半番鸭生产研究进展

半番鸭是栖鸭属的番鸭与河鸭属的家鸭杂交生产的一种没有繁殖力的杂种鸭，俗称骡鸭、土番鸭、泥鸭等。由于半番鸭是属间远缘杂交的产物，具有明显的杂种优势，表现生长速度快、肉质细嫩鲜美、瘦肉含量多，而且体质健壮、抗病力强、性情安静等特点，受到养殖者和消费者的欢迎，在世界养鸭业中将继北京鸭、番鸭成为世界第三大类型肉鸭，也是水禽肥肝生产的理想素材。     

产蛋前期和产蛋高峰期鸡全基因组甲基化差异及其对肝脏转录组影响的研究

旨在通过对产蛋前期和产蛋高峰期鸡肝全基因组甲基化差异进行分析,解析基因组甲基化对不同发育阶段肝中基因表达差异的影响。本研究采用全基因组重亚硫酸盐测序（WGBS）技术对产蛋前期（20周龄）和产蛋高峰期（30周龄,各3只DNA混池）卢氏绿壳蛋鸡肝全基因组的甲基化水平进行检测,并与已有的肝mRNA转录组数据进行整合分析,探讨基因组甲基化对不同生理阶段基因表达差异的影响。结果表明,全基因组范围约有4%的胞嘧啶（C）发生了甲基化（mC）;两个生理阶段的总体甲基化水平基本一致。共检测到670个差异甲基化区域（DMRs）和356个差异甲基化基因（DMGs）。基因本体（GO）和相关信号通路（KEGG）分析发现,超甲基化DMGs显著富集在发育的正向调控、细胞形态改变的调控、VEGF信号通路、肌动蛋白细胞骨架的调控、粘着斑及间隙连接等相关过程,低甲基化DMGs显著富集在胚胎消化道形态的发生、间充质细胞增殖的正向调控、淀粉和蔗糖代谢及Wnt信号通路等相关过程。基因不同功能区域甲基化水平与基因表达水平有关,启动子（promoter）及基因体（gene body）区域甲基化水平与基因表达水平呈显著负相关,其他区域（内含子、3'UTR）的甲基化水平与基因的表达水平无明显关系。其中,与肝脂质代谢相关的候选基因RASD1、HAO1、UBE2O、MSRB3受甲基化调控。本研究绘制了不同生理时期卢氏绿壳蛋鸡全基因组甲基化图谱,结合mRNA转录组数据阐述了DNA甲基化在基因表达方面的调控作用,并鉴定出了不同生理时期受甲基化调控的基因,为深入研究表观遗传调控在不同生理时期蛋鸡肝代谢中的作用机制提供参考。     

猪源乳酸片球菌的分离及体外生物学特性研究

本试验分离得到一株猪乳酸片球菌ZLP025,对其进行了生长曲线、耐酸碱、产酸以及抑制病原菌等体外益生特性的研究。结果表明：乳酸片球菌ZLP025最佳接种量为2.5%,培养16 h时生长活菌数最高,且能够耐受的pH为3 ～ 10,在16 h时产乳酸最高,为73.75 mmol/L,具有较好的耐酸碱性能以及产乳酸性能。乳酸片球菌ZLP025对大肠杆菌抑菌圈直径能够达到28 mm,上清液稀释4倍能有效抑制大肠杆菌生物膜形成,猪源乳酸片球菌ZLP025上清液抑菌效果相应的抗生素效价分别为：盐酸四环素1.01 mg/mL、氨苄青霉素1.08 mg/mL、硫酸庆大霉素97.54 mg/mL及链霉素硫酸盐1.26 mg/mL。研究结果对今后该菌株的深入研究及产品开发提供科学依据。 [关键词] 猪|乳酸片球菌|益生特性|抑菌性能     

Preparation of Cathepsin L1 Monoclonal Antibody Against Fasclala gigantica and Establishment of Double Antibody Sandwich ELISA

