2.5%高效氯氟氰脂微胶囊悬浮剂注射防治杨树蛀干害虫幼虫试验

进行2.5%高效氯氟氰脂微胶囊悬浮剂注干防治桑天牛等蛀干害虫幼虫的试验,结果表明:2.5%高效氯氟氰脂微胶囊悬浮剂能有效杀死桑天牛等杨树蛀干害虫的幼虫,防治效果可达67%～83%,以每1 cm胸径用药1.4 mL为宜。     

5%氟虫腈悬浮剂防治水稻主要害虫应用技术研究

5%氟虫腈悬浮剂是防治水稻二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟、稻蝗的理想药剂.用量7.5～9.4g.a.i/hm2,对稻蝗的防效可达96%以上;用量30～37.5g.a.i/hm2,对稻纵卷叶螟的防效可达94%以上;用量15～22.5g.a.i/hm2,对稻二化螟的防效可达96%以上,与锐劲特同等剂量的防效相当.用量45g.a.i/hm2对水稻安全.     

5%丁烯氟虫腈乳油防治水稻二化螟试验研究

针对水稻二化螟对目前生产上常用化学药剂产生严重抗性、化学防治药效低的问题,寻找出高效的取代药剂,2009年进行5%丁烯氟虫腈乳油防治二化螟试验,结果表明:5%丁烯氟虫腈乳油对水稻二化螟有较好的防效,可达90%以上,且以1龄幼虫高峰期至2龄幼虫高峰期用药较为理想,建议使用剂量为450-600mL/hm2.     

氟啶虫胺腈对榛实象甲成虫毒杀效果及中肠消化酶和保护酶活性的影响

采用含有氟啶虫胺腈药液的榛叶(Corylus spp.)对榛实象甲(Curculio nucum)成虫进行饲喂,测定了室内毒杀效果、虫体质量抑制率及中肠消化酶和保护酶活性。结果表明:不同体积分数氟啶虫胺腈能显著缩短榛实象甲成虫寿命(P0.05),表现出明显的浓度与时间效应。榛实象甲成虫体质量增加量随着时间的延长表现出明显的抑制效果。与清水对照相比,氟啶虫胺腈对榛实象甲成虫中肠蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性的影响差异显著(P0.05),初期表现积极的响应,随着时间的延长,酶活力受到明显抑制。而在中肠保护酶系酶中,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)初期积极的响应,随着时间的延长,酶活力受到明显抑制,而过氧化物酶(POD)初期积极的响应,随着时间的延长,酶活力受到短暂抑制后再次表现积极响应,3种酶与清水对照相比差异显著(P0.05)。以上结果表明,氟啶虫胺腈处理破坏了榛实象甲成虫中肠消化酶系酶和保护酶系酶的动态平衡,进而使榛实象甲取食量减少,从而抑制虫体质量增加量,最终引起昆虫死亡。     

Effects of Sodium Fluoride on the Morphological Structure of the Epididymis and the Expression of Tight Junction Genes

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fluoride on epididymal morphological structure and mRNA expression of tight junction genes.60 healthy male mice were divided into four groups randomly, including control group (distilled water) and 25,50,100 mg NaF/L groups, respectively. After 60 days, the thighbones were collected and fluoride contents were determined by fluorine ion selective electrode method. Paraffin slides of right epididymis with HE stain were produced to evaluate epididymal morphological structure under light microscope. The left epididymis were collected to isolate total RNA and detect the mRNA expression of tight junction genes by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the fluoride contents of thighbones increased in a dose-dependent manner, and were extremely significantly higher in 50 and 100 mg/L groups than those in control group (P<0.01).NaF extremely significantly increased the thickness of cauda epididymal pipe wall in fluoride groups (P<0.01) and the Claudin-2 mRNA expressions in fluoride groups were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01) and the ZO-1 mRNA expression in 100 mg/L group was significantly decreased (P<0.05) as compared with control group. In conclusion, excessive NaF ingestion adversely affected epididymal morphological structure and mRNA expressions of Claudin-2 and>ZO-1,which might contribute to the damage of blood-epididymal barrier.     

嗜水气单胞菌对氟喹诺酮类药物的敏感性及耐药相关基因分析

为明确嗜水气单胞菌临床分离株对常用氟喹诺酮类药物的敏感性和耐药菌株中gyrA和parC基因的突变情况。试验采用自动化细菌药敏分析仪测定4种常用氟喹诺酮类药物对23株鱼源嗜水气单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度,并依据耐药数目的不同选取9株嗜水气单胞菌,PCR扩增其gyrA及parC基因的喹诺酮抗性决定区(QRDR),直接测序后进行多序列比对分析。结果显示:嗜水气单胞菌对诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星和环丙沙星的耐药率依次为8.7%、30.4%、73.9%和43.5%;序列分析发现gyrA基因编码的第83位氨基酸存在Ser→Ile、Ser→Val的突变,parC基因编码的第87位氨基酸同样存在Ser→Ile的突变。表明临床分离的嗜水气单胞菌对恩诺沙星耐药最为严重,氧氟沙星、环丙沙星次之,对诺氟沙星较为敏感;尽管绝大多数耐药菌株的药物靶位基因QRDR区域有突变发生,但是菌株的耐药性与药物靶位基因QRDR区域有无发生突变并不存在线性关联,提示我们药物靶位的变化并非是氟喹诺酮类耐药菌株唯一的抗性机制。     

重庆地区土种玉米含氟量现状的研究

为了解重庆辖区玉米氟含量现状,为后续课题和制定重庆市粮食氟含量地方标准提供资料及借鉴。用氟离子选择电极法按照国家标准GB7484-87《水质氟化物的测定》对采回的玉米样本进行含氟量的测定,计算每个区县的玉米氟含量平均值并作曲线图;同时,以玉米氟污染与地域的关系、玉米氟污染与水氟污染的关系及玉米与稻谷、小麦之间氟污染差异性进行T检验和方差分析。结果表明,重庆辖区玉米的氟含量较低,除了很少几个区县超标外,大部分区县的玉米都没有超标。但位于西部的潼南县严重超标。玉米与稻谷及小麦之间氟污染差异不显著,与水含氟量差异显著,玉米氟污染与地域特点、工业及生活氟污染有密切关系。     

Evaluation on the Joint Action Between Chlorsulfuron and Haloxyfop—R by Bioassay

The joint action between chlorsulfuron and haloxyfop-R was evaluated by bioassay with wheat and corn,respectivly.The dose-response curve derived from wheat bioassay showed that the inhibition of haloxyfop-R to wheat root growth wasn‘s affected by the increasing rate of chlorsulfuron.It indicated that chlorsulfuron had no antagonism to haloxyfop-R.Meanwhile,the variation analysis of corn bioassay indicated that these two herbicides had joint action on inhibition to corn primary root growth.The joint action was evaluated as additive action by using Isobole Method.SO chlorsulfuron and haloxyfop-R could be used as tank mixture.     

直播稻田五氟·氰氟草等除草剂混用的除草效果

试验通过6%五氟·氰氟草悬浮剂单用、与56% 2甲4氯钠可溶性粉剂混用、不同剂量组合等多种处理,研究各处理对直播水稻田杂草的防治效果与安全性。结果表明,6%五氟·氰氟草悬浮剂不同剂量对杂草防效影响较小;而与56% 2甲4氯钠可溶性粉剂混用,提高了对杂草的防治效果,对阔叶杂草尤为明显。推荐药剂与667 m2剂量为在水稻4叶1心期后,6%五氟·氰氟草悬浮剂150～200 mL与56% 2甲4氯钠可溶性粉剂25 g混用。试验药剂对水稻生长安全。