药用植物牛至的组织培养技术研究

讨论了以牛至种子为外植体的组织培养繁殖技术。在增殖培养基的筛选过程中发现 ,以茎尖为外植体时 ,最适宜的增殖培养基为MS中加入BA 2 .0mg·L-1,IBA 0 .0 2mg·L-1,增殖倍数最高可达 5 .5 4 ;而茎段的增殖倍数较小为 2 .83。在生根培养基的筛选中发现 ,牛至在不含激素的 1/ 2MS、MS培养基上生根率可达 96 %～10 0 % ,但获得根较细 ,侧根少 ,移栽不易成活 ,加入激素后 ,生根数量增多 ,同时侧根数量明显增加 ,试验数据表明NAA ,IBA ,IAA 3种激素均可提高生根数量 ,浓度以 0 .5～ 1.0mg·L-1较好。     

芦蒿的组织培养研究

以芦蒿离体茎尖为材料，进行组织培养研究，结果如下：茎尖脱分化培养基为MS BA0．2—0．8mg／L NAA0．01—0．05mg,／L，增殖培养基为MS BA0．5—0．8 NAA0．02 0．05茎段快繁培养基及生根培养基为MS ABT0．01—0．07mg／L。     

Establishment of Plant Acceptor System for Hyperosmosis Transformation.

Calli and adventitious buds induced from different explants such as young stems and leaves of tomato variety Moneymaker,and mature embryos and young spikelets of rice variety TP309 were used to establish hyperosmotic transformation system at various osmotica treatments.The results revealed that the calli induced from tomato young leaves and rice young spikelets were the ideal transfomation acceptor.The cells fo calli were still vigorous when treated with 0.75 mol/L hyperosmotic solution for 4 hours.The differentiation rates of calli varied from 7.5% to 93.3% in different media.The bud differentiation was apparently inhibited by hyperosmotic treatments.0.75mol/L sucrose hypertonic solution and 0.2mol/L CaCl2 solution were favorable hyperosmoticum and hypoosmoticum respectively.     

甜瓜的组织培养及快繁试验

材料与培养条件：1．1材料。甜瓜的茎段、种子。1．2培养条件。种子发芽培养基：(1)l／2MS；茎段生长培养基：(2)MS 6-BA0．5mg／L IAA1mg／L；(3)MS 6-BA 2mg／L PP3333．0mg／L NAA0．05mg／L。所有培养基均附加0．75％琼脂和2％的蔗糖，pH5．8～6．0，培养温度为23～27C，光照12h／d，光照度2000Lx左右。     

柠条组织培养技术

试验以小叶锦鸡儿成熟种子为试材,1/2MS培养基建立起了无菌苗,并取其茎段离体培养获得丛生芽及完整植株.探讨了种子不同的灭菌时间及pH值、培养基和植物生长调节剂对柠条试管苗成活率及生长状况的影响,结果表明:种子以0.1%升汞8min灭菌效果最为理想;微酸性(pH6.5)条件下,有利于柠条的增殖;MS+IAA0.2mg.L-1+6-BA0.2mg.L-1组合增殖效果最佳;MS+IAA0.4mg.L-1+IBA0.2mg.L-1为最优生根培养基.     

Nutrient Deficiency Affects Root Architecture of Young Seedlings of Malus hupehensis （Pamp） Rehd. Under Conditions of Artificial Medium Cultivation

What the researchers go in for is to establish models between root architecture （RA） changes and nutrition, mold ideal root architecture of apple trees, improve the nutrient uptake efficiency, and further explore the functional mechanism of nutrient elements during the course of RA construction. The cultivation system of filter paper is utilized to research the effect of nutrient deficiency on the RA of Malus hupehensis （Pamp.） Rehd. There may be eight types of RA. In complete Hogland solution, the main type of RA is ＂lateral roots clustering in the upper and middle regions of primary root＂. With the lack of P, K or Ca, the main type of RA is ＂lateral roots clustering in the upper region primary root＂, and the ＂lateral roots clustering in the upper and middle regions of primary root＂ types of RA decrease. But with shortage of P, the type of lateral roots clustering in the upper and lower regions of primary root increases, and the type of lateral roots clustering in the middle region of primary root decreases, with the types of RA diversified. Under the condition of K deficiency, the type of no lateral root increases and types of lateral roots clustering in the middle region of primary root decrease, and the percentage of such types as ＂no lateral root＂, ＂lateral roots clustering in the upper region of primary root＂, and ＂lateral roots clustering in the upper and middle regions of primary root＂ accounts for 97.9% in all, with the types of RA simplified. With lack of Fe, Mg or Zn, the main type of RA is ＂lateral roots clustering in the upper and middle regions of primary root＂, but the type of lateral roots evenly-distributed on primary root increases. The main type of RA is ＂lateral roots evenlydistributed on primary root＂, under the condition of N deficiency, and the types of RA turn out to be diversified. There exists a close relation between nutrient deficiency and RA changes. Owing to various forms of nutrient deficiency, correspondingly different types of RA have been produced.     

电除尘器中供电方法的研究

对电除尘器中的恒定火花率供电以及最佳工作点探测供电进行剖析，从中找出几种烟尘条件下的控制方案，使之工作在最佳状态。     

果园化肥施用量与产量关系的模拟与分析

本文用北京某农场各队历年的施肥量与产量的财务记载资料,建立施肥量与产量的关系模型,确定化肥施用量对产量的影响,并编制拟合模型参数和数据分析的BASIC程序。通过分析研究,确定出果园施肥的最佳用量。     

马铃薯脱毒快繁抗菌污染的研究

分别加入10、20和50 mg/L的氨苄青霉素、硫酸链霉素、克林霉素及利用3种抗生素(20 mg/L)分别和病毒唑(10 mg/L)的配合使用,研究抗生素及抗生素浓度在马铃薯茎尖剥离及快繁过程中的综合影响。实验结果表明在茎尖剥离阶段,50 mg/L的链霉素对细菌的抗性最好;抗生素的不同浓度对霉菌抗性的效果不同,抗生素种类和浓度的互作对霉菌具有抗性效应,以使用10mg/L的链霉素对霉菌的抗性最好,链霉素 病毒唑组合在茎尖剥离时期对霉菌和细菌的抗性最好;在快繁阶段,以使用20 mg/L克林霉素对霉菌和细菌的抗性最好,但抗生素及抗生素 病毒唑的配比措施对组培苗的生根数、黄化率、生根率均有负效应,所以在马铃薯组培快繁阶段的污染控制主要靠控制环境和操作规程来达到。     

山东省平菇生产现状、问题及发展策略

平菇在生物学分类中属伞菌目、口蘑科、侧耳属.目前世界上栽培的平菇种类很多,主要有糙皮侧耳、美味侧耳、白黄侧耳、佛罗里达侧耳等;按子实体色泽可分为浅色种(又称白色种)、灰色种和深色种(又称黑色种)3大类型;按出菇温度可分为低温种、中低温种、中广温种和广温种.