丛生竹带干留节灌水扦插育苗和造林技术研究

利用丛生竹地上部分的竹干和枝条,通过人工整理和药物处理,带干留节灌水扦插育苗的成活率和造林成活率可达90%以上。经过3年的试验,摸索了一套选择竹种、竹枝、节位、竹筒灌水扦插育苗和管理以及生根剂、遮荫网使用等丛生竹育苗技术。     

四川竹业发展与丛生竹引种

竹林资源属于生态经济型产业资源,丛生竹栽培利用是四川省竹林经营的特色与活力。借助国家"退耕还林工程"建设,引种推广的撑绿竹、麻竹,已深刻地影响到四川竹业资源基础,促成了竹材制浆造纸、笋竹、竹文化旅游的优势产业地位,相关的研究与推广实践推动了行业科技进步。     

Vertical patterns of the flora of seed plants in Dawei Mountain in Yunnan Province, Southwest China

Vertical gradients incorporate multiple resources gradients which vary continuously. Therefore, research on mountain flo-ristic patterns along vertical gradients is important to reveal regular patterns of the flora along environmental gradients and to under-stand the changes in biodiversity along these gradients and their biological fitness. This study was designed to explore the character-istics of the floral compositions and ecological significance of floristic patterns along the vertical gradients of the National Nature Reserve of Dawei Mountain, located in the southeast of Yunnan Province. We analyzed the structural characteristics of the flora and the distribution patterns of its floristic components as a function of elevation on the basis of our field investigations along vertical vegetation transects. We carried out a systematic cluster analysis in order to determine the dividing line of floristic changes by eleva-tion along gradients and studied the effects of mountain climate on the vertical variation of floristic composition. The study shows: 1) that the obvious boundary, which differentiates tropical distribution, is located at an elevation of approximately 1,500 m, which separates the tropical rain forests from the evergreen broad-leaved forests; 2) that humid rain forests are found below 700 m elevation, mountain rain forests between 700 and 1,500 m, monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forests between 1,300 and 1,800 m and mountain mossy evergreen broad-leaved forests above 1,800 m. Non-representative mountain mossy dwarf forests (above 2,100 m) in the area are found on the windward sides and barren lands on mountain slopes; 3) that Hopea mollissima is one of the major component species of mountain rain forests, but it should not be considered as the major indicator species in humid rain forests as is generally accepted.     

盆栽观赏竹培育技术研究

结合实施浙江省“九五”课题“丛生竹笋与观测竹开发研究”,从浙南丰富的竹类资源和发达的社会经济之实际出发,对我国盆栽观赏竹种的筛选、母株选择处理、挖掘、生长管理、成景管理以及盆土和竹盆选择等系列环节做了配套研究,为开发浙南丛生观赏竹资料提供技术措施和母竹种质。     

蓝莓丛生芽的诱导及植株再生

利用蓝莓的茎段作为外植体,在添加各种激素的培养基上培养,研究蓝莓茎段离体繁殖影响因素,筛选出蓝莓离体最佳增殖和生根培养基及培养条件.结果表明:在MS 2mg/L ZT 0.2mg/L NAA的增殖培养基上,经过两次继代培养后蓝莓的增殖系数可达到30～50倍左右,在1/2 WPM 0.5 mg/L IBA的生根培养基上单株试管苗平均可产生7.5条根系,生根率可达到95%以上,通过炼苗和移栽试管苗的成活率可达95%左右,从而建立了蓝莓工厂化育苗技术体系,为蓝莓产业的发展提供了充足的优良种苗.     

贵州地方稻种香禾糯组织培养再生体系建立

本研究以贵州地方香禾糯从江黑禾和来拢为材料,研究了不同激素组合对丛生芽诱导和再生芽生根的影响。结果表明,在本研究条件下,MS培养基添加2.0mg/L 2,4-D和0.5mg/L 6-BA是从江黑禾最佳芽诱导培养基,在MS培养基添加4.0mg/L TDZ及0.5 mg/L IBA的培养基中培养10d后,转至添加4.0mg/L6-BA以及0.5mg/L NAA培养基继续培养,为从江黑禾茎尖诱导丛生芽最佳条件;以N6培养基添加1.0mg/L 2,4-D和0.1mg/L 6-BA是来拢最适芽诱导培养基,以MS培养基添加0.2mg/L NAA和2.0mg/L6-BA为来拢茎尖丛生芽诱导培养基。通过本研究建立的组织培养诱导再生技术,从江黑禾及来拢均获得移栽成活并能正常开花结籽的再生植株。     

川南退耕丛生竹林枯落物持水特性研究

以四川省长宁县退耕梁山慈竹、撑绿杂交竹3号(以下简称撑绿竹)和硬头黄竹3种丛生竹林为对象,对其枯落物蓄积量及持水特性进行了研究。结果表明:不同种类丛生竹枯落物厚度为33～51 mm,蓄积量为6.88～9.46 t/hm²,其大小顺序为:梁山慈竹>硬头黄竹>撑绿竹;浸泡持水实验表明,不同枯落物持水量、吸水速率与浸水时间的动态变化具有相似的规律性:0～2 h变化最快,2～8 h逐渐减缓,8 h以后基本饱和,并分别得出其相关关系;不同枯落物最大持水量、最大拦蓄量和有效拦蓄量变化规律一致,最高为梁山慈竹,分别达到了36.52,32.53,27.05 t/hm²,其次为硬头黄竹,分别为30.33,28.33,23.83 t/hm²,最低的为撑绿竹,仅为28.35,25.89,21.63 t/hm²。     

激素配比对不同基因型菊花再生体系的调控

以“大金菊”、“桃花仙子”、“紫菊”、“黄半球”4个菊花品种为试材,取花瓣作为外植体,研究了不同激素配比对4种基因型菊花丛生芽及根诱导的影响,进而筛选出适宜不同基因型菊花生长的最优培养基.结果表明:最佳灭菌方法为4％ NaClO灭菌45 s;最佳芽诱导培养基“桃花仙子”为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L,“紫菊”为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+ NAA0.1 mg/L,“大金菊”和“黄半球”均为MS+6-BA 1.5 mg/L;“大金菊”最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+ NAA 0.05 mg/L+AC 0.4 g/L,其余3个品种均为NAA0.10 mg/L+ AC 0.4 g/L.     

高羊茅高频植株再生体系的建立及其影响因子的分析

研究了高羊茅(Festuca anmdinacea)愈伤组织诱导培养基和分化培养基组分的最适配比，建立了高羊茅高频再生体系。结果表明，培养基MSM 5mg／L 2,4-D 0．02mg／L KT诱导高羊茅种子出愈率高达92％；愈伤组织可在培养基MSM 4．5mg／L 2,4-D 0．2mg／L KT上长期保持；愈伤组织在培养基MSM 2mg／L 2,4-D 0．2mg／L KT诱导体细胞胚发生后，可在添加2mg／L KT和20mg／L蔗糖的SH培养基(MSH)上诱导分化形成丛生芽，愈伤组织分化率可达96％。再生芽在1／2MS培养基上14d生根率达100％。     

毛叶茶组织培养的初步研究

<正> 毛叶茶(Camella ptilophylla Chang)是茶树的近缘种,富含一般茶均特有的物质,但其嘌呤类生物碱以可可豆碱为主而不含咖啡碱,是一种很有开发为商品茶价值的野生茶树。关于山茶科植物的组织培养,已有不少报道,但毛叶茶的组织培养国内外尚未见报道。本文对毛叶茶的离体繁殖作初步的报道。