Isolation and Identification of Cellulase-producing Bacillus in Yak Rumen

To investigate the species of cellulase-producing Bacillus in yak rumen,10 samples of rumen content were aseptically collected from 10 adult Maiwa yaks to isolate the heat-resistant Bacillus by water bath at 80 ℃ for 20 min.The cellulase-producing strains were screened using the CMC-Na medium and Congo red staining.The 16S rRNA gene sequence of those cellulose-producing strains were amplified and sequenced.The results showed that 64 strains were isolated from the 10 samples.Total 23 strains were identified as cellulase-producing bacillus,including 16 strains of Bacillus cereus,7 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis.Furthermore,phylogenetic analysis showed that the 16 Bacillus cereus strains were clustered into two branches:One isolate was clustered into a branch alone,the other 15 isolates were clustered into a branch which clustered into 5 small branches,showing that there was certain genetic diversity in the isolates of Bacillus cereus.And all 7 Bacillus thuringiensis strains were clustered into a branch.Hence,the results layed the foundation of investigating the species of cellulase-producing Bacillus in yak rumen and developing probiotics special for yak.     

Isolation and Identification of BPIV3 Genotype C

To identify the infection agents from Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, where feedlot cattle indicated bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), the M gene of the bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 was amplified by RT-PCR.The PCR product was ligated to pMD18-T vector and cloned to E.coli DH5α.The positive clones were sequenced and compared with the reference strains in GenBank by the molecular biology software.Sequence alignment results showed that a BPIV3 strain was isolated from the samples and named NX49, the M gene of NX49 included 1 056 nucleotides.Evolutionary analysis showed that the NX49 belonged to BPIV3 C genotype and shared 99.4% nucleotide identity with that of the SD0835 isolated in Shandong province.The characterization of the NX49 demonstrated that it was sensitive to temperature, acid and organic matter.The presence of Mg²⁺ showed no protection against the treatment at high temperature.The HA test suggested that the NX49 enables to agglutinate the guinea pig RBC at 4 ℃ and the titer was 1∶4.The study isolated a BPIV3 genotype C strain successfully, which facilitate the study of molecular evolution and epidemiology of BPIV3 in China.     

牛瘤胃积食的综合防治措施

牛瘤胃积食诱因分析,与牛瘤胃内积蓄多量粗饲料相关.一旦感染瘤胃积食,牛瘤胃体积膨大,严重威胁瘤胃机能,甚至伴有脱水症和毒血症.文章介绍此症典型症状,分析诱因,针对性提出了避免牛群过度饥饿进食、加强喂料管理、确保牛群适量的运动量、加强牛群放牧管理、加强牛群护理、积极诊治等综合性防治措施,为今后科学预防此病提供理论和技术指导.     

口服凝胶剂治疗犊牦牛腹泻的临床疗效观察和血清生化指标变化

目的:探究口服凝胶剂治疗犊牦牛腹泻的临床疗效观察和血清生化指标变化.方法:选择15-30日的腹泻犊耗牛30头,正常的犊耗牛30头,对患有腹泻的犊耗牛进行治疗,治疗周期为一个星期,对治疗的30头犊耗牛的血清收集,然后收集15头正常的犊耗牛的血清,将剩余的15头正常的犊耗牛每天喂治疗腹泻的药物,3天后收集其血清,将观察的血清水平和临床效果制成表格,便于统计和观察.结果:口服凝胶剂对犊耗牛腹泻治疗的效果比较显著,腹泻犊耗牛的血清明显高于正常的犊耗牛(P<0.05),60头犊耗牛之间的差异具有明显的统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:通过对腹泻犊耗牛口服凝胶剂的观察,可以看出口服凝胶剂对腹泻犊耗牛的治疗效果显著,而且不会对正常的犊耗牛产生不良的影响,腹泻犊耗牛与正常犊耗牛的血清生化存在一定的差别,口服凝胶剂治疗犊耗牛的腹泻值得推广使用.     

浅谈牛口蹄疫的诊断方法及综合性防治措施

牛口蹄疫属于一种传染性较强的疾病,具有危害大、传播范围广等特点,因此采用有效的治理措施来提高牛口蹄疫的免疫能力非常关键.本文简单阐述了牛口蹄疫的流行特点、诊断方法、治疗和预防措施,希望对口蹄疫的防治工作有积极的指导意义.     

牛病的流行特点及防治措施相关探讨

随着社会经济的快速发展以及现代化饲养技术的进步,这在很大程度上推动了国家畜牧业的发展,使得牛饲养产业也得到了较大的突破.但是在牛饲养产业的实际发展过程中,往往存在一些问题,尤其是牛病的肆虐,严重影响了畜牧业产业链的发展,不利于生物圈的生存.本文就对牛病的流行特点进行分析,并试探性地提出几点有效防治措施,以便相关人士借鉴和参考.     

青年架子牛短期舍饲育肥技术探讨

选择1~2.5岁左右的架子牛,进行一段强度肥育,又称后期集中肥育。根据肉牛的饲养标准和饲料的营养成分,以当地饲料资源为主,充分利用工农业加工副产品以降低饲养成本。制定合理的饲料配方,采用短期舍饲育肥方法,应采用限制运动"站牛"的饲养方式,根据牛的年龄体况,全期约需要100~200 d。育肥牛采用舍饲短绳拴系、定槽饲喂的方法,加强日常管理,搞好防疫灭病工作,适时出栏,达到预期育肥目的,获得最大化经济效益。     

牛人工授精的关键技术及常见误区纠错

本文从冷冻精液的解冻、精力活力的检查、母牛发情鉴定、输精等技术方面对牛人工授精技术进行了介绍,并就在人工授精技术中常见的误区进行了分析纠正。     

肉牛饲养中常见病的防治

牛是养殖业中的一项重要养殖对象,有着巨大的经济效益与社会效益.在养殖过程中我们要做好牛疾病的防治,以便能够及时发现、及时治疗,减少经济损失,提升经济效益.本文笔者就牛犊腹泻、牛结核、牛感冒、牛消化不良等疾病的防治入手进行论述,谈一下当前牛病特点及其防治策略.     

肉牛常见疾病的防治

牛是养殖业中的一项重要养殖对象,有着巨大的经济效益与社会效益。在养殖过程中我们要做好牛疾病的防治,以便能够及时发现、及时治疗,减少经济损失,提升经济效益。本文就牛犊腹泻、牛结核、牛感冒、牛消化不良等疾病的防治入手进行论述并提出了防治策略。