Relationship of Parental Indica-Japonica Indexes with Yield and Grain Quality Traits of Japonica Hybrid Rice in Northern China

Taking the main parents (10 male sterile lines and 10 restorer lines) and their 100 combinations of japonica hybrid rice in northern China as materials, the relationships of parental indica-japonica indexes determined by the methods of the Cheng's index as well as simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with yield and grain quality traits of hybrid rice were studied. For the parents, the Cheng's index (Chi) ranged from 13.5 to 19.3 and the indica index in SSR markers (ADi) were from 0.12 to 0.38. The classification of parents by Chi was not completely consistent with that by ADi. The Chi of male parent was more closely related to hybrid traits than that of female parent, as contrasted to ADi. At the same time, the difference between parents (PD) in Chi was more closely related to hybrid traits than that in ADi. The indica-japonica indexes of parents and their difference between parents appeared quadratic relationship to hybrid traits with the critical extremum. The directions of the correlation of indica-japonica indexes of parents and their differences with hybrid yield traits were on the opposition to those with hybrid grain quality traits. Therefore, the female parent should match the male parent moderately in indica-japonica index to obtain the optimum of hybrid traits, high yield as well as good quality.     

Construction of SSR Linkage Map and Analysis of QTLs for Rolled Leaf in Japonica Rice

Genetic analysis of rolled leaf is important to rice ideotype breeding. To detect loci controlling rolled leaf of japonica restorer lines, SSR marker genotypes and phenotypes of flag leaf rolling index (LRI) were investigated in Xiushui 79 (P1, a japonica rice variety), C Bao (P2, a japonica restorer line) and 254 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between P1 and P2 , and in two environments. A genetic map of this cross was constructed, QTLs for LRI were detected and their interactions with environments were analyzed. Among 818 pairs of SSR primers, 90 primers showed polymorphism between P1 and P2, and 12 markers showed highly significant correlation with LRI in both environments based on single marker regression analysis. The genetic map containing 74 information loci has a total distance of 744.6 cM, with an average of 10.1 cM between two adjacent loci. Three QTLs (qRL-1, qRL-7 and qRL-8-1) were detected with two softwares: WinQTLCart 2.5 and QTLNetwork2.0. qRL-8-1 was a new locus, accounting for 15.5% and 12.8% of phenotypic variations in the two environments, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by additive effect was 6.6%. No interaction was found between qRL-8-1 genotype and environments.     

优质粳稻通粳777特征特性及栽培技术要点

通粳777是通化市农业科学研究院选育的高产、抗病、米质优良的水稻新品种。生育期134 d,需≥10℃活动积温2 650℃左右,属中早熟优质米品种。适合在吉林省白城、松源、通化、四平和吉林东部等中熟、中早熟稻作区种植。     

早熟超级稻品种龙粳14选育技术与应用推广

龙粳14是黑龙江省农业科学院水稻研究所采用外源DNA导入技术育成的早熟超级稻品种,具有产量高、熟期早、米质优、抗稻瘟病性强等特点,是目前黑龙江省自育品种中唯一的年种植面积突破33.33万hm2的水稻品种,适宜在黑龙江省第三积温带和内蒙、吉林等地的部分地区种植。     

5％唑螨酯悬浮剂防治柑橘红蜘蛛田间药效试验

柑橘红蜘蛛（panonychus citri Mcgregor）,又名橘全爪螨,以口针刺破叶片、嫩枝及果实表皮,吸食汁液。被害叶片产生许多针头大的灰白色小斑点,失去光泽,严重时整片叶呈灰白色,甚至造成落叶,影响树势及产量。     

南方水稻籼改粳与“青森5号事件”——20世纪50年代发生的一起重大引种事故

建国初期,各级政府习惯用战争年代开展"群众运动"的做法指导农业生产,"青森5号事件"是一起典型的违反科学规律和自然规律、不尊重科学家意见,盲目引种造成水稻大面积减产事例。《人民日报》发表社论,针对北种南移、远程调运造成减产的问题,批评在种子工作中存在的盲目调种、急于求成、强迫命令现象。最后由政府承担了"盲目引种"造成损失的责任。"青森5号事件"催生了农作物品种区域试验制度,以及"自繁、自选、自留、自用,辅之以调剂"(通称为"四自一辅")种子工作方针。     

不同氮肥用量对甬优系列杂交水稻产量的影响

甬优系列杂交水稻品种以籼粳杂交稻和杂交粳稻为主,具有根系发达、株型高大、壮秆、穗大、粒多、耐肥、高产优质等特点,是我国水稻育种的一个重大突破。为了探索该系列品种的栽培特性,特设计不同氮肥用量对甬优8号、9号、12号、13号的产量影响试验,为品种的大面积推广提供科学依据。     

籼粳交恢复系产量相关性状的遗传方差与杂种优势分析

利用籼粳亚种间的杂种优势是水稻超高产育种的重要途径。选择遗传差异适当的亲本配组是选育籼粳亚种间强优势组合的重要基础,双亲适度的遗传差异可有效提高杂种的结实率和产量水平,改善杂种的一些不良性状如生育期和株高超亲、籽粒充实差等,并使杂种保持强大的产量优势。     

茶叶主要刺吸性害虫的科学防治

<正>据调查,目前为害永泰县茶叶的刺吸性害虫有假眼小绿叶蝉、茶叶螨类(茶橙瘿螨、茶叶瘿螨、茶短须螨、茶跗线螨、咖啡小爪螨)、茶黑刺粉虱、茶蚜等。由于刺吸性害虫发生隐蔽、虫体小、世代重叠、繁殖速度快,无论是成虫或若虫均能刺吸茶叶汁液,阻碍茶叶营养物质的正常输送,使受害茶叶光合效率降低,发芽密度下降,育芽能力差,萌芽迟,芽梢生长停止。黑刺粉虱和茶蚜还排泄蜜露,诱发煤烟病,致使小虫成了大灾,严重影响茶叶的产量和品质。     

橘园释放捕食螨防治柑橘红蜘蛛应用技术

<正>柑橘红蜘蛛又名柑橘全爪螨,是柑橘产区普遍发生的为害最严重的柑橘害虫之一,彻底防治柑橘全爪螨一直是生产上的一道难题。过去橘农常采用化学药剂进行防治,不但影