES were more similar to CT than endpoint MG despite very different vegetation between CT and ES. This result suggested a lasting impact of cultivation history on the soil microbial community. With conversion of deciduous to conifer forest (CF), there was a significant change in multiple soil properties that correlated with changes in microbial biomass, rRNA gene diversity and community composition. In conclusion, history of land-use was a stronger determinant of the composition of microbial communities than vegetation and soil properties. Further, microbial communities in disturbed soils apparently return to their native state with time.     

一株分离自葛藤根际高效溶磷细菌特性研究及菌株鉴定

对分离自葛藤(Pueraria lobata L.)根际的一株高效溶磷细菌GTR15进行促生特性、主要生理生化指标测定和16S rDNA序列分析。结果表明,菌株GTR15的HD/CD值(溶磷圈直径HD,菌落直径CD)为2.22,28℃液体振荡培养7 d后对磷酸钙的溶解量为138.72 mg.L-1,分泌IAA(3-吲哚乙酸)及有机酸量分别为14.44 mg.L-1、46.00 mmol.L-1。菌株革兰氏染色为阴性,细胞短杆状;淀粉水解、吲哚、V-P(二乙酰试验)、苯丙氨酸脱氨酶、明胶液化及M-R(甲基红)试验呈阴性;柠檬酸盐、过氧化氢酶、硫化氢及硝酸盐还原等试验呈阳性,结合菌株16S rDNA序列分析结果,初步鉴定为肠杆菌(Enterobacter sp.)。该菌株在研制高效微生物磷肥接种剂方面可能具有较大潜力。