结球甘蓝离体叶片不定芽的再生研究

以结球甘蓝强力50组培苗叶片为外植体,研究不同激素配比、苗龄对其不定芽再生的影响。结果表明,在不含任何激素以及单独添加不同浓度的6-BA或NAA的MS培养基上,均不能诱导外植体不定芽的分化;结球甘蓝离体叶片不定芽在MS+6-BA 2 mg·L-1+NAA 0.80 mg·L-1分化培养基上再生频率最高,为79.86%,最适宜的苗龄为8 d;外植体在生根培养基1/2 MS+0.30 mg·L-1NAA中,不定芽的生根效果好,生根率达100.0%,且根系生长健壮。     

小尾寒羊不同乳腺发育时期7种激素分泌规律

【目的】激素调控了奶牛和奶山羊的乳腺生长发育和泌乳,但目前在绵羊中的研究还不够全面和系统。【方法】以小尾寒羊为研究对象,在空怀期、妊娠早期、妊娠中期、妊娠末期、泌乳早期和泌乳中后期6个乳腺发育时期,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血液中雌激素、孕酮、催乳素、生长激素、糖皮质激素,胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子I的浓度,分析激素对绵羊乳腺发育的调控作用。【结果】雌激素和孕酮浓度呈先上升后下降的总体趋势,它们在妊娠末期的浓度最高（分别为73.01 pg/mL和530.48 pmol/L）,在空怀期的浓度最低（分别为35.69 pg/mL和485.46pmol/L）;从空怀期开始,催乳素浓度持续升高,在泌乳早期达到最大值,其在泌乳早期的浓度分别比妊娠中期、泌乳中后期、妊娠早期和空怀期高12.47%、16.17%、46.15%和59.66%(P<0.05);妊娠末期的糖皮质激素浓度最大（495.28 pg/mL）,较妊娠早期和空怀期分别高14.36%和12.42%(P<0.05);胰岛素含量由大到小依次为妊娠早期（36.22 mIU/L）>妊娠末期（36.10 mIU/L）>泌乳早期（...     

内源激素对同源四倍体黑皮冬瓜自交花粉萌发生长的影响

【目的】探讨同源四倍体黑皮冬瓜Benincasa hispida(Thunb.)Cogn.花粉萌发生长与内源激素的关系,为同源四倍体黑皮冬瓜自交低稔性机理研究开拓新思路。【方法】以同源四倍体及其原二倍体黑皮冬瓜为试材,对自交花粉在雌蕊上的萌发与生长情况及花粉与雌蕊中内源激素含量进行比较研究。【结果】同源四倍体黑皮冬瓜自交花粉在柱头上的萌发率低,花粉管在花柱中生长缓慢,且花粉管在生长过程中易出现粗细不均匀、结节、先端膨大、双花粉管及扭曲、折叠等现象。同源四倍体黑皮冬瓜花粉和雌蕊中促进花粉萌发生长的内源激素玉米素核苷(ZR)和异戊烯基腺苷(IPA)含量极显著低于二倍体(P0.01),吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量略低于二倍体(P0.05),雌蕊中的赤霉素(GA_3)含量显著低于二倍体(P0.05),花粉中的GA3含量略低于二倍体(P0.05),而抑制生长类激素脱落酸(ABA)含量显著高于二倍体(P0.05),w(IAA+GA_3+ZR+IPA)∶w(ABA)极显著低于二倍体(P0.01)。【结论】同源四倍体黑皮冬瓜花粉和雌蕊中内源激素调控了花粉萌发生长,导致花粉管出现异常现象,是引起同源四倍体黑皮冬瓜自交低稔性的原因之一。     

Study on the Changes of Reproductive Hormone and Regulation of Follicle Development During the Reproductive Cycle of Yili Goose in Xinjiang

This experiment was aimed to study the changes of reproductive hormone and regulation of follicle development during the reproductive cycle of Yili goose in Xinjiang. 2 years old Yili goose were chosen which were in good health and similar weight. 32 samples were randomly selected to take blood samples for hormone detection during the laying, broodiness and ceased periods, and 15 samples were randomly selected to gather ovarian tissue for the observation of the development of ovary and follicular. The results showed that during the laying period, the GnRH of the Yili goose was extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 16.78% and 58.29% (P<0.01);PRL was significantly lower than the broodiness period of 13.00% (P<0.05), and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 28.94% (P<0.01); FSH was higher than the broodiness period of 6.98% (P>0.05),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 21.12% (P<0.01); LH was extremely significantly lower than the broodiness period of 8.38% (P<0.01),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 16.84% (P<0.01); E₂ were extremely significantly higher than that the broodiness and ceased periods of 29.80% and 112.40% (P<0.01); P₄ levels were extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 28.89% and 30.34% (P<0.01). The ovary volume and weight of Yili goose were extremely significantly higher than that of broodiness and ceased periods (P<0.01). In the laying period, the mature follicles of Yili goose were significantly larger than that of the broodiness and resting periods, the number of secondary follicles was more and the number of primary follicles was lesser. Ovarian growth and mature follicle atresia, granule layer shrinkage, inward depression, cytoplasmic cavity, follicular atrophy at all levels in the broodiness period. The follicle cytoplasmic cavity of the ovary was larger in the ceased period than broodiness period, and inward concave further deeper, a large number of primordial follicles evenly arranged. Thus, during the laying period, the responses of GnRH, E₂ and LH of Yili goose were active and played a leading role on the development of ovarian and follicular. PRL and LH maintained a high level of secretion, cooperated to maintain the broodiness behavior during the broodiness period.     

