灰岩金线莲种子萌发与组培快繁技术研究

【目的】利用灰岩金线莲种子无菌播种进行组培苗生产,为其工厂化组培育苗提供参考。【方法】采用灰岩金线莲种子为外植体,以MS或1/2MS为基本培养基,探讨不同激素组合对外植体进行无菌播种、原球茎增殖、丛生芽分化及生根壮苗的影响。【结果】采用0.1%升汞处理灰岩金线莲蒴果20 min,灭菌率可达100%,且种子萌发不受影响。在种子萌发培养基中添加香蕉泥有利于种子萌发,最适合种子萌发的培养基为1/2MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+60 g/L香蕉泥;在原球茎增殖培养中,低浓度的6-BA和NAA有利于灰岩金线莲原球茎增殖,最适合原球茎增殖的培养基为1/2MS+0.2 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+60 g/L香蕉泥;丛生芽分化的最适培养为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+60 g/L香蕉泥+0.1%活性炭,原球茎分化丛生芽较多,生长势最佳;最适合灰岩金线莲生根壮苗的培养基为MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+2.0 mg/L NAA+60 g/L香蕉泥+0.1%活性炭。【结论】利用灰岩金线莲种子进行无菌播种,通过原球茎增殖和分化,可获得大量优质组培苗,是实现工厂化育苗的理想途径。     

四川5种丛生竹的秆形特征比较

为四川乡土丛生竹资源的开发、栽培和利用提供理论依据,采用随机取样方法对四川常见的5种大径丛生竹的秆型特征进行对比研究。结果表明,5种丛生竹竹秆鲜重均随胸径的增加而增大,同一胸径下慈竹的竹秆鲜重相对较小,硬头黄的竹秆鲜重相对较大。随相对高度的增加,5种丛生竹的相对直径均呈下降趋势,其中梁山慈和慈竹下降最快,其尖削度相对较大。相对壁厚随高度的变化呈逐渐减小趋势,其中硬头黄竹的相对壁厚的变化幅度最大。节间长度均随节位的增加呈先增加后逐渐减小趋势。相对慈竹而言,梁山慈在竹材质量和生物产量方面具有优势,粉单竹和料慈竹在板材加工利用方面具有优势,硬头黄竹在竹材质量、生物产量和板材加工利用方面均不具优势。     

紫叶狼尾草的繁殖培养研究

[目的]探讨紫叶狼尾草的繁殖培养技术。[方法]以紫叶狼尾草的根茎或腋芽节间为材料,进行组培快繁技术的研究。[结果]研究分析发现,较适宜的外植体诱导丛生芽培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L;最佳继代增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L,增根系数达6.5;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L,生长率可达100%。将生根组培苗移栽后,30 d后成活率可达98%。[结论]对紫叶狼尾草的繁殖培养,需要选择合适的培养基,其成活率较高。     

Vertical patterns of the flora of seed plants in Dawei Mountain in Yunnan Province, Southwest China

Vertical gradients incorporate multiple resources gradients which vary continuously. Therefore, research on mountain flo-ristic patterns along vertical gradients is important to reveal regular patterns of the flora along environmental gradients and to under-stand the changes in biodiversity along these gradients and their biological fitness. This study was designed to explore the character-istics of the floral compositions and ecological significance of floristic patterns along the vertical gradients of the National Nature Reserve of Dawei Mountain, located in the southeast of Yunnan Province. We analyzed the structural characteristics of the flora and the distribution patterns of its floristic components as a function of elevation on the basis of our field investigations along vertical vegetation transects. We carried out a systematic cluster analysis in order to determine the dividing line of floristic changes by eleva-tion along gradients and studied the effects of mountain climate on the vertical variation of floristic composition. The study shows: 1) that the obvious boundary, which differentiates tropical distribution, is located at an elevation of approximately 1,500 m, which separates the tropical rain forests from the evergreen broad-leaved forests; 2) that humid rain forests are found below 700 m elevation, mountain rain forests between 700 and 1,500 m, monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forests between 1,300 and 1,800 m and mountain mossy evergreen broad-leaved forests above 1,800 m. Non-representative mountain mossy dwarf forests (above 2,100 m) in the area are found on the windward sides and barren lands on mountain slopes; 3) that Hopea mollissima is one of the major component species of mountain rain forests, but it should not be considered as the major indicator species in humid rain forests as is generally accepted.     

科技信息

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介绍几种实用地被植物

<正>1草樱花丛生福禄考、道格拉斯福禄考属其部分品种,多年生宿根草本,从日本引进。该品种极耐寒,一般-25℃左右能保持常绿,     

优质高产多年生牧草——台湾甜象草

象草因大象爱吃而得名，象草又名紫狼尾草，它属于禾本科狼尾属多年生高秆丛生型草本植物，原产于非洲，是热带和亚热带地区广泛栽培的一种多年生高产牧草。象草具有适应性强、繁殖快、产量高、草质好、利用期长等特点，每年可收割6～8次，