基因型和供体植株生长环境对大白菜游离小孢子胚胎发生的影响

１７个用于大白菜常规育种的基因型在ＮＬＮ－１３液体培养基中进行游离小孢子培养，结果有１６个基因型经由小孢子胚胎发生途径获得小孢子胚。这些基因型包括从早熟晚熟的各种类型。各基因之间在小孢子胚胎发生频率方面存在很大差异，产量最高的两个基因型Ｔ１１和ＣＣ１１，平均每百花蕾分别达３５９２８和３４１３２个胚。供体植株生长环境对小孢子胚胎发生具有明显影响；在１０／２０℃（液／昼）的部分控温温室生长的供体植株，     

水稻PCD相关基因的定位研究

植物中的细胞程序化死亡(PCD)在植物的发育、抗病及植物与环境互作等过程中发挥着极其重要的作用.本研究以我国学者发现的特殊的水稻细胞死亡控制突变体3037(M)为材料, 采用微卫星DNA标记 (共计159个微卫星引物) 技术对突变体性状进行基因定位研究.结果表明, 该突变体PCD基因位于水稻的第8染色体和第12染色体,为下一步精细定     

甲氨阿维·虫酰肼混剂对不同蔬菜甜菜夜蛾的控制作用研究

田间小区试验结果表明,5.1%甲氨阿维·虫酰肼可湿性粉剂对番茄和白菜地的甜菜夜蛾均有较好的防治效果。在番茄地甜菜夜蛾卵孵化期施药,850~2000倍液,药后3d的防效最高,达74.92%~94.96%,药后7d已有新的幼虫孵化,防效开始下降;在白菜地甜菜夜蛾不同虫龄混发期施药,药后5d的防效最高,为83.85%~95.52%。对菜青虫有很好的兼治作用,而且对番茄和白菜安全。可以作为防治甜菜夜蛾的有效药剂推广使用,推荐使用浓度为850~1200倍。     

一氧化氮对铜、镉胁迫下平邑甜茶幼苗活性氧代谢的影响

利用一氧化氮供体硝普纳（sodium nitroprusside,SNP）,研究了一氧化氮对铜、镉胁迫下平邑甜茶幼苗的活性氧代谢的影响。结果表明：在200μM的CuCl2或CdCl2处理下,25～200uM的SNP能够提高平邑甜茶幼苗根系和叶片的SOD,POD活性,降低根系和叶片的超氧阴离子（O-2）产生速率及丙二醛（MDA）含量,表明适当浓度的一氧化氮可以通过提高部分抗氧化酶活性来缓解铜、镉胁迫对平邑甜茶幼苗的伤害。     

Introgression of alleles of the isozymic locus glucosephosphate isomerase-2 (GPI-2) from the CC genome of Brassica carinata to the CC genome of Brassica alboglabra and their independent segregation from seed colour

A yellowish brown‐seeded Brassica alboglabra was resynthesized from a (B. alboglabra×Brassica carinata) ×B. alboglabra cross, followed by self‐pollination. The resynthesized B. alboglabra lost the allele of the isozymic locus glucosephosphate isomerase‐2 (GPI‐2) from natural B. alboglabra, which was replaced by an allele from the corresponding genome in B. carinata. A simple Mendelian segregation of these two alleles was observed in the F₂ population of a natural × resynthesized B. alboglabra cross. Furthermore, these two alleles segregated independently from the seed colour.     

A Dominant Inhibitor Gene Inhibits the Expression of Ht2 against Exserohilum turcicum Race 2 in Corn Inbred Lines Related to B14

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the genetic cause for the lack of express ion of the gene Ht2 against Exserohilum turcicum race 2 on certain genetic backgrounds related to the inbred line B14. Two such inbreds (A635Rp and B59), susceptible to this pathogen were crossed onto the inbred Oh43—-Ht2Ht2. The following generations: F₁, F₂, F₃, F₄, backcrosses to both parents, selfings of the backcrosses, in addition to the parent lines, were evaluated for Ht2 expression in this study. Plants of each generation were inoculated with E. turcicum race 2 and evaluated for the expression of the chlorotic-lesion resistance determined by the gene Ht2. In spite of the reported dominance of Ht2 on some genetic backgrounds, the F₁ generations studied here did not show Ht2 resistant lesions. The data presented herein suggest that B₁₄ and related inbred lines carry a dominant gene(I) that inhibits the expression of the Ht2 gene. Chi-square analyses of the reactions of 108 progeny families studied supported this hypothesis.     

小鼠胚胎干细胞体外定向诱导分化成骨细胞

将小鼠5d龄ES-D3细胞源的类胚体(EBs)单细胞,按5×104/mL接种6孔细胞培养板,在DMEM基础培养基中使EBs单细胞贴壁培养。于第14!21天时,分别添加60%成骨细胞条件培养液(A组)、50μg/mL维生素C"50mmol/Lβ-磷酸甘油(B组)和50μg/mL维生素C"50mmol/Lβ-磷酸甘油"1μmol/L地塞米松(C组),并设不添加诱导剂对照组(D组)。第22天时用1%茜素红染色显示阳性细胞,计算成骨细胞诱导形成率,数据用方差分析和多重比较检验。结果表明,A组细胞增殖呈团状聚集,茜素红染色阳性细胞结节多分布于聚集的细胞群内及其边缘,成骨细胞诱导形成率为10.04%,与对照组比较,差异极显著(P<0.01);B组诱导分化的细胞分泌物形成网状结构,茜素红染色阳性细胞分布在这些网状结构中,成骨诱导形成率为7.43%,与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05);C组茜素红染色阳性细胞分散而均匀,但未出现网状结构,成骨细胞诱导形成率提高至27.57%,与对照组比较差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

超滤技术对苹果汁加工中主要芳香成分影响的研究

选用青香蕉苹果和国光苹果为原料,研究了超滤对苹果汁主要芳香成分的影响。苹果汁用国产平板膜超滤机澄清,用顶空动态采样法收集芳香物,用气相色谱法分析芳香成分。通过比较超滤前后青香蕉和国光苹果汁芳香成分的变化,截留分子量为10000daltons的聚砜膜PS—10对苹果汁芳香成分保留有良好效果,优于PS—30,PS—60和PS—80;聚砜膜对醇类芳香成分保留优于酯类芳香成分,并对其截留机理作了初步探讨,认为吸附起主要作用。芳香物回收实验表明,12000Pa,50℃为苹果汁芳香成分回收的适宜条件。     

生态农业决策支持系统的建立

根据生态农业发展的需要，建立了生态农业决策支持系统。对生态农业决策支持系统的概念、设计思想、内容构成、结构及功能进行了分析。     

基于人工神经网络的组合预测及应用

综合组合预测和人工神经网络的特点，提出一种将人工神经网络应用于组合预测的新方法，并以浙江省猪肉产量预测为实例进行了论证。