不同基因型燕麦内源激素与灌浆期生理特性之间的关系

为探究内源激素含量对燕麦灌浆过程的影响,分别于2020和2021年,以9个不同基因型的燕麦品种为试验材料,设置大田试验,测定灌浆粒重、灌浆期光合特性、旗叶碳代谢酶(蔗糖磷酸合成酶SPS、蔗糖合酶SS)活性、生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA₃)、玉米素核苷(ZR)、脱落酸(ABA)含量及成熟期粒重,通过方差分析和聚类分析,探究不同基因型燕麦灌浆期生理特性、内源激素差异。结果表明：不同品种间,内源激素含量及其他生理特性差异均达显著水平(P<0.05),按照灌浆粒重,将供试的9个品种分为灌浆较强和较弱两类,其中灌浆较强品种到达灌浆盛期的时间较早,灌浆启动时间也早于其他品种;灌浆粒重拟合程度较好,灌浆过程中的净光合速率、碳代谢酶活性较高,粒重优于其他品种;灌浆较强品种单穗粒重较灌浆较弱品种高11.8%～176.5%;灌浆较强品种旗叶IAA、GA₃、ZR含量较灌浆较弱品种高12.6%～118.2%、7.2%～98.0%、21.4%～72.2%,(GA₃+ZR+IAA)/ABA较灌浆较弱品种高39.3%～311.9%。在各内源激...     

苋菜试管开花初探

以苋菜试管苗为材料,研究多种因子对苋菜试管开花的影响.结果表明:(1)基本培养基MS和1/2MS对苋菜试管开花的影响不大.(2)单独添加NAA,可促进苋菜试管开花;苋菜试管开花对IBA含量的变化较敏感;6-BA含量为1.0 mg.L-1时的开花率最高,培养50 -60 d时可达58.7％.(3)不同单色光处理时,绿光与...     

番茄单性结实研究进展

对番茄单性结实资源、评价鉴定方法、子房内源激素水平、分子机制及新品种选育等的研究现状进行了综述,尤其对近几年分子水平的最新研究进行了评述,对今后这一领域的研究做了展望。     

不同浓度激素对胡萝卜愈伤组织诱导的影响

研究了不同浓度激素组合对胡萝卜愈伤组织诱导的影响.结果表明:低浓度使用单一激素时,胡萝卜愈伤组织诱导率随着激素浓度的升高而升高;当2,4-D浓度超过2.5 mg/L时,随着浓度的升高,对胡萝卜愈伤组织诱导影响不明显;当6-BA浓度超过0.5 mg/L时,胡萝卜愈伤组织诱导率随着浓度的升高而降低.当2,4-D与6-BA搭配使用时,愈伤组织诱导率明显上升,当2,4-D浓度为1.5～2.0 mg/L、6-BA浓度为0.5～0.8 mg/L时,愈伤组织生长极快,诱导率最高.     

沙梨新品种苏翠1号组培快繁体系研究

为了加快沙梨新品种苏翠1号的繁殖过程,本试验以该品种的嫩梢作为外植体,建立了离体快繁技术体系。研究结果表明:苏翠1号组培苗的适宜增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 1.5 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L,增值系数可达到5.6;在该培养基上继代2次后转入生根培养基(1/2MS+IBA 1.5 mg/L),诱导生根30 d后移栽,植株于温室生长半年后即可用于嫁接,可极大缩短育苗时间。     

植物内源激素对小麦叶片衰老的调控机理研究

对小麦灌浆期不同叶位叶片的５大类激素含量测定结果表明,正在衰老叶片的乙烯和脱落酸（ＡＢＡ）含量明显增加,前期和中期的功能期叶片细胞分裂素（玉米素和玉米素核苷,Ｚ＋ＺＲ）和赤霉素（ＧＡ３）含量较高,生长素（ＩＡＡ）在功能期和后期衰老的叶片中含量较高。因此可以将这４种激素分为２大类,即乙烯和ＡＢＡ诱发和促进叶片衰老,另一类的Ｚ＋ＺＲ和ＧＡ３则维持叶片功能,抑制衰老。但ＩＡＡ表现了具有前期保持叶片生长发育和后期促进衰老的双重作用,在不同叶片中,春６叶（旗叶）则比较复杂。旗叶与睛相比表现了特殊性,这可能与其特殊的功能有关。