24月龄生长母水牛绝食代谢的研究

用传统开路式牛用呼吸面具对24月龄母水牛绝食产热(Fasting heat production,FHP)进行研究。结果表明:①24月龄母水牛FHP为306.013kJ/kgW0.75·d;每天排出内源尿氮(EUN)为39.66g;单位代谢体重每天排出EUN为0.48g;蛋白分解产热占总产热量为17.13%;EUN与FHP比值为1.60mg/kJ。②24月龄母水牛维持净能需要:NEm=397.817kJ/W0.75·d。     

Estimated Breeding Value in Iranian Buffaloes

This study was conducted from 1992-2002 on 65,534 individual milk records and fat percentage in 473 herds, in six provinces of Khuzestan, Mazndaran, W. Azerbaijan, E. Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Gilan. The data was analyzed by SAS sotfware using GLM procedure. The heritability and breeding value of 1,195 animals were calculated by DFRML procedure. The average milk yield per lactation, days of lactation, fat percentage and LSM of fat percentage were 1,513 kg, 202 days, 5.04 and 6.77, respectively. The estimated heritability of milk was 0.16. The LSM of average milk production in the provinces of Gilan, Mazandaran, E. Azerbaijan, W. Azerbaijan, Khuzestan and Ardabil were： 1,452, 1,586, 1,382, 1,183, 2,135 and 1,189 kg, respectively. These results indicated that Khuzestan province has the highest potential in the field of milk production. The top five highest breeding value bulls have been introduced to artificial insemination＇s station in the city of Uremia.     

Cloning of Buffalo BMP1 Gene and its Expression Pattern Investigation in Different Tissues

Buffalo BMP1 gene was cloned in the present study, the BMP1 sequence was systemically analysed by bioinformatics techniques, and the expression level of BMP1 gene in different tissues were also assayed with Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR).The results showed that with RT-PCR a 3 195 bp buffalo BMP1 gene was cloned and sequenced, including the whole ORF of 2 967 bp (coding 988 amino acid).The sequence multialigned results showed that buffalo BMP1 gene shared 99%, 96%, 96%, 96% and 95% of similar amino acid sequence with Bos taurus, Sus scrofa, Equus, Homa sapiens and Mus musclus, respectively.It was predicted that buffalo BMP1 protein contained a signal peptide domain, a preregion, a metalloproteinases domain, five complement-Uegf-BMP-1 domain (CUB domain) and two epitheloid growth factor-like domain (EGF-like domain).In addition, we also analyzed the expression level in different tissues through QRT-PCR, the results showed that BMP1 gene mRNA existed in all nine tissues with the most abundant expression in heart, followed by testis, ovary, genital ridge, while with lower amount of bone and other tissues, the minimal expression in liver was observed.     

水牛ASAH1基因克隆分析及其真核表达载体构建

为了阐明水牛ASAH1基因在水牛卵泡发生和胚胎发生过程中的作用及分子机制,采用RT-PCR及载体构建技术对ASAH1进行了研究。结果表明:水牛ASAH1基因的编码区全长993 bp,共编码330个氨基酸。多重序列比较分析显示水牛ASAH1核苷酸序列与牛、山羊、绵羊、猪、马、人和非洲象相应序列的相似性分别为99%、97%、96%、90%、90%、89%和87%,结合系统进化树分析结果,ASAH1基因在不同物种以及进化的过程中具有高度保守性。对ASAH1蛋白质的分析表明:该蛋白呈弱酸性,无信号肽,细胞亚定位于溶酶体,存在NAAA-beta和Ntn_AC_NAAA结构域。成功构建水牛ASAH1基因真核表达载体,转染293T和CHO细胞系后,均能够正确形成ASAH1-EGFP融合蛋白,产生绿色荧光信号。我们的结果为今后阐明ASAH1基因在水牛水牛卵泡发生和胚胎发生过程中的作用及分子机制奠定了理论基础。     

奶水牛养殖应把好“四关”

<正>云南省腾冲县围绕高原特色农业发展规划,制定了《腾冲县奶水牛产业园区建设规划》,自2013年在全县多个乡镇发展奶水牛产业,在扶持发展好规模养殖场的同时,积极动员发展家庭养殖。根据近两年来的发展情况,笔者认为从事奶水牛养殖应重点把握好以下几个关键环节:1.把好品种选择关目前奶水牛主要有两个品种,即原产于印度的摩拉水牛和原产于巴基斯坦的尼里拉菲水牛。腾冲当地饲养的奶水牛主要是用以上两个品种的冻精改     

水牛腹泻的主要病原菌分离及鉴定

通过对55头疑似细菌性腹泻症状的水牛进行粪便采样,然后进行革兰氏染色镜检,发现有大量的中等大小的革兰氏阴性短杆菌。用麦康凯选择培养基分离培养,发现该菌在培养皿内呈粉红色、边缘整齐、表面湿润光滑。大肠杆菌显色培养基鉴定结果呈现蓝绿色,证明为大肠杆菌阳性。再对分离菌进行生化管鉴定,结果与大肠杆菌的生化特性相一致。药敏试验发现环丙沙星和氧氟沙星对细菌的抑制作用最强,头孢呋辛次之,庆大霉素和链霉素无抑制作用。     

水牛种公牛饲养管理技术要点

在水牛养殖中,后代的繁殖十分重要,为了让后代能够遗传到优良的性状,种公牛具有不可替代的重要作用。因此,必须要注重水牛种公牛的饲养管理,把握各项环节中的技术要点,采取科学有效的饲养管理方法,以保证种公牛优良的性状。     

提高德宏州奶水牛养殖效益的关键措施

围绕如何提高德宏奶水牛养殖效益这一问题,本文从奶水牛的选择、养殖规模、投入、饲养管理等方面提出了具体要求和技术措施。     

牛冻精改良技术应用心得

笔者自1996年开始推广应用牛冻精改良技术,应用已达18年,累计实施牛冻改配种3468头,其中水牛1537头、黄牛1931头,均采用直肠把握输精方式输精;累计到固定配种站配种2362头、异地到户配种1106头,异地距离最远的达20余千米;配种受胎2552头,综合受胎率为73.6%。根据18年来的推广应用情况,到站配种与异地到户配种受胎率无明显差异,现将实际应用中遇到的疑点难点问题交流如下,供同仁参考。