新型绒山羊增绒技术及操作规程

1 技术核心 绒山羊绒毛生长呈明显的季节性周期变化,其中光照时间起了重要调节作用,日照时间由长变短时绒毛开始生长,日照时间由短变长时绒毛逐渐停止生长,日照时间通过影响体内激素的分泌与维持水平,最终控制绒毛的生长。据报道影响绒毛生长的激素有褪黑激素、催乳素、类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ等,     

Genetic Effects of IGF-Ⅰ Gene on the Growth and Reproductive Traits in Jinghai Yellow Chicken

The aim of this study was to analyze the association of SNPs in insulin like factor-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ） gene with chicken growth and reproductive traits. PCR-SSCP approach was applied to assess the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and the general linear model was used to analyze genetic effects between genotypes and growth traits of the Jinghai Yellow chicken. For the IGF-Ⅰ gene, three genotypes(AA, AB and BB) were detected in Jinghai Yellow chicken population, the frequency of A and B alleles were 0.613 and 0.387. Sequencing revealed one mutation(A60G) of IGF-Ⅰ gene in BB genotype in comparison to AA genotype. The results showed that BB genotype of the IGF-Ⅰ gene had higher bodyweight at 4 weeks compared to AA and AB genotypes(P<0.05);AA genotype of the IGF-Ⅰ gene had significantly higher bodyweight at 300 day-age-weight compared to BB genotype(P<0.05). Polymorphisms in exon 3 of IGF-Ⅰ gene had certain effect on growth and reproductive traits in Jinghai Yellow chicken. However, whether these polymorphisms were important genetic markers, which related with IGF-Ⅰ gene and reproduction traits in Jinghai Yellow chicken, were needed to be further studied.     

胰岛素诱导牛成肌细胞成脂分化的研究

【目的】建立稳定成熟的牛成肌细胞胰岛素诱导成脂分化体系,为肉牛肉脂品质的改良提供参考。【方法】取1日龄荷斯坦公牛犊后腿肌肉,用Ⅳ型胶原酶消化法分离成肌细胞,用胰岛素诱导成肌细胞成脂分化,以未添加胰岛素的培养基为对照组,检测成肌细胞成脂分化过程中细胞形态的变化,并分析与成肌细胞和脂肪细胞分化相关基因(C/EBPα、C/EBPβ、C/EBPδ、PPARγ、Myf5、MyoD)分别诱导第3,6,9,12,15天相对表达量的变化,分析牛成肌细胞的诱导分化情况。【结果】成功分离培养了牛原代成肌细胞。胰岛素处理组细胞中脂滴的油红O染色明显,C/EBPβ、C/EBPδ、PPARγ和MyoD相对表达量明显增高,C/EBPα和Myf5基因相对表达量则下降;用DMEM高糖培养基+体积分数10%胎牛血清(FBS)培养时,C/EBPs基因相对表达量总体高于DMEM高糖培养基+体积分数20%FBS+体积分数10%马血清(HS)。【结论】成功分离并鉴定了牛成肌细胞,建立了适于牛成肌细胞的体外培养体系,用胰岛素诱导成肌细胞成脂分化效果好。     

Effects of Dietary Lysine on Growth Performance,Serum Concentrations of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I （IGF-I） and IGF-I mRNA Expression in Growing Rabbits

The effects of dietary lysine on production performance,serum concentrations of metabolites,growth hormone （GH）,insulin-like growth factor-I （IGF-I） and IGF-I mRNA expression in growing rabbits were examined.One hundred weaned New Zealand rabbits were allocated to individual cages and randomly offered a diet containing 5.5 （L1）,6.5 （L2）,7.5 （L3）,8.5 （L4）,or 9.5 g （L5） lysine per kg diet.The results showed that the average daily gain （ADG） of the rabbits from L3,L4 or L5 was higher than those from L1 or L2 （P 〈 0.05）.The feed gain ratio （F/G） in the rabbits from L4 or L5 was lower than those from L1 or L2 （P 〈 0.05）.Dietary lysine did not affect serum concentrations of total protein （TP）,glucose,insulin （INS）,and growth hormone （GH） （P 〉 0.05）.The quadratic effects of lysine on the serum urea nitrogen （SUN） concentration was detected （P = 0.035）.Serum IGF-I concentrations had a trend to increase quadratically with the increasing dietary lysine （P = 0.07）.A significant correlation was found between serum IGF-I concentrations （x,ng mL-1） and ADG （y,g kg-1）： y = -0.017x2 ＋ 1.984x ＋ 20.87 （R2 = 0.8982,P = 0.003）.The relative abundance of hepatic and muscular IGF-I mRNA tended to increase with increasing dietary lysine levels （P = 0.053 and 0.082,respectively）.Providing the diets mainly consisted of corn,wheat bran and peanut vine,the most appropriate dietary lysine level for growing meat rabbits from weaning to 70 d old was found to be 8.5 g kg-1,and IGF-I may be an important factor controlling growth of weaned rabbits.     

黄秋葵的应用价值与展望

<正>1食用价值1.1营养成分分析据测定,北京地区黄秋葵食部88%,每100g含能量155k J,水分86.2g、蛋白质2.0g、脂肪0.1g、膳食纤维3.9g、碳水化合物7.1g、灰分0.7g、胡萝卜素310μg、视黄醇当量52μg、硫胺素0.05mg、核黄素0.09mg、尼克酸1.0mg、抗坏血酸4mg、维生素总E1.03mg[αE0.92mg、(β+γ)E0.11mg]、钾     

胰岛素生长因子-1保护心肌细胞免于凋亡的研究进展

胰岛素生长因子-1（insulinlike growth factor1,IGF-1）对心脏有积极的保护作用,但是对于其作用机制认识的不足是IGF-1作为心脏保护类药物应用于临床的主要障碍。本文就IGF-1保护心肌细胞免于凋亡的研究进展作一综述。     

治疗失眠有方法

睡眠或觉醒是正常的生理过程,但它不是人能完全自主控制的活动,而是一个被动过程。它不像人体某些活动可按人的意志,说来就来,要止则止,失眠的人就常常因为难以诱导自己进入睡眠而苦恼。其实,早期的轻度失眠,经过自我调理的办法就可恢复正常。一、平常而自然的心态出现失眠不必过分担心,越是紧张,越是强行入睡,结果适得其反。有些人对连续多天出现失眠便紧张不     

十二指肠灌注亮氨酸对奶牛胰腺淀粉酶分泌的影响

本试验旨在研究十二指肠灌注亮氨酸对奶牛胰腺淀粉酶分泌的影响。以4头周岁荷斯坦母牛[(215±7)kg]为试验动物,手术安装十二指肠胰液收集袋、灌注管和回流管以及颈静脉插管,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,进行十二指肠亮氨酸灌注试验[(灌注水平分别为0、29.5、59.1和88.6μmol/(kg.h)]。结果表明,随亮氨酸灌注水平升高,血浆胰岛素和胆囊收缩素浓度升高(P<0.05),胰腺α-淀粉酶合成速率(U/h)呈先升高后降低趋势(P<0.01),在29.5μmol/(kg.h)灌注水平时最大。十二指肠灌注亮氨酸也极显著影响了胰腺α-淀粉酶分泌浓度(U/L,P<0.01;U/g prot,P<0.01)。结果表明,亮氨酸可能通过刺激胰岛素和胆囊收缩素释放,调控青年奶牛胰腺淀粉酶分泌功能,二者存在剂量效应。