南亚热带果园土壤二氧化碳释放变异性研究

Temporal variability in soil CO2 emission from an orchard was measured using a dynamic open-chamber system for measuring soil CO2 effiux in Heshan Guangdong Province, in the lower subtropical area of China. Intensive measurements were conducted for a period of 12 months. Soil CO2 emissions were also modeled by multiple regression analysis from daily air temperature, dry-bulb saturated vapor pressure, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, soil moisture, and soil temperature. Data was analyzed based on soil moisture levels and air temperature with annual data being grouped into either hot-humid season or relatively cool season based on the precipitation patterns. This was essential in order to acquire simplified exponential models for parameter estimation. Minimum and maximum daily mean soil CO2 effiux rates were observed in November and July, with respective rates of 1.98 ± 0.66 and 11.04 ± 0.96 μmol m^-2 s^-1 being recorded. Annual average soil CO2 emission （FCO2） was 5.92 μmol m^-2 s^-1. Including all the weather variables into the model helped to explain 73.9% of temporal variability in soil CO2 emission during the measurement period. Soil CO2 effiux increased with increasing soil temperature and soil moisture. Preliminary results showed that Q10, which is defined as the difference in respiration rates over a 10 ℃ interval, was partly explained by fine root biomass. Soil temperature and soil moisture were the dominant factors controlling soil CO2 effiux and were regarded as the driving variables for CO2 production in the soil. Including these two variables in regression models could provide a useful tool for predicting the variation of CO2 emission in the commercial forest Soils of South China .     

中草药与动物肠道微生态系的相互作用

随着微生态学的发展,微生态学理论开始被引入中草药药学的研究,人们逐渐认识到动物体内的微生态系对口服中草药药理作用的发挥有着重要作用,同时中草药又有助于维持动物微生态系的平衡,二者间不仅在理论上有共通性,而且在治疗动物疾病的过程中亦相互作用,相互影响。当前,人们对中药与微生态的相互作用的研究热点主要在中草药与肠道菌群的相互作用上。1疾病与肠道菌群状态的关系人们在研究疾病实质的过程中,发现许多疾病在发展过     

呼吁水产养殖学家重视生态系研究

据会议获悉：人工饲养的河蟹壳软肉发酥，似豆渣味，不好吃；养殖甲鱼清蒸时汤发黑，并有怪味，使人厌食。由此，笔者建议，专家们应重视动物的生态变化研究，寻找原因，改变这些缺陷。     

绿色杷夫藻用于罗氏沼虾人工生态系育苗

本文通过培养试验探讨了绿色杷夫藻(Pavlova virgdis)的生长特性，认为该藻具有指数生长期较长、藻群绝对密度较高且维持高峰时间较长等优良特性。该藻具有较广泛的生态适应性，能适应光强500～100001x、温度6～30℃、海水比重1．002～1．016，特别能在低盐度(比重为1．002)、低光照(400～5001x)条件下良好生长，生态上符合罗氏沼虾人工育苗的客观要求。在育苗水体中保持一定数量饵料性微藻并投饲其他生物饵料构成人工生态育苗体系进行工厂化育苗，以角毛藻(Chaetoceros sp．)、小球藻(Chlorella sp．)为对照，比较3种微藻培育罗氏沼虾溞状幼体的效果，发现绿色杷夫藻与角毛藻效果相当而明显好于小球藻。本文作者认为绿色杷夫藻是罗氏沼虾人工生态系育苗的理想用藻。     

祁连山（北坡）生物多样性分析

祁连山地理位置特殊，自然生态系统复杂，生物资源丰富，珍稀动植物种类繁多，动植物经济价值较高。区内有森林、草原、荒漠、寒漠、冻原、农田、水域、冰川等多种自然生态系统；１０４４种高等植物；２６７种野生动物；２１８种天敌昆虫；９８８种森林害虫。高等植物中有药用植物３００多种，属国家二级重点保护的植物２种；野生动物中属国家一级重点保护的动物１２种，属国家二级重点保护的动物３８种；是我国西北地区重要的生物基因库。     

望江县棉田生态系的变化及其主要影响因子

望江县位于安徽省南部,长江下游北岸.是产棉大县,常年植棉面积在2万hm2左右.本县棉田生态系主要以棉花为主体,由害虫、天敌、中性昆虫和一些无机体等构成.这一整体受多种因子的制约.是个动态的平衡.     

唐启升院士领衔的“东、黄海生态系动力学及生物资源可持续利用”项目研究团队荣获“973计划优秀团队”称号

中国水科院黄海所唐启升院士领衔的“东、黄海生态系动力学与生物资源可持续利用”项目,1998年开始培植,于1999年10月被国家科学技术部正式批准立项,该项目研究团队成员组成具有多部门、多学科的特点,团队成员由农业部、海洋局、中国科学院、教育部等部门的物理海洋学、化学海洋学、生物海洋学、渔业海洋学等专家组成。经过5年的努力,构建我国近海生态系动力学理论体系的基础框架,