长江中下游第四纪沉积物发育土壤的研究─—电荷特性及其分类意义

对长江中下游地区第四纪沉积物发育土壤的电荷特性作了初步研究，结果表明：①土壤有效阳离子交换量（ＥＣＥＣ）值，粘盘壤＞粘盘黄棕壤＞棕红壤＞红壤；阴离子交换量ＡＥＣ，可变电荷量ＣＥＣｖ／ＣＥＣ＿３．２，电荷零点ｐＨ＿０，粘盘壤＞粘盘黄棕壤＞棕红壤＞红壤。②土壤的电荷特性与土壤的粘粒矿物组成和氧化物数量有关，它可以很好地显示土壤的发育程度，③土壤的电荷特性可用于土壤分类，作者对此提出了相应的指标值。     

一种励磁电流恒流电源的研制及应用

研制了一种励磁电流恒流电源,对恒流电源的电流输出稳定性进行了测试,并以恒流电源在霍尔元件测磁场实验中的应用为例,进行了普通稳压电源和恒流电源2种电源的实验数据对比测试。测试结果表明,电流输出稳定度可达到0·1%,恒流电源所测数据的线性化程度高于普通稳压电源所测数据。     

一种新的免疫细胞化学染色方法──SIT法

一种新的免疫细胞化学染色方法──ＳＩＴ法王家鑫（张家口农业高等专科学校组织学胚胎学教研室，张家口０７５１３１）杜顺丰（北京农业大学动物医学院组织学胚胎学教研室，北京１０００９４）关键词抗生蛋白链菌素；恒冷箱切片；免疫细胞化学ＡＮｅｗＴｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ...     

渍水土壤还原过程对土壤结构的影响研究综述

综述了渍水土壤还原过程中微生物化谢、化学变化、土壤结构和土壤胶体的稳定性的相关研究。在还原过程中，随着好氧细菌、兼性厌氧细菌、硫酸还原菌和甲烷菌的活动，相继形成氨、硝酸根离子、亚铁离子、硫化物、气体物质及有机酸。在渍水初期，水溶性阳离子浓度的增加导致土壤悬浊液凝集。在渍水后期，亚铁沉淀的形成致使二价水溶性阳离子浓度降低，使得土壤胶粒悬浊液分散。在还原条件下，土壤胶体稳定性的变化过程是一个动电机理。     

铅酸蓄电池充电电路设计研究

采用恒流充电和恒压充电自动转换,吸取恒流充电和恒压充电的优点,进行了蓄电池充电电路的设计。通过实验证明,该充电电路具有较高的实用性。     

草原能源工程学刍议

作者概述了目前草原上能源的使用情况,列举了适合草原特点的能源种类及几种能源资源的分布,对几种主要能源的应用前景及目前在应用中存在的问题作了探讨。     

Adsorption Kinetics of Pb^2＋ and Cu^2＋ on Variable Charge Soils and Minerals：I.Technique

A new technique for studying the adsorption kinetics of heavy metals,Pb^2 and Cu^2 ,on variable charge surfaces was established with two selective electrodes and microcomputer control system.Feasibility of the technique,including interference of other ions (mainly Fe^3 and Al^3 ),response time of electrodes,and the pH range of testing,was studied.Comparision with the most widely used miscible displacement technique,which was considered insufficient in studying 30-minute rapid reactions,at present time showed that the new technique was more advantageous in testing in situ,easy to operate,and economic.     

硫酸盐和氟化物的吸附与氧化土一些表面化学性质的关系

Adsorption of sulfate by Oxisols and the consequent release of hydroxyl both decreased markedly after removal of iron oxides suggesting that iron oxides were the chief carrier of hydroxyl groups capable of ligand exchange with sulfate in Oxisols. Compared with sulfate, adsorption of fluoride and consequent release of hydroxyl were lower and were less affected by removal of iron oxides.     

Study on Water-Soluble Organic Reducing Substances: II. Organic Reducing Substances Produced from Anaerobic Decomposition of Milk Vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)

The characteristics of electric charge and molecular weight distribution,oxidation-reduction regimes,e.g.Eh and amounts of organic reducing substances produced by milk vetch during anaerobic decomposition process,were studied by using electrochemical methods.Interaction between soils and organic reducing substances was also observed.The results indicate that the organic reducing substances were mainly the organic compounds with negative and amphoteric charges,which were distributed in two groups at anodic peak potentials of 0.25 and 0.69 volt in differential pulse voltammograms,respectively.Their apparent molecular weights are all less than 700 daltons,in which those active in oxidation-reducion reaction were distributed in the fraction with apparent molecular weight less than 200 daltons.The organic reduction substances can be oxidized by manganese oxides in their interaction with soils.