内蒙古荒漠草原优势牧草营养价值评价

通过测定内蒙古荒漠草原26种优势牧草的常规养分含量、纤维组成、两极离体消化率,分析了不同牧草对放牧内蒙古白绒山羊的营养价值,同时应用随意采食量、静能估测模型计算了荒漠草原优势牧草的分级指数（GI值）,对牧草进行了综合评价。结果表明：（1）用营养成分和消化率指标评定,紫花苜蓿和五星蒿的营养价值最高,其次为中间锦鸡儿、圆头藜,最次为驼绒藜;（2）紫花苜蓿、五星蒿、中间锦鸡儿、圆头藜、碱蓬、全叶马兰、蒺藜草、沙打旺、阿尔泰狗娃花9种牧草GI值较高,牛枝子、甘草、猪毛蒿、松叶猪毛菜、软毛虫实、小针茅居中,灰绿藜、冷蒿、中亚狼尾草、针茅、无芒隐子草、西藏锦鸡儿、驼绒藜、黑沙蒿、刺叶柄棘豆、芨芨草、差巴嘎蒿11种牧草的GI值较低。     

活性氧(ROS)对小鼠早期胚胎胚细胞分裂的影响

在体外CZB培养的不同时期添加过氧化氢(2.1μmol/L),发育至囊胚阶段,制作胚胎标本,观察其囊胚发育率、胚细胞数和分裂相数。结果显示:0~12 h组和0~72 h组的胚胎发育率显著低于其他几组(P<0.05),对照组、12~24 h组、24~36 h组、36~48 h组之间均差异不显著(P>0.05);各组之间的胚细胞数和分裂指数均无显著差异。说明胚胎在体外培养时,2细胞期胚胎对外源性H2O2最敏感,也最容易发生发育阻滞。但是经H2O2处理之后,度过2细胞期发育阻滞的胚胎能在以后的发育中发生补偿性生长,其胚细胞数和分裂指数都和体外正常发育的胚胎没有差异。     

Evaluation of Thermal Environment of Cowshed and Correlation Analysis Between Thermal Parameter and Physiological Parameter of Dairy Cows in Central Plain of Hebei

The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermal environment of cowshed in four seasons in central plain of Hebei,and analyze the correlation between the temperature parameters and physiological indexes of dairy cows.Three dairy cow houses with different building structures were selected,the thermal parameters (ambient temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH)) and physiological parameters (respiratory rate,rectal temperature and body surface temperature) were detected.The results showed that the Ta,RH and index of temperature and humidity (THI) changed significantly in four seasons (P<0.05),the average daily temperature in summer was the highest (28.59 ℃),and the average daily temperature in winter was the lowest (1.55 ℃).In summer,dairy cows were suffering from mild heat stress for 15.5 h every day,and from moderate heat stress for 6.0 h.In winter,dairy cows were under mild cold stress for an average of 12.0 h per day.The Ta and THI of three cowsheds in each season had no significant differece (P>0.05),except for that in winter.Compared with the cowshed with low wall or roller blind,the average Ta in the cowshed with only roof was 0.80-1.27 ℃ higher in summer and 1.36-1.84 ℃ lower in winter.In addition,the physiological parameters of dairy cows were extremely significantly higher in summer than those in other seasons (P<0.01).The respiration frequency or rectal temperature of cows among cowsheds in summer were significantly different (P<0.05),and the seasonal difference in body surface temperature was significant (P<0.05).Correlation analysis of thermal parameters and cow physiological parameters showed that the respiratory frequency,rectal temperature and body surface temperature were positively correlated with THI and Ta (P<0.05).However,there was no significant correlation between physiological parameters and RH (P>0.05).The results provided scientific basis for environment evaluation of cows,and physiological status of dairy cows were inferred according to environmental thermal parameters,which provided data for occurrence and early warning of stress.     

反刍家畜粗饲料品质评定的指标及其应用比较

本文结合笔者的研究结果就评定粗饲料品质的单项指标粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、消化率与动物的粗饲料干物质随意采食量以及综合指标粗饲料相对值(RFV)、粗饲料分级指数(GI)在粗饲料品质评定上的应用进行了比较,指出:上述各单项指标并不能客观地反映粗饲料的品质,应使用综合指标。由于GI考虑了粗饲料中的能氮互作,对粗饲料的分级比RFV更精确。     

阿特拉津影响大鼠生殖功能的初步研究

选用SD大鼠80只,体重(200±10)g,分别按照除草剂阿特拉津LD50值的1/2、1/4、1/20、0倍设置对照组和高、中、低3个处理组,每组20只,雌雄各半。阿特拉津配成乳浊液灌胃,于喂药15d和30d采样,测定大鼠血清中生殖激素(睾酮、雌二醇、卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素)含量,以及生殖器指数。结果表明:阿特拉津能够降低实验组血清促性腺激素和睾酮的含量,提高雌二醇含量,使雄性大鼠睾丸指数下降,雌性大鼠卵巢指数升高,从而影响大鼠生殖功能。     

霉玉米中毒对小白鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

50只小白鼠随机分成5组,每组10只,用于测定腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。试验前处死1组,其结果作为对照;其他4组作为霉玉米中毒试验组,分别于饲喂霉玉米后第7、14、21、28天处死小鼠,测定腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。结果,霉玉米中毒试验组的小白鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能明显降低,表明霉玉米中毒可使腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能下降。     

病害的克星、庄稼的救星--植保新星"移栽灵"

移栽灵湖北移栽灵农业科技股份有限公司生产的一种植物抗逆化学诱导剂.它能很好地增强根系活力,提高植物抵抗不良环境的能力,并预防治疗多种苗期和大田病害.表现出卓越的促根壮苗、抗褐防衰、杀菌和提高产量的效果.移栽灵推广应用技术被科技部列为《国家级科技成果重点推广计划》项目,移栽灵产品被农业部全国农技推广服务中心指定为全国重点推广新产品,被中央五部委定为国家重点新产品.     

贡柑早结丰产栽培关键技术

贡柑又名皇帝柑，原产广东。贡柑是橙与桔的自然杂交种，它集橙的外形美观、色泽金黄、风味浓郁与桔的肉质细嫩鲜滑、表皮易剥、爽口无渣、甜度适中的双重优点于一身，口感极佳。据广西柑桔研究所2006年12月分析，单果重102g，果实纵径5．44cm，横径5．85cm，果形指数0．93，果皮橙黄色，皮厚0．31cm，     

喷施烯效唑对黄瓜产量的影响

烯效唑(S3307)是一种新型植物生长延缓剂,试验证明,S3307能显著提高叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的含量及光合速率,增加果实产量[1],可促进生根,增加根体积,提高可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖的含量[2],烯效唑浸种表现明显的壮苗效果,并能较大幅度提高产量[3～6].本试验旨在研究初花期喷施烯效唑对黄瓜产量及其构成的影响,现报道如下.     

白头翁对草鱼免疫功能指标的影响

试验研究了白头翁乙醇提取物对草鱼几项免疫指标的影响。在基础日粮中添加相当于白头翁生药含量0．5％和1％的乙醇提取物的饵料饲喂草鱼。30d后心脏采血测定草鱼血液中红细胞、白细胞和淋巴细胞的数目，解剖后称肾脏、头肾和脾脏的质量并计算各自的体指数。试验结果显示，在草鱼饲料中添加白头翁乙醇提取液明显提高草鱼血液中白细胞和淋巴细胞的数目，对红细胞数目的增加不明显。肾脏指数和脾脏指数随着剂量的增加有下降的趋势，但差异不显著；头肾指数则随着剂量的增加呈极显著增加后又极显著降低的变化规律。