茶叶提取物对抗肺癌细胞(A549)体外试验研究

观察表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、茶黄素-3、3'-双没食子酸酯(TFDG)、茶黄素(TF)、茶黄素复合物(TFs)、葡萄籽提取物(GrapeSeedExtract,GSE)、松树皮提取物(PineBarkExtract,PBE)、咖啡因(Caf)、槲寄生(VCE)和茶氨酸(The)的体外抗癌活性,通过人肺癌细胞(A549)进行体外试验,结果表明除咖啡因、槲寄生、茶氨酸的作用较小以外其他几种均有很强的促进人肺癌细胞(A549)凋亡的作用,并且EGCG的作用最强,顺序为EGCG、TFs>GSE>PBE、TFDG>TF。用作图法求得EGCG、GSE、PBE、TFDG和TF的IC50值分别为1.01μM、21.91μM、31.01μM、32.87μM和279.67μM。     

氯化亚铜催化的月桂烯氢氯化反应的研究（Ⅱ）──主要产物的异构化及分布

研究氯化亚铜催化的月桂烯氢氯化反应及其产物分布规律，主要考察了反应温度和反应时间及氢氯化粗产物存放条件对主要产物分布的影响．结果表明：（１）在氯化亚铜催化剂和氯化氢存在下，里哪基氯可异构成橙花基氯和香叶基氯，升高温度或延长反应时间有利于异构化反应的进行；（２）氯化亚铜催化月桂烯共轭双键的氢氯化反应产物中，１，２－加成产物与１，４－加成产物的相对含量与反应温度和反应时间密切相关．低温和短时间时，氢氯化产物中主要是里哪基氯；升高温度或延长反应时间有利于香叶基氯和橙花基氯的生成；（３）３种烯丙基型氯化物在一定条件下均可异构化为α－松油基氯，氢氯化粗产物中微量氯化氢的存在，可加速该异构化反应，使α－松油基氯成为主要产物．     

林木次生代谢产物提取方法的研究进展

次生代谢产物在林木抗虫机理和新农药研制中具有重要的意义.文章针对次生代谢产物的提取方法,综述了林木中次生代谢产物提取与纯化工艺及新技术的应用进展,分析了它们的原理及优缺点并探讨了发展趋势.     

不同光强对烤烟质体色素及其降解产物的影响

为探讨光照强度对烤烟品质的影响,采用田间试验方法,以自然光照(透光率100％)为对照(CK),研究了不同遮阴处理(透光率分别为55％,70％,85％)对烤烟质体色素及其降解产物的影响.结果表明,100％自然光强(CK)下各部位烤后烟叶中叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量均最低;随着光照强度的降低,中、上部烤后烟叶叶绿素含量呈先增加后降低的趋势,下部叶逐渐增加;各部位类胡萝卜素含量呈先增加后降低趋势.CK类胡萝卜素降解产物总量及新植二烯含量均高于遮荫处理,遮荫处理上、中、下部位的新植二烯含量平均值较CK分别降低13.59％,19.99％,5.66％,类胡萝卜素降解产物总量平均值较CK分别降低6.70％,8.08％,2.83％.由此可见,遮荫处理增加烟株各部位烤后烟叶中叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量,降低新植二烯含量及类胡萝卜素降解产物总量.     

东海水产养殖区七种海鞘优势种相关活性物质研究进展与利用前景

海鞘是主要海洋污损生物之一,对海洋生物多样性、海水养殖和生态环境都有不利影响。本文简述了中国东海几个主要水产养殖区7种海鞘优势种生物量、相关的次生代谢产物及其生物活性的研究进展,并对其利用前景进行了展望,为进一步研究开发提供依据。     

鱼类亚硝酸盐中毒的预防和治疗

亚硝酸盐是氨转化为硝酸盐过程中的中间产物,由池底缺氧造成。在底泥较厚和有机物较多的池塘、水库或湖泊,当水温超过20％以上时,     

几种化学物质对水中百菌清光解的影响

[目的]研究水体常见化学物质对百菌清光解的影响。[方法]以高压汞灯为光源,设计试验,研究色素、H2O2、硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐对水中百菌清光解的影响。[结果]结果表明,核黄素、H2O2、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐能加快百菌清的光解,表现出强烈的光敏效应;核黄素、H2O2、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的浓度对百菌清的光解速率有影响,在低浓度下,光解率及光敏效率随着化学物质浓度的增大而增大,浓度超过一定限度后,光解率及光敏效率逐渐降低;亚甲基兰和孔雀石绿使百菌清的光解减慢,表现出光猝灭效应,光猝灭效率分别为61.6%和13.5%。[结论]核黄素、H2O2、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐能加快百菌清的光解,但亚甲基兰和孔雀石绿使百菌清的光解减慢。     

Isolation,Identification, and Herbicidal Activity of Metabolites Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa CB-4

CB-4, a bacterial strain with highly effective herbicidal activity, was isolated from infected corn leaves. Through morphology, physiological and biochemical tests, and 16 S ribosomal DNA gene sequencing methods, CB-4 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We conducted activity-evaluation experiments in the laboratory to assess the herbicidal potential of metabolites produced by strain CB-4. Crude extracts of strain CB-4 have high inhibition activity on Digitaria sanguinalis. In general, the root and shoot growth parameters of D. sanguinalis were significantly reduced by metabolites of strain CB-4. The IC50 of the culture filtrate extracts for the radicula and coleoptile of D. sanguinalis were 0.299 and 0.210 mg mL-1, respectively. Component 2 of the herbicidal activity of the crude toxin from strain CB-4 was successfully purified for the first time by using high-speed counter current chromatography with a two-phase solvent system composed of petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol-water（4：5：4：5, v/v） and high-performance liquid chromatography. We concluded that the metabolites of strain CB-4 have the potential to be developed as a microbe-based herbicide.     

分子印迹技术及其在天然产物固相萃取中的应用

文中综述了分子印迹技术(MIT)的原理,分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)的制备方法,以及在天然产物固相萃取中的研究现状。     

QTL Mapping of Isoflavone,Oil and Protein Contents in Soybean （Glycine max L. Merr.）

Soybean （Glycine max L. Merr.） is the world＇s foremost source of edible plant oil and proteins, meantime, the biologically active secondary metabolites such as saponins and isoflavones are benefit to human health. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci （QTL） and epistatic interactions associated with isoflavone, protein, and oil contents in soybean seeds. An F13 recombinant inbred line （RIL） comprising 474 lines was derived from a cross between Jindou 23 and Huibuzhi cultivars. SSR technique was employed for mapping of the QTLs. The QTLs for isoflavone, protein, and oil contents were analyzed and 23 QTLs were detected based on the constructed linkage map. Six QTLs for isoflavone content were localized in linkage groups J, N, D2, and G, eleven QTLs for oil content were localized in the linkage groups A1, A2, B2, C2, and D2, and six QTLs for protein content were localized in linkage groups B2, C2, G, and H1. The correlative analysis demonstrated that the isoflavone content had significant correlation with protein content, while significantly negative correlations was existed between oil and protein content, and significantly positive correlations was existed between protein and oil content. All these findings have laid an important basis for the marker assisted breeding in soybean. The phenotypic correlations of quantitative traits may be resulted from the correlation of the QTL controlling those traits.