【Objective】 This study was intend to obtain cathepsin L1(rFgCat L1) specific monoclonal antibody and construct the double antibody sandwich ELISA.【Method】 Five BALB/c mice were immunized with 1 mg/mL rFgCat L1 protein for four times.Mouse splenocytes were isolated and fused with SP2/0 cells to construct hybridoma cells.Strong positive hybridoma cell lines were screened, 1×10⁶ cells were injected intraperitoneally per mouse to prepare monoclonal antibodies.Antibody titer and antigenic epitope were detected using ELISA method, antibody subtype and specificity were identified using Western blotting method.The double antibody sandwich ELISA was constructed by combining the anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody, and its sensitivity and specificity were tested.The positive and negative critical value was screened by 20 negative sera with positive control, and the constructed double antibody sandwich ELISA was verified by 47 goat positive sera and 47 dairy cow positive sera.【Result】 After immunization, the antibody titers in serum of 4 mice were all more than 10⁴.After isolated mouse with the highest immune response spleen cells were fused with SP2/0 cells total of 8 of them were positive cell lines were obtained after selective culture.5D5 and 7G6 were identified as strong positive strains with stable antibody secretion.After multiple subcloning screens and subcultures, the antibodies secreted in the cell supernatant were stable, with titers of 2⁹ and 2¹⁰ respectively, with ascites titers of 10⁷ and 10⁸.Western blotting and antibody subtype identification kits identified that the two antibodies were IgG1 type and the light chain was kappa type, both of which could specifically bind FgESP.According to the same antigen site was recognized by the two kinds of antibodies, the antigen titer of the two monoclonal antibodies were comparied, 7G6 was used as the coating antibody, and anti-rFgCat L1 was used as the enzyme-labeled secondary antibody.The optimized condition of method was that 7G6 was coated at a concentration of 2 μg/mL, the dilution concentration of anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody was 25 μg/mL, the dilution of Don-HRP-conjugated was 1∶4 000, 5% skimmed milk powder was selected as the blocking solution and the color development time was 25 min.The method was proved that could recognize the lowest antigen concentration of 0.625 μg/mL, also could specifically recognize antigen of Fasciola fasciatus.The constructed sandwich ELISA method was used for antigen detection of 47 dairy cow positive serum and 47 goat positive serum infective samples kept in the laboratory and the positive antigen rate were 72.3% and 78.7%, respectively.【Conclusion】 Anti-rFgCat L1 monoclonal antibody was successfully prepared and the double-sheet sandwich ELISA method for fascioliasis was constructed, which provided a good theoretical basis and material basis for the development of low-cost and rapid diagnostic kits.     

树形影响桃树生长、产量和品质

据《果树学报》2022年第1期《树形对桃树生长、产量和品质的影响》(作者刘丽等)报道,为探讨中油20号桃不同树形对树体生长、产量和品质的影响,研究3年生中油20号桃"Y"形、主干形、三主枝开心形、四主枝开心形及"V"形5种树形的夏季结果枝部位的光照度、成熟果实品质及冬季树体结构。结果表明,同一树形不同部位的光照度和果实品质均有显著性差异,均为上层>中层>下层,不同树形相同部位间差异不显著。每667 m2产量为主干形>"V"形>"Y"形>三主枝>四主枝。     

TM卫片在森林资源调查中的应用

从3个方面论述了TM卫片的实际应用效果。     

胡杨多形叶气孔特征及光合特性的比较

为揭示多形叶发育的生态适应机制,选择锯齿卵圆形、卵圆形和披针形3种典型成年胡杨叶片进行气孔及光合特性方面的研究.观察到,胡杨叶片近轴面与远轴面的气孔密度相近,气孔为非均匀开闭;3种形态叶的气孔密度不同,锯齿卵圆形的最大,披针形的最小.气孔下陷程度存在显著差异,锯齿卵圆形叶气孔下陷较深,披针形的最浅.它们的光合速率日变化规律基本一致,呈单峰曲线.光合速率日平均值存在较大差异,卵圆形叶和锯齿卵圆形叶的光合速率日平均值明显高于披针形叶.3种形态叶的光补偿点相近,但饱和点存在差异;叶片的PSⅡ原初光能转换效率以及PSⅡ潜在活性也存在明显差异,其中锯齿卵圆形叶的最高.结果表明,胡杨叶片在发育过程中从形态、解剖和光合特性上均发生了变异.     

7种乔木对SO_2清除能力的定量评价

本文采用基于ArcView软件的CITYgreen模型,以东北林业大学哈尔滨实验林场为例,结合航片判读与实地调查,对哈尔滨市7种主要乔木树种对SO2的清除能力进行了定量评价。结果表明：糖械对SO2的清除能力最强。其次是白桦。最弱的落叶阔叶树种为水曲柳。针叶树种对SO2的清除能力普遍低于阔叶树种。随着树木的生长其清除能力有逐步增强的趋势,其清除量增加的强度在生长旺期最大,以后其强度逐渐渐弱。     

山茱萸栽培与管理技术

山茱萸别名枣皮、药枣,为山茱萸科落叶乔木或灌木,果皮和果肉均可入药,有补肝益肾、固精止血、治疗神经衰弱等多种药用价值.该树种对气候的适应性较强,对土壤要求不严,特别在海拔500～800米种植,具有成长快、产量稳定等特点,为山区发展经济的可选树种.